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Construction robots

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Construction robots are a sub-set of industrial robots used for building and infrastructure construction at site.[1] These robots have to be able to move and fix itself to the working zone, handle construction materials and interact with humans and other machineries.[2] Currently, most of the activities are in research level while some real world application has also been done such as for dam construction in Japan.[3] Articles are mostly published by researchers in France and Singapore. Other major countries includes USA, Germany, China and Japan.[4] These robots have been successful to do works such as finishing the exterior, steel placement, construction of masonry wall, reinforcement concrete, etc. The main challenge to use robots in site is due to limitation in workspace.[4]

Features

General features include:[5]

  • It must be able to move.
  • It must be able to handle components of variable size and weight.
  • It must be able to adjust with changing environment.
  • It must be able to interact with its surroundings.
  • It must be able to perform multiple tasks.

Capabilities

Construction robots have been tested to carry out the followings:

  • Building walls[6]
  • Monitor the construction progress[6]
  • Inspection robots are used to investigate the infrastructures, mainly at dangerous locations[7]

Notable construction by robots

  • 30 storied Rail City Building at Yokohama, Japan was constructed by an automated system.[7]
  • Concrete floor finish robot was used by Kajima and Tokimec companies in Japan.[citation needed]
  • Obayashi Corporation in Japan has developed and used a system to lay concrete layers in dam construction.[3]

Social impact

Use of the construction robots in the USA is rare, mainly due to opposition from labour unions. However, in Japan, these robots are taken positively. [7]

See also

References

  1. ^ S. Gonzalez DE, Garcia Estremera, Armada A service robot for construction industry Proceedings World Automation Congress (2004), pp. 441-446
  2. ^ C. Feng, Y. Xiao, A. Willette, W. Mcgee, V.R. Kamat Vision guided autonomous robotic assembly and as-built scanning on unstructured construction sites Autom. ConStruct., 59 (2015), pp. 128-138, 10.1016/j.autcon.2015.06.002
  3. ^ a b "Dam built by robots? Japan's Obayashi tests it out". Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 2021-07-30.
  4. ^ a b Gharbia, Marwan; Chang-Richards, Alice; Lu, Yuqian; Zhong, Ray Y.; Li, Heng (2020-11-01). "Robotic technologies for on-site building construction: A systematic review". Journal of Building Engineering. 32: 101584. doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101584. ISSN 2352-7102. Retrieved 2021-08-04.
  5. ^ Yamaguchi H, Arai T. Distributed and autonomous control method for generating shape of multiple mobile robot group. In Proceedings of IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS'94) 1994 Sep 12 (Vol. 2, pp. 800-807). IEEE.
  6. ^ a b "Construction robotics is changing the industry in these 5 ways". The Robot Report. 2019-10-18. Retrieved 2021-08-04.
  7. ^ a b c Construction Robots: The Search for New Building Technology in Japan
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