Ultrasonic algae control
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Ultrasonic algae control is a technology that helps control algae and biofouling in lakes, reservoirs, and industrial applications by using ultrasonic wave signals to destroy the algae cell structure within.[1][2]
History
The effects of ultrasonic waves on microorganisms were discovered by French scientist Paul Langevin (1872 – 1946) during World War I of usage of submarine sonar. During the carried out studies and experiments some biological effects were discovered, as microorganisms like algae cells were killed by ultrasonic waves. The powerful transducers used at the time produced a cavitation effect causing microbiological cells, algae to be lysed or broken into smaller fragments.[3]
Theory
Low power ultrasound produces specific ultrasonic sound tones. These tones produce critical resonance frequencies on its own natural frequency of cell membranes, such as algae gas vesicles, vacuoles, plasmalemma cells. These sounds click causes disruption of the algae cell membranes to break or tear. The duration of this rupture can take up to several days or months, depending on the algae species. Critical life functions, such as loss of plasmalemma, bring algae to its life end. Low power frequency in the 20 - 200 kHz range is used in biotopes, ponds, natural swimming pools, large basins, water reservoirs and lakes.[4][5]
See also
References
- ^ Utiger, Taryn (14 April 2015). "Soundwaves kill algae in reservoir". Stuff (company).
- ^ "Literature Review of the Effects of Ultrasonic Waves on Cyanobacteria, Other Aquatic Organisms, and Water Quality" (PDF). Wisconsin DNR.Gov.
- ^ Hutchinson, GW (2007). "Ultrasonic Algae Control" (PDF).
- ^ Wu X, Mason TJ (June 2017). "Evaluation of Power Ultrasonic Effects on Algae Cells at a Small Pilot Scale". Water. 9 (7): 470. doi:10.3390/w9070470.
- ^ Suslick JS, Didenko Y, Fang MM, Hyeon T, Kolbeck KJ, McNamara WB, Wong M (1999). "Acoustic cavitation and its chemical consequences" (PDF). Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A. 357 (1751): 335–353. Bibcode:1999RSPTA.357..335S. doi:10.1098/rsta.1999.0330. S2CID 12355231.