Globe Theatre: Difference between revisions
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== History == |
== History == |
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== Layout== |
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[[Image:Southwark reconstructed globe.jpg|thumb|left|Exterior of the modern reproduction of the Globe.]] |
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The Globe's actual dimensions are unknown, but its shape and size can be approximated from scholarly inquiry over the last two centuries.<ref name=Egan>{{cite journal |
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| last =Egan |
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| first =Gabriel |
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| authorlink = |
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| coauthors = |
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| title =Reconstructions of The Globe: A Retrospective |
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| journal =Shakespeare Survey |
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| volume =52 |
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| issue = 1 |
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| pages =1–16 |
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| date =1999 |
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| url =http://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/dspace/bitstream/2134/469/1/Recon_S-S.pdf |
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| doi = |
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| id =ISBN 0521660742 |
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| accessdate = 2007-07-25 }}</ref> The evidence suggests that it was a three-storey, open-air [[amphitheatre]] approximately {{convert|100|ft|m}} in diameter that could house up to 3,000 spectators.<ref>{{cite web |
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| last =Orrell |
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| first =John |
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| authorlink =John Orrell |
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| coauthors = |
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| title =Reconstructing Shakespeare's Globe |
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| work =History Trails |
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| publisher =University of Alberta |
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| date =1989 |
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| url =http://www.ualberta.ca/ALUMNI/history/peopleh-o/89sumorrell.htm |
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| format = |
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| doi = |
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| accessdate = 2007-12-10 }}</ref> The Globe is shown as round on [[Wenceslas Hollar]]'s sketch of the building, later incorporated into his engraved "Long View" of London in 1647. However, in 1988-89, the uncovering of a small part of the Globe's foundation suggested that it was a polygon of 20 sides.<ref name=Egan2>{{cite journal |
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| last =Egan |
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| first =Gabriel |
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| authorlink = |
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| coauthors = |
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| title =The 1599 Globe and its modern replica: Virtual Reality modelling of the archaeological and pictorial evidence |
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| journal =Early Modern Literary Studies |
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| volume =13 |
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| issue = |
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| pages =5.1–22 |
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| date =2004 |
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| url =http://extra.shu.ac.uk/emls/si-13/egan/index.htm |
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| doi = |
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| id =[[International Standard Serial Number|ISSN]] 1201-2459 |
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| accessdate = 2007-07-25 }}</ref><ref name = Mulryne>{{cite book |last=Mulryne |first=J R |authorlink= |coauthors=Shewring, Margaret |title= Shakespeare’s Globe Rebuilt|year=1997 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location= |isbn=0521599881 }}</ref> |
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At the base of the stage, there was an area called the ''pit'',<ref>''Britannica Student: The Theater past to present > Shakespeare and the Elizabethan Theater''</ref><!-- pit or yard? We need clarification here.--> (or, harking back to the old [[Inn-yard theatre|inn-yards]], ''yard''<ref>[[Thomas Dekker (poet)|Dekker, Thomas]] (1609), reprinted 1907, ISBN 0781271991. ''The Gull’s Hornbook'': “the stage…will bring you to most perfect light… though the scarecrows in the yard hoot at you”. </ref>) where, for a penny, people (the "groundlings") would stand on the rush-strewn earthen floor to watch the performance.<ref>Dekker (1609)</ref> During the excavation of the Globe in 1989 a layer of nutshells was found, pressed into the dirt flooring so as to form a new surface layer.<ref name =McCudden/> Around the yard were three levels of stadium-style seats, which were more expensive than standing room. |
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[[Image:Globe Galleries.JPG|thumb|upright|Interior of the modern reconstruction]] |
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A rectangle [[thrust stage|stage platform]], also known as an 'apron stage', thrust out into the middle of the open-air yard. The stage measured approximately {{convert|43|ft|m|1}} in width, {{convert|27|ft|m|1}} in depth and was raised about {{convert|5|ft|m|1}} off the ground. On this stage, there was a [[trap door]] for use by performers to enter from the "cellarage" area beneath the stage.<ref>Nagler 1958, pp. 23-24.</ref> |
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Large columns on either side of the stage supported a roof over the rear portion of the stage. The ceiling under this roof was called the "heavens," and was painted with clouds and the sky.<ref name = Mulryne/> A trap door in the heavens enabled performers to descend using some form of rope and harness. |
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The back wall of the stage had two or three doors on the main level, with a curtained inner stage in the centre and a balcony above it. The doors entered into the "tiring house" (backstage area) where the actors dressed and awaited their entrances. The balcony housed the musicians and could also be used for scenes requiring an upper space, such as the balcony scene in ''[[Romeo and Juliet]]''. Rush matting covered the stage, although this may only have been used if the setting of the play demanded it.<ref name="wotton" /> |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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Revision as of 16:22, 29 September 2009
 The second Globe, from Hollar's 1638 Long View of Southwark. | |
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| Address | Maiden Lane (now Park Street) Southwark[1][2] London England |
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| Owner | Lord Chamberlain's Men |
| Designation | Demolished |
| Type | Elizabethan theatre |
| Capacity | 3,000–seated and standing |
| Construction | |
| Opened | 1599 |
| Closed | 1642 |
| Rebuilt | 1614 |
| Architect | Peter Street (carpenter) |
The Globe Theatre was a theatre in London associated with William Shakespeare. It was built in 1599 by Shakespeare's playing company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men, and was destroyed by fire on 29 June 1613.[3] A second Globe Theatre was built on the same site by June 1614 and closed in 1642.[4]
A modern reconstruction of the Globe, named "Shakespeare's Globe", opened in 1997. It is approximately 230 metres (750 ft) from the site of the original theatre.[5]
History
Notes
- ^ Mulryne, J R (1997). Shakespeare’s Globe Rebuilt. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521599881.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Wilson, Ian (1993). Shakespeare the Evidence. London: Headline. xiii. ISBN 0747205825.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|nopp=ignored (|no-pp=suggested) (help) - ^ Nagler 1958, p. 8.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica 1998 edition.
- ^ Measured using Google earth
See also
References
- Nagler, A.M. (1958). Shakespeare's Stage. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300026897.
{{cite book}}: templatestyles stripmarker in|author=at position 1 (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
- Schoenbaum, Samuel (1991). Shakespeare's Lives. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0198186185.
{{cite book}}: templatestyles stripmarker in|author=at position 1 (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
- Gurr, Andrew (1991). The Shakespearean Stage 1574-1642. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Press. ISBN 052142240X.
{{cite book}}: templatestyles stripmarker in|author=at position 1 (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
External links
- A reconstruction of the second Globe The structure of the Globe by extrapolation from Hollar's sketch. University of Sydney.
- Plays performed at the original Globe (Shakespeare's Globe)