Green anaconda: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox |
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| name = ''Eunectes murinus'' |
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| image = Eunectes_murinus.jpg |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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| classis = [[Reptilia]] |
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| ordo = [[Squamata]] |
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| subordo = [[Serpentes]] |
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| familia = [[Boidae]] |
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| subfamilia = [[Boinae]] |
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| genus = ''[[Eunectes]]'' |
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| species = '''''E. murinus''''' |
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| binomial = ''Eunectes murinus'' |
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| binomial_authority = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758) |
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| synonyms = * [''Boa''] ''murina'' - Linnaeus, 1758 |
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* [''Boa''] ''Scytale'' - Linnaeus, 1758 |
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* ''Boa anacondo'' - Daudin, 1803 |
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* ''Boa aquatica'' - Wied-Neuwied, 1824 |
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* ''Eunectes murinus'' - Wagler, 1830 |
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* ''Eunectes murina'' - Gray, 1831 |
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* ''Eunectes murinus'' - Boulenger, 1893 |
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* ''Eunectes scytale'' - Stull, 1935 |
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* [''Eunectes murinus''] ''murinus'' - Dunn & Conant, 1936 |
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* ''Eunectes barbouri'' - Dunn & Conant, 1936 |
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* ''Eunectes murinus murinus'' - Dunn, 1944<ref name="McD99">McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).</ref> |
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}} |
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:'''''Common names:''' anaconda, common anaconda, water boa,<ref name="Meh87">Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. ISBN 0-8069-6460-X.</ref> green anaconda.''<ref name="NRDB">{{NRDB species|genus=Eunectes|species=murinus|date=4 July|year=2008}}</ref> |
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'''''Eunectes murinus''''' is a non-venomous [[Boinae|boa]] [[species]] found in [[South America]]. It is known as one of the largest of all snakes. Two [[subspecies]] are currently recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here.<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS|ID=634802|taxon=Eunectes murinus|date=3 July|year=2008}}</ref> |
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==Geographic range== |
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Found in [[South America]] in countries east of the [[Andes]], including [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], the [[Guianas]], [[Ecuador]], [[Peru]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brazil]] and on the island of [[Trinidad]]. The [[Type locality (biology)|type locality]] given is "America."<ref name="McD99"/> |
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==Feeding== |
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Primarily aquatic, they eat a wide variety of [[predation|prey]], almost anything they can manage to overpower, including [[fish]], [[bird]]s, a variety of [[mammals]], and other [[reptile]]s. Particularly large anacondas may even consume large prey such as [[tapir]], [[deer]], [[capybara]], [[caiman]], and sometimes [[crocodiles]] and [[jaguar]]s, but such large meals are not regularly consumed. In addition, there have been many reports and documentaries on anacondas consuming humans.They employ [[constriction]] to subdue their prey. [[Cannibalism]] among green anacondas is also known, most recorded cases involving a larger female consuming a smaller male. Scientists cite several possible reasons for this, including the dramatic sexual dimorphism in the species and the possibility that female anacondas require additional food intake after breeding to sustain their long gestation period and the male simply being an opportunistic prey item, but the exact reason is not understood.<ref name="PROD">[http://pages.prodigy.net/anaconda/canib.htm ''Eunectes murinus'' (Green Anaconda): Cannibalism] at [http://pages.prodigy.net/ Prodigy]. Accessed [[3 July]] [[2008]].</ref> |
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==Reproduction== |
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[[Image:Anakonda verschlingt Wildschein Senckenberg.jpg|thumb|220px|right|[[Senckenberg Museum]] exhibit of a [[capybara]] being devoured.</small>]] Anacondas are solitary animals until mating. During the mating season (corresponding to the rainy season) males must find the females, and while it is still unclear how they track a female's scent, many males often go after the same female. This in turn results in odd clusters colloquially called "breeding balls" in which up to 12 males wrap around the same female attempting to copulate. Copulation takes place in the water, with gestation lasting approximately 6 months. Anacondas are [[ovoviviparous]], meaning that they produce eggs which hatch inside the mother's body and result in live births. The newborn, which usually number 20-30, are around 60 centimetres in size and receive no parental care. Should they survive, they reach sexual maturity in about 3 to 4 years. |
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==Captivity== |
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In captivity, these snakes are known for their aggressive disposition.<ref name="LRC">[http://lllreptile.com/info/library/animal-care-sheets/snakes/-/green-anaconda/ LLLReptile: Green Anaconda Captive Care] at [http://lllreptile.com/ LLLReptile]. Accessed [[3 July]] [[2008]].</ref> |
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==Subspecies== |
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{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse;" |
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!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Subspecies<ref name="ITIS"/> |
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!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Taxon author<ref name="ITIS"/> |
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!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Common name |
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!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Geographic range |
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|- |
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|''[[Eunectes murinus gigas|E. m. gigas]]'' |
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|([[Pierre André Latreille|Latreille]], 1801) |
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| |
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|style="width:40%"| |
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|- |
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|''E. m. murinus'' |
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|([[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758) |
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|Green anaconda |
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|- |
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==Entertainment== |
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These snakes are among the most dramatized and most terrifying of villains portrayed in natural horror films, supposedly growing to over 120 feet in length and able to swallow adult humans; traits that are occasionally also attributed to other species, such as the [[Burmese python]] and the [[boa constrictor]]. Among the most popular snake films that feature it are the 1997 film, ''[[Anaconda (film)|Anaconda]]'', along with its two sequels ''[[Anacondas: The Hunt for the Blood Orchid]]'' and ''[[Anaconda 3: The Offspring]]''. This species is also the main antagonist in Mathias Bradley's novel, ''Anacondas: The Terror of the Amazon Rainforest'', in which multiple hybrid anacondas escape from a research facility in the [[Amazon Rainforest]] and come into contact with a toxic chemical that causes them to rapidly mutate into gigantic snakes. |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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{{commonscat|Eunectes murinus}} |
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*[http://pages.prodigy.net/anaconda/canib.htm Reports about green Anaconda's cannibalism] |
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*[http://www.anacondas.org Reports general information on Anacondas] |
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[[Category:Boinae]] |
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[[bg:Зелена анаконда]] |
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[[cs:Anakonda velká]] |
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[[da:Stor anakonda]] |
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[[de:Große Anakonda]] |
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[[es:Eunectes murinus]] |
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[[fr:Grand anaconda]] |
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[[gl:Eunectes murinus]] |
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[[it:Eunectes murinus]] |
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[[he:אנקונדה כהה]] |
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[[ka:ანაკონდა]] |
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[[lt:Anakonda]] |
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[[hu:Zöld anakonda]] |
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[[nl:Anaconda (slang)]] |
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[[ja:オオアナコンダ]] |
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[[no:Anakonda]] |
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[[pl:Anakonda zielona]] |
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[[pt:Sucuri-preta]] |
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[[ru:Анаконда]] |
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[[sr:Зелена анаконда]] |
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[[sv:Grön anakonda]] |
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[[tr:Yeşil anakonda]] |
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[[uk:Анаконда]] |
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[[zh:森蚺]] |
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Revision as of 13:27, 20 October 2008
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