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Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital

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Coordinates: 43°35′52″N 79°30′57″W / 43.59778°N 79.51583°W / 43.59778; -79.51583
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Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital
Map
Geography
LocationNew Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Coordinates43°35′52″N 79°30′57″W / 43.59778°N 79.51583°W / 43.59778; -79.51583
Organization
Typepsychiatric hospital
History
Opened1889
Closed1979
Links
ListsHospitals in Canada

The Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital was a psychiatric hospital located in the town of New Toronto, Ontario (now part of the city of Toronto). The hospital grounds now form part of Humber College's Lakeshore Campus.

History

The hospital was built in 1888.[1] as the Mimico Asylum. The doors officially opened on January 21, 1889.[2]

The original idea for the hospital's design of a cottage system was Doctor Joseph Workman[3] who wanted a hospital that would not feel like an institution. The architect for the site was Kivas Tully, who worked with gardener Samuel Matheson, designed the original facility under the supervision of the Superintendent of the Queen Street Asylum, Dr. Daniel K. Clark.[1]

The former carriage house, now a Tim Hortons

Most of the buildings were built by the patients themselves. Patients also helped with the laundry and tended to the gardens.

The Assembly Hall, now operated by the City of Toronto, was built by the patients in 1898 as a recreation location for the patients, staff, and the public. Sunday worship services were also conducted at the Assembly Hall.[1][4]

The hospital also had its own cemetery, located in the vicinity of Evans Avenue and Horner Avenue (on and off ramps on south side of the Gardiner next to Islington Nurseries). The cemetery contains the remains of 1,511 former patients of the hospital.[5] It's about 3 km north of the former hospital, tucked between the Gardiner Expressway and a strip of suburban businesses. Flat stones currently mark fewer than 200 graves.[6]

A powerhouse for the site was built in the 1930s to provide heat for the cottages.[7]

After several decades of use, the hospital was renovated starting in 1959 by then superintendent, Doctor H.C Moorehouse.[8]

The site was closed as a hospital on September 1, 1979 with the last 280 patients being transferred to other sites.[9] The decision to close the site was due to its needing to be renovated again.[4] At its height in 1950, the hospital housed 1,391 patients.[10]

In 1988, the site was designated as a historic property.[11]

In film

Prior to its closure the film Equus, starring Richard Burton, was shot here. After the closure of the hospital the property was also used as a filming location, notably being used in the movies Phobia, Higher Education, and Police Academy[12] as well as its sequels, Police Academy 3: Back in Training and Police Academy 4: Citizens on Patrol. It was also the setting of Matheson Academy in the Netflix series Locke & Key (2020). SCTV’s McKenzie Bros. film, Strange Brew, was also filmed as an actual asylum scene in this classic comedy.

Humber College

In 1991, Humber College signed a 99-year lease on the property.[11] The College then started renovating the cottages for use as offices and classrooms. By April 2015, all but the Administration building, known as Building G were renovated. This last cottage underwent restoration and was opened in September 2016 as the Centre for Entrepreneurship.

Today

The Assembly Hall

All of the cottages have been rebuilt by Humber College for their purposes.

In 1999, the former Gatehouse was rebuilt and became a supportive centre for children.[11]

The former powerhouse now has an outdoor skating rink beside it and the building itself has change rooms and washrooms for those who wish to skate.[13]

The former Superintendent's residence is now part of the Jean Tweed Centre.

The Assembly Hall was renovated in 2000 and opened to the public in 2001. It is now operated by the City of Toronto.[14]

The grounds are now open to the public as a park.

A Tim Hortons occupies the former Carriage House.

A new Welcome Centre was built and opened in September 2016. The Registrar's Office, Health and Career Services have been relocated in this new building.

Name

The hospital was opened as the Mimico Asylum, but changed names several times over the years, becoming the Mimico Insane Asylum in 1894, the Mimico Hospital for the Insane in 1911, the Ontario Hospital (Mimico) in 1920, the Ontario Hospital, New Toronto in 1934, before finally becoming the Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital in 1964.[15]

  • The Power House, now used for the outdoor skating rink.
    The Power House, now used for the outdoor skating rink.
  • The former Gatehouse.
    The former Gatehouse.
  • The former Carriage House, now used by Tim Hortons.
    The former Carriage House, now used by Tim Hortons.
  • The Cricket Oval where patients used to play cricket, with cottages in the background.
    The Cricket Oval where patients used to play cricket, with cottages in the background.
  • The former Administration Building.
    The former Administration Building.
  • Building E of Humber College's Lakeshore Campus.
    Building E of Humber College's Lakeshore Campus.
  • This is Humber's Building J, the former Cottage 4 of the Hospital.
    This is Humber's Building J, the former Cottage 4 of the Hospital.
  • Building 'D' of Humber College's Lakeshore Campus. The building used to be part of the Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital.
    Building 'D' of Humber College's Lakeshore Campus. The building used to be part of the Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital.
  • A close-up of some of the details on Building D at Humber College's Lakeshore Campus.
    A close-up of some of the details on Building D at Humber College's Lakeshore Campus.
  • Building 'I' of Humber College's Lakeshore Campus.
    Building 'I' of Humber College's Lakeshore Campus.
  • Building 'H' of Humber College, which was originally Cottage #2 when it was part of the Hospital.
    Building 'H' of Humber College, which was originally Cottage #2 when it was part of the Hospital.
  • The entrance to the cemetery for the hospital, located on Evans Ave.
    The entrance to the cemetery for the hospital, located on Evans Ave.

References

  1. ^ a b c "Mimico Asylum". New Toronto Historical Society. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  2. ^ "<meta HTTP-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/HTML; charset=iso-8859-1"/> NameBright - Coming Soon". Archived from the original on 2017-11-10. Retrieved 2014-11-30.
  3. ^ "Asylum by the Lake » Introduction: The Asylum Landscape". Archived from the original on 2014-09-19. Retrieved 2014-11-30.
  4. ^ a b "The history of the Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital in Toronto".
  5. ^ "Asylum by the Lake » The Cemetery". www.asylumbythelake.com. Archived from the original on 2012-08-24.
  6. ^ O'Toole, Megan (29 July 2012). "Forgotten deceased mental health patients memorialized at newly named Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital Cemetery". National Post. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
  7. ^ "Asylum by the Lake » Service Buildings". www.asylumbythelake.com. Archived from the original on 2013-07-03.
  8. ^ "Asylum by the Lake » 1959–1969: Revitalization". www.asylumbythelake.com. Archived from the original on 2013-05-06.
  9. ^ "Asylum by the Lake » 1970–1979: Last Years and Closing of the Hospital". www.asylumbythelake.com. Archived from the original on 2013-05-05.
  10. ^ "Asylum by the Lake » 1929–1959: Failure of Moral Treatment". www.asylumbythelake.com. Archived from the original on 2013-05-06.
  11. ^ a b c "Asylum by the Lake » 1980–1999: Re-Adaptive Use". www.asylumbythelake.com. Archived from the original on 2013-05-05.
  12. ^ "Police Academy". IMDb.
  13. ^ "City Rinks Toronto | Colonel Sam Smith Skating Trail / Colonel Sam Smith Skating Trail".
  14. ^ "History - Assembly Hall - Cultural Centres & Art Galleries | City of Toronto". www1.toronto.ca. Archived from the original on 2014-06-20.
  15. ^ "Home". asylumbythelake.com.
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