The Swing (painting)
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| Artist | Jean-Honoré Fragonard |
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| Year | ca. 1767 |
| Type | Oil on canvas |
| Dimensions | 81 cm × 64.2 cm (31 ⅞ in × 25 ¼ in) |
| Location | Wallace Collection, London, United Kingdom |
The Swing (French: L'Escarpolette), also known as The Happy Accidents of the Swing (French: Les Hasards Heureux de l'Escarpolette, the original title), is an 18th century oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard in the Wallace Collection in London. It is considered as one of the masterpieces of the rococo era, and is Fragonard's best known work.[1]
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[edit] The painting
The painting depicts a young man hidden in the bushes, watching a woman on a swing, being pushed by her elderly husband, almost hidden in the shadows, and unaware of the lover. As the lady goes high on the swing, she lets the young man take a furtive peep under her dress, all while flicking her own shoe off in the direction of a Cupid and turning her back to two angelic cherubim on the side of her husband.
The lady is wearing a Bergère hat (shepherdess hat) which is ironic since shepherds are normally associated with virtue because of their living close to nature, uncorrupted by the temptations of the city.
According to the memoirs of the dramatist Charles Collé[2], a courtier (homme de la cour)[3] asked first Gabriel François Doyen to make this painting of him and his mistress. Not comfortable with this frivolous work, Doyen refused and passed on the commission to Fragonard.[2] The man had requested a portrait of his mistress seated on a swing being pushed by a bishop, but Fragonard painted a layman.
[edit] Provenance
The original owner remains unclear. A firm provenance begins only with the tax farmer M.-F. Ménage de Pressigny, who died in 1794, after which it was seized by the revolutionary government. It was possibly later owned by the marquis des Razins de Saint-Marc, and certainly by the duc de Morny. After his death in 1865 it was bought at auction in Paris by Lord Hertford, the main founder of the Wallace Collection.[4]
[edit] Copies
There are a number of copies, none by Fragonard.
- one once owned by Edmond James de Rothschild[5], slightly different from the original; the lady's dress is blue, not pink[6]
- a smaller version (56 × 46 cm) owned by Duke Jules de Polignac[5]. This painting became the property of the Grimaldi family in 1930 when Pierre de Polignac (1895-1964) married Princess Charlotte, Duchess of Valentinois (1898-1977). In 1966, it was given by the Grimaldi & Labeyrie Collection to the city of Versailles, where it is currently exhibited at the Musée Lambinet, attributed to Fragonard's workshop.[7]
[edit] Notable derived works
- 1782: Les Hazards [sic] Heureux de l'Escarpolettes [sic], etching and engraving by Nicolas de Launay (1739–1792), 62.3 × 45.5 cm (24 ⅝ × 17 ⅞ in).[8] Contrary to the original painting, the lady is facing right and has plumes on her hat (among other dissimilarities) because it was drawn after the replica owned by Edmond de Rothschild.
- 1972: Sailin' Shoes, cover art of record album by American rock band Little Feat, artwork by Neon Park
- 1999: The first act of the ballet "Contact: The Musical" by Susan Stroman and John Weidman is described as a "contact improvisation" on the painting.[9]
- 2001: The Swing (after Fragonard), a headless lifesize recreation of Fragonard's model clothed in African fabric, by Yinka Shonibare[10]
- 2010: Tangled, a Disney film based on the Rapunzel story, based its visual style on The Swing.[11]
[edit] Notes
- ^ Ingamells, 164
- ^ a b Collé, Charles. Journal et mémoires de Charles Collé sur les hommes de lettres, les ouvrages dramatiques et les événements les plus mémorables du règne de Louis XV (1748-1772). III. Paris: Firmin Didot Frères, Fils et Cie. pp. 165–166. http://books.google.com/books?id=9ZBcAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA165.
- ^ Although his identity was not unveiled by Collé, it has been thought that it was Marie-François-David Bollioud de Saint-Julien, baron of Argental (1713–1788), best known as Baron de Saint-Julien, the then Receiver General of the French Clergy (hence the clergyman pushing the swing). However there is little evidence for this, according to Ingamells, 163-164.
- ^ Ingamells, 165
- ^ a b Wallace Collection (1908). Catalogue of the Oil Paintings and Water Colours in the Wallace Collection (8th ed.). http://books.google.com/books?id=jPjkXCoatd8C&pg=PA54. "A repetition of by no means equal merit is in the collection of Baron Edmond de Rothschild ; a smaller version was in that of the Duc de Polignac (see Virgile Josz: Fragonard)."
- ^ Bremmer, Jan (1991). From Sappho to De Sade: Moments in the History of Sexuality. Routledge. pp. 80–81. ISBN 978-0-4150-6300-5. http://books.google.com/books?id=XAAOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA80. "Note 4: According to Nevill (1903), a replica with a blue instead of a pink dress is in the possession of Baron de Rothschild."
- ^ "L'escarpolette". Catalogue des Collections des Musées de France. Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication. http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/joconde_fr?ACTION=CHERCHER&FIELD_1=REF&VALUE_1=04000001112. Retrieved 2009-01-18.
- ^ "About This Artwork". Art Institute of Chicago. http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/artwork/15092. Retrieved 2011-11-19.
"R. S. Johnson Fine Art". R. S. Johnson Fine Art. http://www.rsjohnsonfineart.com/workdetails.php?Number=113. Retrieved 2011-11-19. - ^ Terry Byrne (14 June 2008). "Moving tales of love make 'contact'". The Boston Globe. http://articles.boston.com/2008-06-14/ae/29279339_1_swing-dance-club-michael-wiley-pool-hall. Retrieved 7 May 2011. "'Swinging' tells the story behind a painting by 18th-century artist Jean-Honore Fragonard, in which a girl on a swing (Ariel Shepley) is teasing her companion (Jake Pfarr), while a servant (Sean Ewing) pushes the swing for her."
- ^ "Turner Prize 2004 — Yinka Shonibare". Tate Modern. http://www.tate.org.uk/britain/turnerprize/2004/shonibare2.shtm. Retrieved 2009-01-18.
- ^ Desowitz, Bill (2005-11-04)."Chicken Little & Beyond: Disney Rediscovers its Legacy Through 3D Animation". Animation World Magazine. Retrieved 2006-06-05.
[edit] References
- Wallace Collection webpage
- Ingamells, John, The Wallace Collection, Catalogue of Pictures, Vol III, French before 1815, Wallace Collection, 1989, ISBN 0900785357
- Farber, Allen (2006-04-05). "Fragonard's The Happy Accidents of the Swing". State University of New York at Oneonta. http://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/ARTH/ARTH200/gender/fragonard_swing.html. Retrieved 2009-01-18.
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Les Hasards heureux de l'escarpolette |
Media related to Les Hasards heureux de l'escarpolette at Wikimedia Commons
