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Magnolia dealbata

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Magnolia dealbata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Magnoliaceae
Genus: Magnolia
Subgenus: Magnolia subg. Magnolia
Section: Magnolia sect. Macrophylla
Species:
M. dealbata
Binomial name
Magnolia dealbata
Synonyms[2]
  • Magnolia macrophylla var. dealbata (Zucc.) D.L.Johnson
  • Metamagnolia dealbata (Zucc.) Sima & S.G.Lu

Magnolia dealbata is a species of flowering plant in the family Magnoliaceae, native to Mexico. It is known commonly as the cloudforest magnolia[3] and eloxochitl.[4] It is sometimes considered to be a subspecies of Magnolia macrophylla, which is otherwise native to the southeastern United States.[5]

Description

Magnolia dealbata is a deciduous tree, growing to average heights of 25 meters tall.[6] Larger individuals can reach 40 to 50 meters in height.[7] The flowers are large and white up to 20 cm long. Leaves are broad, reaching 50 cm in length.[6]

Distribution and habitat

This species is endemic to cloud forests in the mountains of eastern and south central Mexico. It typically grows at elevations of 1200 to 1500 meters (3,937 to 4,921 feet) above sea level, alongside Magnolia oaxacensis, Pinus chiapensis, Quercus laurina, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Clethra sp.[4][5]

Populations identified as M. dealbata in the Sierra Madre Oriental of Querétaro, Veracruz, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas and San Luis Potosí correspond to more recently-described species including Magnolia nuevoleonensis, Magnolia rzedowskiana, and Magnolia vovidesii.[5]

The species was once thought to be extinct until being rediscovered in 1977.[8]

Etymology

The name eloxochitl was given to the tree by the Aztecs. It is derived from the Nahuatl word elotl meaning "green ear of corn", and xochitl meaning "flower".[4]

Uses

Magnolia dealbata is cultivated as an ornamental plant, used as a flowering tree in gardens.

It is also used for timber, and as a traditional medicinal plant for heart conditions, asthma, and stomach pain.[5][9] The flowers are used as decorations for spiritual and cultural events as well.[5]

References

  1. ^ Rivers, M.C. (2016). "Magnolia dealbata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T88558975A2796189. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T88558975A2796189.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2022 http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:. Retrieved 26 October 2022. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "​Magnolia dealbata​". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  4. ^ a b c Pattison, Graham (18 October 2022). "Magnolia Dealbata" (PDF). Magnolia Society.
  5. ^ a b c d e Rivers, M.C. 2016. Magnolia dealbata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T88558975A2796189. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T88558975A2796189.en. Accessed on 9 August 2022.
  6. ^ a b Corral-Aguirre, Juan; Sánchez-Velásquez, Lázaro Rafae (12 April 2006). "Seed ecology and germination treatments in Magnolia dealbata: An endangered species". Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants. 201 (3): 227–232 – via ScienceDirect.
  7. ^ Grímsson, Friđgeir; Meller, Barbara; Bouchal, Johannes M.; Zetter, Reinhard (2015-04-03). "Combined LM and SEM study of the middle Miocene (Sarmatian) palynoflora from the Lavanttal Basin, Austria: part III. Magnoliophyta 1 – Magnoliales to Fabales". Grana. 54 (2): 85–128. doi:10.1080/00173134.2015.1007081. ISSN 0017-3134.
  8. ^ Vovides, A. P., & Iglesias, C. G. (1996). Seed germination of Magnolia dealbata Zucc.(Magnoliaceae), an endangered species from Mexico. HortScience, 31(5), 877-877.
  9. ^ Mata-Rosas, M., Jiménez-Rodríguez, Á., & Chávez-Avila, V. M. (2006). Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis in Magnolia dealbata Zucc.(Magnoliaceae), an endangered, endemic Mexican species. HortScience, 41(5), 1325-1329.


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