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Tilla (deity)

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Tilla or Tella[1] (dTil-la[1] or gudTi-el-la)[2] was a Hurrian god.

Worship of Tilla is best attested in documents from Nuzi, where he was the most common deity in Hurrian theophoric names next to the weather god Teshub.[3][4] He also had a temple in this area[5] and an entu priestess[1] who resided in Kuruḫanni (modern Tell al-Fakhar).[6] His cult city was Ulamme, also located in the kingdom of Arrapha.[3] While he is commonly identified as a "bull god,"[5] there is no indication that he was imagined in such a form from any sources other than Song of Ullikummi.[1]

In the Song of Ullikummi, part of the cycle of myths about Kumarbi, Tilla is one of the two bulls who pull Teshub's chariot, the other one being Šerišu.[7] During preparations for battle with the eponymous giant, Teshub says Tilla's tail needs to be covered with gold.[8] In other sources, such as offering lists, Šerišu is paired with Hurriš, not Tilla.[9] Piotr Taracha considers the pair Tilla and Šerišu to belong to eastern Hurrian tradition, and Šerišu and Hurriš to western.[10] Sources from Nuzi appear to consider Tilla an independent deity, rather than a divine draft animal of the weather god.[7]

The theophoric name Ur-Tilla known from Puzrish-Dagan and Nippur refers to another deity, seemingly worshiped in Umma, whose name is derived from the Sumerian word tillá (written AN.AŠ.AN or AN.DIŠ.AN), "street."[11]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Schwemer 2001, p. 483.
  2. ^ Wilhelm 2014, p. 45.
  3. ^ a b Wilhelm 2014, p. 46.
  4. ^ Haas 2015, p. 318.
  5. ^ a b Taracha 2009, p. 67.
  6. ^ Deiner 1976, p. 34.
  7. ^ a b Schwemer 2008, p. 6.
  8. ^ Haas 2015, p. 91.
  9. ^ Schwemer 2008, pp. 6–7.
  10. ^ Taracha 2009, p. 120.
  11. ^ Krebernik 2014, p. 45.

Bibliography

  • Deiner, Karlheinz (1976). "Materialien zu den Lokalpanthea des Königreiches Arrapḫe". Orientalia. 45. GBPress - Gregorian Biblical Press: 33–45. ISSN 0030-5367. JSTOR 43074680. Retrieved 2022-06-19.
  • Haas, Volkert (2015). Geschichte der hethitischen Religion. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East (in German). Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-29394-6. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
  • Krebernik, Manfred (2014), "Tilla A", Reallexikon der Assyriologie (in German), retrieved 2022-03-05
  • Schwemer, Daniel (2001). Die Wettergottgestalten Mesopotamiens und Nordsyriens im Zeitalter der Keilschriftkulturen: Materialien und Studien nach den schriftlichen Quellen (in German). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3-447-04456-1. OCLC 48145544.
  • Schwemer, Daniel (2008). "The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies: Part II". Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions. 8 (1). Brill: 1–44. doi:10.1163/156921208786182428. ISSN 1569-2116.
  • Taracha, Piotr (2009). Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia. Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3447058858. Retrieved 2022-03-05.
  • Wilhelm, Gernot (2014), "Tilla B. Hethitisch, Hurritisch", Reallexikon der Assyriologie (in German), retrieved 2022-03-05
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