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Fersman Mineralogical Museum

Coordinates: 55°43′7″N 37°35′34″E / 55.71861°N 37.59278°E / 55.71861; 37.59278
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Fersman Mineralogical Museum (Template:Lang-ru)
Current headquarters of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum in Moscow
Fersman Mineralogical Museum is located in Moscow
Fersman Mineralogical Museum
Location within Moscow
Established1716
LocationMoscow, Russia.
CollectionsSystematic collection,Crystal collection,Locality collections,Pseudomorph collection and Gems and stone art collection
Collection sizemore than 135,000 items

Fersman Mineralogical Museum (Template:Lang-ru) is one of the largest mineral museums of the world, located in Moscow, Russia. Its collections include more than 135,000 items. Among them natural crystals, geodes, druses and other kinds of mineral treasures. The museum was named after Alexander Fersman.

Original headquarters of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum - the Kunstkamera in Saint Petersburg.

History

Early history

The museum was founded in 1716 in Saint Petersburg as a mineral cabinet of Kunstkamera.

On 5 December 1747 a great fire destroyed virtually the whole collection. Only the most valuable items were saved, including the "Silver Horn". In 1836 the Kunstkamera was divided into 7 separate museums, including Mineralogical museum which was moved to the new building. In 1898 the museum was significantly expanded and renamed the Geological museum.

In Moscow

Museum was moved from Petersburg to Moscow in 1934 together with the Russian Academy of Sciences. Thirty railway carriages were required to move the museum's collection of more than 60,000 specimens.

Collections

Constellation egg, an unfinished Fabergé egg in the museum's collection.

All museum acquisitions since 1716 were divided at the beginning of 20th century by the academician Vladimir Vernadsky to 5 main collections:

  • Systematic collection consists of more than 90000 items representing about 2400 mineral species (from 4000 species known in nature).
  • Crystal collection includes more than 4800 crystals of minerals representing all crystal systems and most of space groups.
  • Locality collections included more than 31000 specimens representing genetic features, mineral association and ore types.
  • Pseudomorph collection includes about 2200 mineral specimens, representing different kinds pseudomorphs and also different features of mineral growing and transformations in various conditions.
  • Gems and stone art collection includes among 8000 rough and faceted gemstones, items made of stones.

Directors

The museum is named after Alexander Fersman.
  • 1835–1845 Grigori Gelmersen
  • 1845–1857 Konstantin Grevingk
  • 1857–1866 Adolf Gebel
  • 1866–1873 Nikolai Koksharov
  • 1873–1900 Fyodor Shmidt
  • 1900–1906 Feodosy Chernyshov
  • 1906–1919 Vladimir Vernadsky
  • 1919–1945 Alexander Fersman
    • 1930–1945 Vladimir Kryzhanovsky (executive director)
  • 1945–1945 Vladimir Kryzhanovsky
  • 1947–1953 Dmitry S. Belyankin
  • 1953–1976 Georgi Barsanov
  • 1976–1980 Yuri Orlov
  • 1980–1982 Vladimir Sobolev
  • 1983–1995 Aleksandr Godovikov
  • 1995–2010 Margarita Novgorodova
  • 2011–2015 Viktor Garanin
  • 2016–present Pavel Plechov[1]

References

  1. ^ "The history of Fersman Mineralogical Museum 1 - Минералогический музей имени А. Е. Ферсмана РАН". www.fmm.ru. Retrieved 2020-05-18.
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55°43′7″N 37°35′34″E / 55.71861°N 37.59278°E / 55.71861; 37.59278

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