Phaneropterinae

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Phaneropterinae
Female Phaneroptera nana
Male Isophya pyrenaea
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Ensifera
Family: Tettigoniidae
Subfamily: Phaneropterinae
Burmeister, 1838[1]
Synonyms
  • Amblycoryphae Scudder, 1897
  • Phaneropteridae Burmeister, 1838

The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae.[2][3] Nearly 2,060 species in 85 genera throughout the world are known.[citation needed] They are also known as false katydids[4] or round-headed katydids.[2]

The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus Phaneroptera (type species P. falcata), meaning "visible wing";[5] this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes Barbitistini and Odonturini have become brachypterous.

Adult Phaneropterinae species with eggs

Description

The legs of individuals in this subfamily vary from genus to genus, but, as in nearly all Orthoptera, the posterior (rear) legs are adapted to leaping, and as such are always much longer than other legs.

The Phaneropterinae are largely arboreal in habitat.[2] The vast majority of species live in shrubs and trees, feeding on leaves and twigs.[2] Some species might potentially cause significant damage, though usually superficial, when present in large numbers, but this is rare; they usually are solitary, unlike meadow grasshoppers, so much so that they seldom come to human notice.[2]

The ovipositor and male genitalia vary according to the genus. The Phaneropterinae differ from other subfamilies of Tettigoniidae (and other Orthoptera) in their oviposition; their eggs are rarely deposited in the earth, but are either glued in double rows to twigs, or are inserted in the edges of leaves.[2]

Taxonomy

The subfamily Phaneropterinae was first erected in 1838 by German zoologist Hermann Burmeister.[3] As of January 2019, Orthoptera Species File lists the following tribes, subtribes, genus groups, and genera.[3]

Acrometopini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Europe, the Middle East, Africa

Orophus tessellatus

Amblycoryphini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Africa

Amblycorypha insolita

Barbitistini

Auth.: Jacobson, 1905 – Europe to central Asia

Male Barbitistes obtusus
Isophya species mating
  1. Ancistrura Uvarov, 1921 - monotypic Ancistrura nigrovittata (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878)
  2. Andreiniimon Capra, 1937 - monotypic Andreiniimon nuptialis (Karny, 1918)
  3. Barbitistes Charpentier, 1825
  4. Dasycercodes Bei-Bienko, 1951 - monotypic Dasycercodes iranicus Bey-Bienko, 1951
  5. Euconocercus Bei-Bienko, 1950
  6. Isoimon Bei-Bienko, 1954 - monotypic Isoimon riabovi (Uvarov, 1927)
  7. Isophya Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878
  8. Kurdia Uvarov, 1916
  9. Leptophyes Fieber, 1853
  10. Metaplastes Ramme, 1939
  11. Orthocercodes Bei-Bienko, 1951 - monotypic Orthocercodes zarudnyi (Uvarov, 1930)
  12. Phonochorion Uvarov, 1916
  13. Poecilimon Fischer, 1853
  14. Polysarcus Fieber, 1853

Catoptropterigini

Auth.: Massa, 2016 – Africa

Ducetiini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, India, China, Indochina to Australia

Ducetia sp.
Shirakisotima japonica

Dysoniini

Dysonia sp.
Markia arizae

Auth.: Rehn, 1950 – tropical Americas

Ectemnini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – tropical Americas

Elimaeini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891 – Asia

Elimaea punctifera

Holochlorini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Asia-Pacific

Holochlora japonica female laying eggs
Poecilopsyra octoseriata

Insarini

Auth.: Rehn, & Hebard, 1914 – tropical & subtropical Americas

Arethaea sp.

Kevaniellini

Auth.: Massa, 2017 – eastern Africa

Letanini

Auth.: Hebard, 1922 – Asia

Microcentrum retinerve

Microcentrini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas

Eggs of Microcentrum.

Mirolliini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Asia

Morgeniini

Auth.: Karsch, 1890 - central and western Africa

Odonturini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Iberian peninsula, Africa, Pacific islands

Obolopteryx castanea

Otiaphysini

Auth.: Karsch, 1889 - Africa

Pardalotini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 - Africa

Percynini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – South America

Phaneropterini

Auth.: Burmeister, 1838 – distributed worldwide

Phaneroptera nana nymph

Phlaurocentrini

Auth.: Karsch, 1889 – Africa

Phyllopterini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878

Plagiopleurini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – South America

Plangiopsidini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Africa

Poreuomenini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa

Preussiini

Auth.: Karsch, 1890 – Africa

Pycnopalpini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2014 – Central and South America

Scudderiini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas

Scudderia sp.

Steirodontini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – South America

Stilpnochlora couloniana

Terpnistrini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Sri Lanka

Trigonocoryphini

Auth.: Bei-Bienko, 1954 – Middle East, India, Malaysia

Tylopsidini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Europe, Middle East, western Asia

Tylopsis lilifolia

Vossiini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Africa, Asia

  • Vossiina Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Africa
  • Xantiina Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Asia
    • Paraxantia Liu & Kang, 2009 – China
    • Xantia Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Borneo

Zeuneriini

Zeuneria melanopeza

Auth.: Karsh, 1890 - tropical Africa

Genus groups

Subtribe Trachyzulphina Gorochov, 2014 – China, Indochina, Malesia

Genus groups include:

Male Acripeza reticulata
Caedicia simplex
  • Acridopezae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Australia
  • Aegimiae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Central and South America
  • Aniarae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – South America, E. Africa
  • Centroferae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – South America
  • Cosmophylla Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – South America, Madagascar, Australia
  • Dysmorphae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Malesia
  • Ephippithytae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Vietnam, Papua New Guinea, Australia
  • Eurypalpae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Eastern China, Vietnam, Sumatra, Australia
  • Isopserae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Eastern Africa, India, Indochina, Malesia
  • Karschiae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891
  • Leptoderae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Sri Lanka, Malesia
  • Pseudophaneropterae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Sri Lanka, Sumatra
  • ScambophyllaBrunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Indochina, Malesia
  • Scaphurae Westwood, 1838 – South America
  • Taeniomenae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Australia
  • Turpiliae Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Central America, Caribbean

Incertae sedis

These genera have not been placed in a tribe:

References

  1. ^ Burmeister H (1838) Handbuch der Entomologie 2 2(I-VIII):684
  2. ^ a b c d e f Blatchley WS. 1920. Orthoptera of northeastern America, Family VII. Tettigoniidae, Subfamily I, Phaneropterinae. Indianapolis, IN: Nature Publishing. 784 p. Phaneropterinae (pp. 459-494)
  3. ^ a b c Cigliano, M. M.; Braun, H.; Eades, D. C.; Otte, D. "subfamily Phaneropterinae Burmeister, 1838". orthoptera.speciesfile.org. Orthoptera Species File. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
  4. ^ Walker, Thomas J. "Singing Insects of North America (SINA), Phaneropterinae". Retrieved 2 January 2019.
  5. ^ Jaeger, Edmund Carroll (1959). A source-book of biological names and terms. Springfield, Ill: Thomas. ISBN 0-398-06179-3.

External links

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