User:Dysfunktion/List of common Indo European roots

490 roots processed in 0.000050s on 27 January 2006, 20:50:13

Pronouns[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Lycian	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Phrygian
		Albanian	Anatolian		Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian						Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
eg-	I		uk								ik	ih/Ich	iċ/I	ek	egō	aham		õc	azəm			ego		eho			ja
me-	me	mua	ammuk	amu					mé	mi	mik	mih/mich	mec/me	mik/mér	eme	mam			mam			me		mehe		mi/mię/mnie	menja
wei-	we		wēs				vedu/				wit/weis	wir/wir	wē/we	vit/vér		vayam					vayam/				ve			wes
nes-	us	ne	anzās						ni	ni	uns	unsih/uns	uncer/us	oss	no	nas			na			nos			ny	nas		nás
tu-	thou	ti	tuk		dun/tun	toū	tu/tu		tū/tú	ti	þu	dū/du	þū/thou	þú	su	tvam	tsū'	tü	tū	dy/	tuva/to	tū	tuvai	tu/tui	ty	ty	ty	tu/tuwe
te-	thee											dih/dich	þē/thee	þik				tüa				te		te		cię/ci
iuh-	ye						jūs/jūs				jus	ir/ihr	gē/you	ykkr/yðr	humeis	yuyam			yuzem
wos-	you															vas						vos		vos		was	vy
k^wo-	who	kush	kuiš		ov-inč'		kas/kas		/cía		hwas	hwer/wer	hwā/who	hverr	tis	ka-	kus	kâča		či	/ki	quis		poei		kto	kto	kus/kŭse
s(w)e	refl. 3rd pers pronoun					sien; sin	savo/sevi				sik	sih/sich; sin/sein	sin/--	sik; sinn	heos	sva						se; suus			se		sja			ve

Numerals[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Lycian	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Illyrian	Phrygian	Thracian
		Albanian	Anatolian		Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian						Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
1- oino-	one	një/nji				aīns	vienas/viens	oinos	óin/aon	un	ains	ein/eins	ān/one	einn	oios	eka	akh	ev	aēuua	iu/jeu	aiva/yak	ūnus	uinus	uns	edinŭ	jeden	odin
1- sem-	one	gjithë	san	sñta	mi/mek/meg		sa/		samhail	hafal	sama	saman/zusammen	sum/some	sami	heis	sa-kr.t		sâ~	hakeret		hama/hamin	semel					sam	sas/s.e
2- dwo-	two	dy	dā-	tuwa	erku/yerku/yergu	dwāi	du/divi	vo	dá/dó	dau	twai	zwei	twā/two	tveir	duō	dva	zū'	dü	duua	dyuuæ/duuæ	duva/do	duo	dus	tuf	dŭva	dwa	dva	wu/wi
3- trei-	three	tre	tri-	trei	erek'/yerek'	tri	trys/trīs	treis	treí/trí	tri	þreis	drī/drei	þrēo/three	þrír	treis	tri	tre	tre	θri	ærtæ	çi/se	trēs	tris	trif	trĭje	trzy	tri	tre/trai		tri-	thri-
4- k^wetwer-	four	katër		teteri	č'ork'/č'ors	keturjāi	keturi/četri	petor	cethir/ceahair	pedwar	fidwor	feor/vier	fēower/four	fjórir	tessares	catur	tsor	što	čaθwar	cyppar/cuppar	/čahār	quattuor	petora	petor	četyri	cztery	četyre	śtwar/śtwer				ketri-
5- penk^we-	five	pesë			hing/hing/hink	pēnkjāi	penki/pieci	pempe	cóic/cúig	pump	fimf	fimf/fünf	fīf/five	fimm	pente	pañca	pā.~tsh	puč	pan.ča	fondz	panča/panj	quinque	pompe	pumpe	pętĭ	pięć	pjat'	päñ/piś			pinke
6- swek's-	six	gjashtë			vec'/vec'	usjai	šeši/seši	suex	sé	chwech	saihs	sēhs/sechs	siex/six	sex	heks	s.as.	śe	s.u	xš.uuaš	æxsæz	/šeš	sex	sehs	sehs	šestĭ	sześć	šest'	s.äk/s.kas		ses-
7- septm.-	seven	shtatë	šipta-		evt'n/yot'/yot'ĕ	septīnjai	septyni/septiņi	sextan	secht/seacht	saith	sibun	sibun/sieben	seofon/seven	sjau	hepta	sapta	sath	sut	hapta	avd	/haft	septem	seften		sedmĭ	siedem	sem'	s.äk/s.kas
8- ok'tōu-	eight	tëte		aitãta-	ut'/ut'/ut'ĕ	astōnjai	aštuoni/astoņi	oxtū	ocht	wyth	ahtau	ahto/acht	eahta/eight	átta	oktō	as.t.a	ā.t.h	us.t.	ašta	ast	ašta/hašt	octō	uhto		osmĭ	osiem	vosem'	okät/okt
9- newn.-	nine	nëntë/nândë		ñuñtãta-	inn/inn/innĕ	newīnjai	devyni/deviņi	navan	nói/naoi	naw	niun	niun/neun	nigon/nine	níu	ennea	nava	nav	nu	nauua		nava/noh	novem	nuven	nuvim	devętĭ	dziewięć	devjat'	ñu
10- dek'm.-	ten	dhjetë/dhetë			tasn/tas/dasĕ	desīmtan	dešimt/desmit	decam	deich	deg	taihun	zēhen/zehn	tīen/ten	tíu	deka	daśa	da.h	duc	dasa	dæs	daθa/dah	decem	deken	desem	desętĭ	dziesięć	desjat'	śäk/śak	dece-
20- wīk'm.tī-	twenty	njëzet/njizet			k'san			vocontio	fiche	ugain					eikosi	vin.śati	vuh	vici	visaiti		/bist	vīgintī						wiki/ikäm.
100- k'm.tom	hundred						šimtas/simts		cét/cead	cant	hund	hunt/hundert	hundred/hundred	hundrað	hekaton	śata	śath		sata/satem	sædæ	/sad	centum			sŭto	sto	sto	känt/kante
1000- teus-k'm.ti	thousand						tukstantis/tūkstots				þusundi	þūsunt/tausend	þusend/thousand	þúsund											tysõšti'	tysiąc	tysjača	tumane/tmām
per-	foremost->first	i parë	para			pariy	pirmas/pirmais		príomh	yr		furist/Fürst; fruo/früh	fyrst/first	fyrstr	prōtos	prathama		pürük	paoiriia	fyccag-farast/farast		primus	perum	pert		pierwszy	pervyj	parwät/parwe

Directions[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Illyrian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian				Italic		Slavic			Tocharian	Other
en	in							in/	yn	in	in/in	in/in	í	en					in		on-
eghs	out						ex-	ess-/as/ó						ex					ex		izu		iz
(s)uper	over			thar			ver-	for/		ufaro	ubar/über	ofer/over	yfir	hyper	upari		upairi	bar/abar	super
(s)upo	under		up-zi							iup	uf/auf	upp/up	upp	hypo	upa			zir	sub
ambhi	around						ambi-	imb-/			umbi/um	ymbe/--	um	aiphi	abhitah		aiwito		ambi		oba			ámpi
medhyo-	between			mēj/mēč		medis/mežs	medi-os			midjis	mitti/Mitte	ælemidde/middle	meðal		madhyah	pâmüč		mian	medium	mefiaí		między	meždu			metu
bhudhmen	bottom			bun/pun				bun	bôn		bodam/Boden	botm/bottom	botn	puthmēn	budhnah		bŭnō	bon	fundus

Kinship[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Illyrian	Phrygian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian						Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
manu-	person					žmonės/--				manna	man/Mann	mann/man	maðr		manus-		mânša	man-us						mozi		muž
nō-m.n	name	emër/êmën	lāman	anun	emnes		anm-en	ainm/	anu	namo	namo/Name	nama/name	nafn	onoma	nāmah		nom	nama	nom	nāma/nām	nōmen		nome	ime	imię	imja	ñom/ñem
wī-ro-	man	neri			wirs	vyras/vīrs	gwyr	fer/fear	gwr	wair	wer/Werwolf	wer/werewolf			vīra-			vīra-			vir		viru				wir
hner	man			ayr										anēr	nar								ner							anar
g^wen-	woman	grua		kin/gin	genno			bean	benyw	qino	quena/--	cwēn/queen	kona	gunē	gnā/jani-	zanānū'		gənā		/zan				žena	żona	žena
an-	ancestor	parët	hannas	han	ane	anyta/--	eontr				ano/Ahn			annis/anōn						nia/niakan	anus					vnuk			ana
pəter-	father	atë					ātir	athir/athair	gwaladr	fadar	fater/Vater	fæder/father	faðir	patēr	pitā	petū'r			fyd/	pitar/pedar	pater	patir	pater				pācar/pācer
māter-	mother	ëma		mayr	mūti	motė/māte	mātir	máthir/máthair	modryb		muoter/Mutter	mōdor/mother	mōðir	mētēr	mātr.	mā.j	motr	mātar-	mad/madæ	mātar/mādar	māter	maatreis	matrer	mati	matka	mat'	mācar/mācer			mater
bhrāter-	brother	vlla		yeġbayr/yeġpayr	brāti	brolis/brālis	brātir	bráthair/dearbhráthair	brawd	brōþar	bruoder/Bruder	brōþor/brother	bróðir	phrātēr	bhrātar	boy	br.o	brātar-	ærvad/	brātār/barādar	frāter		fratrom	bratru	brat	brat	pracer/procer		bra'	brater
swesor-	sister	motër		k'uyr		sesuo/--	suiior	deirfiúr	chwaer	swistar	swester/Schwester	sweostor/sister	systir	eor	svasar-		sus	shanhar-	xuæræ	xahar	soror			sestra	siostra	sestra	s.ar/s.er
sunu-	son	dielli		ustr	soūns	sūnus/--				sunus	sunu/Sohn	sunu/son	sonr	nios	sūnu-			hunu-						synu	syn	syn	se/soyä
dhugəter-	daughter	bijë		dustr/tusdr	duckti	duktē/	duxtīr			dauhtar	tohter/Tochter	dohtor/daughter	dóttir	thugatēr	duhitar-		jü			doxtar				dusti		doč'	ckācar/tkacer
daiwer-	husband's brother			taigr/daikr		dieveris/dieveris					zeihhur/--			dāēr	devar-						lēvir					dever'
swek'rū	mother-in-law	vjehërr		skesur/sgesur		šešuras	chwegr			swaíhrō	swigur/Schwieger	swēor/--	sväära	ekurā	śvaśrū-		č.uč.	xvasura-			socrus				świekra	svekrov'
snus-os	daughter-in-law			nu								snoru/--		nuos	snushā-						nurus			snŭkha	snecha
g'əlōu-	brother's wife													galōs							glōs			zlŭva		zolovka				gelaros
yenəter-	brother-in-law's wife			ner		jentė/ietere								einatēr	yātar-		iâri				ianitrīcēs					jatrov'
awon-	grandfather/mother's brother			hav	awis	avynas	avontīr	aue/ó	ewythr	awó	ōheim/Oheim	ēam/--		aia							avus/avunculus			uy	wuj	uj
nepōt-	grandson/nephew	nip				nepuotis/	nei	niath/	nai		nefo/Neffe	nefa/--			napāt-		nâvo	napāt-		napā/nave	nepōs			netiy
widhewā-	widow	e ve			widdewu			fedb/	gweddw	widuwō	wituwa/Witwe	widuwe/widow		eitheos	vidhavā-			viðavā-		/beva	vidua			vidova	wdowa	vdova
ghos-ti	stranger/guest									gasts	gast/Gast	gæst/guest	gestr								hostis			gosti	gość	gost'

Body parts[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Lycian	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Old Macedonian	Illyrian	Phrygian
		Albanian	Anatolian		Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian						Italic		Slavic			Tocharian	Other
k'er-	head	krye			karapen/garaben	kerpetis			ceann			hirni/Hirn		hjarni	kare	karparas			sar		/sar	cerĕbrum				čerep
kaput-	head	krye							ceann		haubiþ	houbit/Haupt	hēafod/head	hofuð		kaput-						caput
pilo-	hair	flok					plaukas/plūksnas								pilos							pĭlus				pleš
pula-	hair	qime							ulach/							pula
bhru-	brow	vetull				wubri	bruvis/--		brú/bruach			brā/Braue	brū/brow	brún	ophrus	bhrus					abru			bruvi	brew	brov'	pärwām./pärwāne		abroutes
ous-	ear	vesh					ausis/auss	aus	clúas	auso	ōra/Ohr	ēare/ear	eyra	ous	usi			usi		gaušā/guš	auris		ucho	ucho	uxo
ok^w-	eye	sy			ač'k'		akis/acs		súil	enep	augo	ouga/Auge	ēaġe/eye	auga	ophthalmos	aks.i		âče~				oculus		oko	oko	oko	ak/ek
nas-	nose	hun				nazy	nosis/nāss					nasa/Nase	nosu/nose	nös		nasa		nâsur.	nah		nāham/	nasus		nasu	nos	nos
ōs-	mouth	goj	aish			austo	uosta/osta	oss					ōr/--	oss		as/osthas		âša	aosta			ōs			usta	usta
leb-	lip	buz						llef	liopa			lefso/Lippe	lippa/lip								/lab	labĭum				lobzat'
dent-	tooth	dhëmbë					dantis/	dant		dant	tunþus	zand/Zahn	tōþ/tooth	tǫnn	odous/donti	dantam	dãd	dut			/dandān	dēns/dentis			dziąsło	desna
dn.g'hū-	tongue	gua			lezu	insuwis	liežuvis/--		teanga	tafod	tuggo	zunga/Zunge	tunge/tongue	tunga		jihva		dic	huzvan		hazānam/zabān	lingua		językŭ	język	jazyk
g'enu-	cheek	faqe			cnaut/dznaud		žandas/zods	genou	gin/		kinnus	kinni/Kinn	cin/chin	kinn	genos	hanus			zanu		chaneh/goune	gena					sanwem				azon
g'ebh-	jaw								gial			kiuwa/Kiefer	ċeafl/jowl	keptr					zafana							zob
smek-	chin	mjekër	zamakur		mauruk/maurug		smakras/smakrs		smig							smasru						maxilla
bhardh-ā-	beard	mjekër					barzda/bārda			barf	bards	bart/Bart	beard/beard	barðr								barba		brada	broda	boroda
moni	neck	qaf						maniakys	muin/muinéal	mwnwgl		mana/Mähne	manu/mane	mǫn	mannon	manya						monīle				monisto
omesos	shoulder	sup			us						ams			ass	ōmos	amsa						umĕrus					es/āntse
k'ub-	shoulder	sup								gogof	hups	huf/Hüfte	hype/hip		kubos	śupti			supti		/šāne	cubitus
arm-	arm	krah			armunk/armung	irmo			lámh		arms	arm/Arm	earm/arm	armr	arthron/	irmas				arm		armus		ramo	ramię
el-	elbow	brryl			olok/olog		alkūnė/elkonis	elin	uillean	elin	aleina	elina/Elle	eln/ell	aln	alas/oleon	aratnis						ulna				lokot'
dous-	forearm	parakrah					paduse		doe							dos			daos							pazuxa
g'hes-	hand	dorë	kessar	izre	dzer.k'/cer.k'		pažastis/--								kheir	hastas		düšt	zasta		dasta/dæst	praesto
men-	hand	dor										munt/Vormund	mund/--		mane							manus
onogh	nail	thuni			yeġung/yeġunk		nāgas/nags	eguin	inga/ionga	ewin		nagal/Nagel	næġel/nail	nagl	onohos; onux	anghri			nakhara		/nāxun	unguis		noguti		nogot'
psten-	breast	gji			stin/sdin	spenis	spenys/spenis		sine/			spunni/Spanferkel	spane/--	speni	stēthos	stana			fštana		pestan/sine
perk'-	rib	bri					pirsys									parsus			parsum	fars				persi
pog-	lap	prehr					paksis									paksas						pectus				pax	passa
onbh-	navel	krthiz				nabis	naba		imbliu/imleacán			nabalo/Nabel	nafela/navel	nafli	omphalos	nabhya	naf		naba		naf	umbilīcus
udero-	belly	bark					vedaras/vēders					wanast/Wanst			otheros	udaram			udaras		del	uterus; venter		vedro		bedro
pizda	vulva	pith					pizda																			pizda
put-	vulva						puti					vut/Fotze		futh								pūtĕō
pes-	penis	kar										faselt/Fasel	fæsl/--	fösull	peos	pasas						pēnis
org'hi-	testicle	herdhe			orjik/orčik		arzus		uirghe						orkhis				arazi
ors-	arse	byth	arras		or				err/			ars/Arsch	ærs/arse	ars	orrhos
k'louni-	buttock	byth						clun		clun				hlaun		sroni		slaunis	sraoni			clūnis
kroksko	leg	krake					karka	cos								kiskum								kraka		okorok
ped-	foot	sput	pata		ot-/votk'/vodk'	pe'da'	pėda/pēda				fotus	fuoz/Fuß	fōt/foot	fótr	podi	padam			pâdha	fad/	/pa	pēs/pedis	per'i	pe'š	pieszy	pešij	pem./paiyye
g'enu-	knee	guni	gienu		cungkʿ/çunk			geno	glún/glúin	glin	kniu	kniu/Knie	cnēo/knee	kne	gonu	jānu			znum	zonyg	/zānu	genū				zveno	kanwem/kenī			Genua/Genava
kemək-	kneecup						kenkle/cinksla						hēla/heel	hæll		kañkāla
persna	heel	themr	parsina								fairsna	fersana/Ferse	fiersn/--		ptera	parsni						perna/pernis

Body organs[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Lycian	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian		Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian						Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
k^wrep-	body	shkrep							corp	corff		href/	hrif/midriff		prapis	krapa			xrafstra			corpus
nau-	corpse					nave	nawe	newyn	duine		naus	not/	néo-/--	nár									navi		nav'/onava	nut/naut
pel-	skin						pleinen					fel/Fell	filmen/film	feldr	pelos/pilon							pellis			pelena
tuakos	skin		tuekkas						craiceann						sakos	tvacas
(k)ost-	bone	asht	hastai		oskr					asgwrn					ostoun	asthi		ât.i	asti		/ostexān	os; costa	kostĭ	kość	kost'	/ásta
g'^wiya	sinew				jil/čil		gysla/cīpsla			gewyn					bios	jya		ja	jya			fīlum	žitsa		žila
memso	flesh	mish			mis	mensa					mimz				menisk	mamsam	maz					membrum			mjaso	misa
kreu-	blood						kraujas/		/crau/cru/	crau		rāo/roh	hrēaw/raw	hrár	kreas	kravis			kruva-			cruor	kruvi	krew	krov'
esr-	blood		ešar	esêne-	ariun		--/asinis								eiar	asrak						aser				ysār/yasar
mozgo	brain					muzgeno						marg/Mark	mearg/marrow	mergr		majjas	massunt		mazga		/maġz		mozgu	mózg	mozg	mäs's'unt
g^wheleg'h-	gland				geġdz/keġc		geležuones/dziedzeris																		eleza
reusmen-	throat							rhumen								romantha						rumen
pleu-mon	lung						plausas								pleumōn	kloman								płuco	pljuče
k'erd-	heart		kir	kride	sird/sirt	seyr	širdis/sirds	craidd	cride/croidhe	craidd	hairto	herza/Herz	heorte/heart	hjarta	kardia	hr.daya		zâra	zərədā	zærdæ		cor	sreda	serce	serdce	kri/käryāñ
yēk^wr.-	liver						jeknos/aknas		ae						hēpar	yaknas		iâñi	yakar/jigar		/jegar	jecur			ikra
spleng'h-	spleen				p'aicaln	blusne	bluznis/		selg/						splēn	plihan		pr.u	sparazan			liēn	slezena
g'hel-	gall											galla/Galle	galla/gall	gall	khole							fel		żółć	elč
lendh-	kidney											/lenden	lendenu/--									lumbus			ljadvie
g^welbh-	womb								bhroin		wamba	wamba/Wamme	wamb/womb	vomb	delphus	garbhas
gwrebh-	womb								/brommach						brephos										črevo
g'her-	bowels				jar/čar		zarna/					garn/Garn	gearn/yarn	garn	horion	hirah						hernia
eter-	intestines				anderk/anderg				inathar/						entera	antram							jatro	wątroba	utroba
kakka	excrement				kakor/gagor				/cacc	cach		/kacke			kakkao						(isfa.)keke	cacare			kaka

Human feelings and qualities[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Avestan	Persian	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian			Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
men-	mind	men		mitk'/midk'		mintis				muns	/Minne	gemynd/mind	minni	menos	manas	manah-	manesh	mens	mineti		mnit'
aiw-	vital force											aye/ever		aiōn	ayuh	ayu		aevum				aym
swep-	sleep	gjumë		k'nel		sapnas		súan/són	hun			swefan/--	svefn	hupnos	svapnas	xvafna	xab/xoft	somnus			son	s.päm./s.pane
an-	spirit	frym		anjn			anal	anam	anysbryd	andi		eðian/--	anda	anemos	anas			anĭmal	vonja		von'
g'eus-	taste	shije						guss/		kustus; kiusan	kiosan/kiesen	ċēosan/choose	kjosa		josati	zaoso/zusto	dauš-/	gustus		gust
ters-	dry	ter		tsarav				tirim		þaursus	durst/Durst	þurst/thirst	þurr	tersesthai	tarsna	tarsu		terra
sweid-	sweat	djersë		k'rtink'/k'rdink'		/sviedri			chwys		sweiz/Schweiß; swizzen/schwitzen	swāt/sweat; swætan/sweat	sveiti	hidros	svedate	xvaeda-	xosh	sūdor
dakru-	tear	lot		arc'unk'		ašara/asara		dēr/deór	deigryn	tagr	zahar/Zähre	tēar/tear	tār	dakru	aśru	asrū-azan		lacrĭma				ākär/akrūna
ghouros	fear	frik						/gure		gaurs	graus				ghoras						žurit'
ghers-	horror			garsim/karsim		grassa		gruam					gersta			grahma
trudes-	leprosy	grbult				truneti		trosc/		trutsfill				truo				trūdō

Celestial terms[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Lycian	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian		Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian					Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
sawel-	sun	diell					saulė/saule	haul	suil/	haul	sauil	sunna/Sonne	sunne/sun	sól	hēlios	suras	su	hvar	xur	xur/xorshid	sōl			slunice	słońce	solnce	swāñce/swāñco
mens-	moon/month	muaj			amis		mėnulis/mēness; mėnuo/mėnesis		mi/	mis	mēna; menoþs	mano/Mond; mōnād/Monat	mōna/moon; mōnaþ/month	máni; mānaðr	mēn	masas	mos	mahya	/mæj	māha/māh	mensis			měsęcĭ	miesiąc	mesjac	mañ/meñe
ster-	star	yll	šittar		astġ/asdġ			sterenn		seren	stāirno	sterro/Stern	steorra/star	stjarna	astēr	tārā/strebhih/stṛ́	r.âšto	star-	sthaly/	/setāre	stēlla						śre/śćirye
nebh-	sky/cloud	qiel	nepis				debesis/debess	néal		nef		nebul/Nebel	nifol/--		nephos	nabhas	niru				nebŭlō			nebo	niebo	nebo
leuk-	light/bright	drit	lalukkes	luga	luys	lauxnas	laukas/lauks	leux	loscaim/loiscim	llug	liuhaþ	lioht/Licht	lēoht/light	leygr	leukos	rocate	luka/r.uč			roxan	lūx	Lúvkis	Vuvçis	luci		lug	luk
telp-	space	hapsir					talpa		/tallaim	talm						talpas										tolpa	--/tälp-

Times of day[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Avestan	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian		Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
aus-	dawn	ag				aušra/ausma		fair	gwawr		ōstra/Osten	ēast/east	austr	hēos	us.ās	ušastara	aurōra			utro
agh-	morn	gdhi												aige	ahem					jug
deien-	day	dit		tiv/div		diena/diena		die/dia/denus/	dydd	sintīns	lengizin/Lenz	lencten/lent			dinam		nundinae	dĭnĭ	dzień	den'
wes-pero-	evening	perndim		gišer/kišer		vakaras/vakars		/fescor	ucher	veig				hesperos			vespera		wieczór	večer
nek^w-t-	night	natë	nekuz		naktin	naktis/nakts	nocht	innocht/anochd	nos	nahts	naht/Nacht	niht/night	nōtt	nuks	nakti		nox	nosti	noc	noč'	nakcu/nekcīye

Seasons[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Persian	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian				Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
yēr-	year									jer	jar/Jahr	gēar/year	ar	iros			yare	dušiyaram/	hornus	jaro
wet-	year									wiþrus	widar/Widder	weðer/wether	veðr	etos	vatsah				vetus
wes-	spring			garun/karun		vasara/	var						var	ear	vasantas	vâsut	vanri	/bahār	vēr	vesna	wiosna	vesna
sem-	summer			amar.			sam	sam/	haf		sumar/Sommer	sumor/summer	sumar		sama		ham
osen-	harvest				assanis					asans	aran/Ernte	earnian/earn	önn	onopa							jesień	osen'
g'hei-	winter	dimër/dimën	gima-	dzmer./cmer.		žiema/ziemas	Giamillus	gheimhridh	gaeaf				gōi	kheima	heman	ze~	zimo	/zemestān//dai	hiems	zima		zima	śärme/śimpriye

Atmosphere[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian				Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
k'ewero-	northwind			c'urt/c'urd		šiaurys/--				skura	scūr/Schauer	scūr/shower	skūr						caurus	severu		sever
sneigh	snow				snaygis	sniegas/sniegs		snigid/	nyf	snaiws	snēo/Schnee	snāw/snow	snjor	nipha	snihyati				nix	snegu	śnieg	sneg
grad-	hail			karkut/gargut		gruodas/--													grando		grad	grad
yeg-	ice					iža/ieze		aig/oighear	ia		ichil/Gicht	gicel/icicle	jaki									ikra
ei-s-	ice										īs/Eis	īs/ice	íss			isu/aexa	ix	/yax				inej
sneudh-	mist						nudd		nudd					nuthon		snaoda			nubes
meldh-	lightning				mealde	milna/--																molnija

Wholeness[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Latin	Oscan	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic	Celtic			Germanic			Hellenic	Indo-Iranian			Italic		Slavic		Tocharian	Other
solo-	whole	gjallë		olj/olč			oll/	holl				holos	sarvah	sũdi	haurva-	sōlus			cały	salu/sol
semi-	half								sami-	sami/--	sām-/sand-blind	hēmisus	sami	sâmaũ		sēmis
aiti-	part					aes						aitios-aisa			aeta-		aeteis

Terrain[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Old Macedonian	Illyrian	Phrygian	Thracian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian						Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
dhg'em-	earth	dhè	tekan		same	žemė/zeme		domhain	dyn	guma	gomo/Bräutigam	guma/bridegroom	gumi	khthōn	ks.a	za.min			zæxx/	zam/zamin	humus	huntruis	hondomu	zemlja	ziemia	zemlja	tkam/kem.				zemelo/zamelon	semela
akmon	stone					akmen					hamar/Hammer	hamor/hammer	hamarr	akmōn	acma			asman						kamy	kamień	kamen'
g'embh-	ledge->tooth	dhëmb/dhamb		camel/dzamel		žambas/zobs					kamb/Kamm	camb/comb	kambr	gomphos	jambhas	kam/keme	zâmoa				gemma			zǫbŭ	gęba/ząb	zub			kombous
gwere	mount	gur		ler		giria								deiras	giris			gairi						gora	góra	gora
agras	field			art/ard						akrs	achar/Acker	æcer/acre	akr	agros/agrestis	ajrah						ager		ager
lendh-	steppe				lindan		landa-	land/lann	llan		lant/Land	land/land	land											ledina		ljada
gues-	forest	gethi									questa/--				guspita						vespice					xvorost
leug-	puddle	legate				liugas	Lugu-dunum							lugaios												luja				lugas
lat-	swamp					Latuva	Arelate	laith	llaid		/letten			latas
mori-	bog				mary	marios/mare	Aremorici	muir/muir	môr	mari; marei	mari/Meer; mersk/Marsch	mere/mere; mersc/marsh	marr		maryada						mare				morze	more
laku-	pond			lič/lij		Lakajai		loch/loch			lagu/--	lagu/--		lakkos							lacus
eg'hero-	lake				assaran	ežeras/ezers								Akherōn										ezero	jezioro	ozero				oseriates
akwa-	river	ha	akwanzi			upė/upe		abhainn		aha	aha/Ache	īg/island	á		ap						aqua					Oka
wedor	water	ujë	watar	get/ked	wundan	vanduo/ūdens		uisce/uisge	dŵr	watō	wazzar/Wasser	wæter/water	vatn	hudōr	udan-	odūr					unda		utur	voda	woda	voda	war		bedu		bedu	udrēnas
poimno-	foam					spainė/					veim/Feim	fām/spiúma			phena				fink		pumex			pena		pena

Fire[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Avestan	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian			Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
paəwr.	bonfire		pahhur	hur							fiur/Feuer	fyr/fire	furr	pur	pu		afruz/afruxt			pir			požar	por/pūwar
egni-	fire		agnis			ugnis/uguns									agni			ignis			ogn'	ogień	ogon'
dhu-	smoke				dumis	dūmai/dūmi		dē/dumhach	dub	dauns	toup/toben	dōmian/dusk	daunn	thumos	dhumas		/dud	fumus	Mefit			dym	dym	twe/tweye
pers-	dust		pappars			parsla/pīšļi							fors		pr.sati	paršuya-					perst'			pärs-

Parts of trees[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Persian	Latin	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian				Italic		Slavic			Tocharian	Other
deru-	tree	dru/drû	taru	car./dzar.	drawine	derva/dreve	Dervus	derucc/	derwen; dâr	triu		trēow/tree	trē	drus; drys	dāru/dāru	dâa	dāuru	/deraxt	durus		drěvo	drzewo	derevo	or
g'hasto-	stick							gass											hasta	hostatu
g'hazdho-	stick							gat		gazds	gart/Gart	gād/goad	gaddr										žedr'
k'ak-	branch	thekë		čyuġ/jyuġ	sagnis	šaka/saka		gēc/gēag		hōha	huohili/				śakha	coa							soxa
dherghen-	thorn					drignės/drigenes		draigen/	draen		tirnpauma/dirnbaum				drāks.a								deren
wred-	root	rrënjë						frém/fréamh	gwraidd	vaurts	wirz/Wurz	wyrt/wort	rōt	rhiza	vardhati				rādīx				vred
g^wetw	resin						bedwen	beithe			kuti/Kitt	cudu/cud	kvāða		jatu				bitūmen
kel-	glue					klejai								kolla								klej	klej

Flora[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Old Macedonian	Thracian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian				Italic		Slavic			Tocharian	Other
bhāgo-	beech						Bāgācon\|beith			buohha/Buche	bēce/beech	bōk	phugos					fāgus				buzina
perk^wu-	oak					perkunas	dair			foraha/Föhre	furh/fir	fura		parkati				quercus
bhereg'-	birch				berse	beržas/bērzs					birihha/Birke	birce/birch	bjǫrk		bhūrjah.		bärz		frāxinus		breza		bereza				berzas
klen-	maple					klevas/kļava	kelyn		kelyn			hlin/linn	hlynr										klen			klino-trokhon
ol-	alder		alanzan		aliskande	alksnis/	alisa				elira/Erle	alor/alder	alr						alnus			olcha	olxa			alixa
os-	ash	ah		hachi	woasis	uosis/osis			onnen		asc/Esche	æsc/ash	askr	oksua					ornus				osina
apsa	aspen					opuse/					aspa/Espe	æspe/aspen	ösp
eywo-	yew			aigi/aiki		ieva/īve	iva	eo/	ywen		iwa/Eibe	īw/yew	yr										iva
grabh-	hornbeam/oak					skroblas/skābardis														Graboui			grab			grabion
wyg'h-	elm	vidh				vinkšna/vilksna						wice/Wych Elm				viz (Kurdish)							vjaz
g'heluna	pine			jelun/čelun									giolnar	kheilos
elwn-	cedar					addle/egle	odocos												ebulus				el'
koslo-	hazel					kasulas	coll	coll/			hasal/Hasel	hæsl/hazel	hasl						corulus
ar-	nut	arrë												arna								orzech	orex
abl-	apple				woble	obuolys/ābols	avallo	uball/ubhall	afal		apful/Apfel	æppel/apple	eple		abalas						janloko	jabłko	jabloko
ker-	cherry					keras/kirna			ceiriosen	craf				keradion									čerenok/koren'
rap-	turnip					rōpē/					raba/Rübe			rhapus					rapum		repa		repa
krem-	onion					kermušē/cermauksis		crem/creamh				hramsan/ramson		kremeon
ōg-	berry					uoga		āirne		akran	ēker/Ecker	æcern/acorn	akarn								vinjaga		jagoda	oko
mor-	blackberry		muri	mori			merwydden	/smēār	mwyar					moron					mōrum
k'alam-	reed				salme	/salms					halm/Halm	healm/haulm	halmr	kalamos					culmus				soloma	kulmãm.ts
koino-	grass			xot/xod		šienas/siens								koina									seno

Insects[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian						Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
morwi-	ant	morr		mrjiun/mrčiun		merva		moirb					maurr	murmēs	vamras			maoiri		/mour	formica	mravie	mrówka	muravej
bhei-	bee	bletë			bitte	bitis	becos	bech/bech	begegyr		bīa/Biene	bēo/bee	bǖn/bý								fūcus		pszczoła	pčela
wopsa	wasp					vapsa/	guahi	foich/			wafsa/Wespe	wæps/wasp			gvabz		ušpik	vawzaka			vespa	vosa		osa
mu-	fly	mizë		mun		muse					mucka/Mücke	mycg/midge	mý	muia		ma.čh				/magas	musca		mucha	muxa
blousa	flea	plesht		lu		blusa								psulla	plus.i						pulex			bloxa
knid-	louse	thërijë		anic/anidz		gnida	nedd				gneis			konis										gnida
k^wr.mi-	grub	krimb				kirmis/cērme		cruim/	pryf						krmi				kalm	/kirm		čermnyi		červ'

Water animals[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian	Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
dhg'hu-	fish			dzuk/cug		žuvis/zivs								ikhthus
peisk-	fish							/iasc	pysgodyn	fisks	fisc/Fisch	fisc/fish	fiskr			piscis		piskorz	piskar'
laks-	salmon				lalasso	lašiša/lasis					lahs/Lachs	leax/--	lax					losos	losos'	laks/läks
angwi-	eel					angis/angurgis		ung/			unc			egkhelus		anguis			už/ugor'
konkho-	shell													konkhos	sankha	conguius		koncha
wr.mi-	worm			vord/vort	wormyan	varmas/--			gwraint	waurms	wurm/Wurm	wyrm/worm	ormr	rhomos		vermis	vermie

Birds[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian				Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
awi-	bird			hav			hwyad							aetos	vih	avayas			avis
eor-	eagle	oror	haras	arciv/ardziv		erēlis/ērglis	er	irar/iolar	eryr	ara	arn/Aar	earn/erne	ǫrn	ornis						orilu	orzeł	orel
worn-	raven					varna	brana		bran													vorona	--/wrauña
qor-	raven					krauklys/					hraban/Rabe	hræfn/raven	hrafn	koraks					corvus
trozdos	thrush					strazdas/		truid	drudwy		droscala/Drossel	þrysce/thrush	þröstr						turdus	drozgu		drozd
aneti-	duck					ántis					anut/Ente	ened/--	ǫnd		atih				anas			utie
g'hans-	goose				sansy	žąsis/zoss		geiss/--; géd/gé	gŵydd	gansus	gans/Gans	gōs/goose	gās	khen	haṃsá	zā	x'az	/gaz	ānser		gęś	gus'
teter-	grouse			tatrakm	tatarwis	teterva/teteris		tethra/					þiðurr	tetraōn	tittiras			/tadarv				teterev
sperg-	sparrow				spurglis					sparwa	sparo/Sperling	spearwa/sparrow	spörr	sparasion				/parasto	parra				s.pār/s.pāra-
ger-	crane			kerunk	gerwe	garnis/			garan		krano/Kranich	cran/crane	trana	geranos					grūs			žuravl'
petra-	wings		pittar						eterin		fedara/Feder	feðer/feather	fjǫðr	pteryx/	patram			/par	penna	pero
niz-do	nest			nist				net/net	nyth		nest/Nest	nest/nest			nidas				nīdus	gnezdo	gniazdo	gnezdo

Beasts[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Phrygian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian					Italic		Slavic			Tocharian	Other
g'hwer-	beast					zveris/								ther						ferus		zveri	zwierzę	zver'
maghos	young animal	makth				mac	Magu-rix	maug/	meudwy	magus	magad/Magd	mægð/maid	mær				maghava
s-tauro	bison				tauris	tauras/tauriņš	tarbh	tarw	stiur	stior/Stier	steor/steer	stjorr	tauros			staora			taurus		turu		tur
r.tk'o-	bear	ari		arj/arč			art		arth					arktos	rksa	ic	xirs	ars		ursus
wl.k^wo-	wolf	ujk-ulk		gayl/kayl	wilkis	vilkas/vilks	vail	faol		wulfs	wolf/Wolf	wulf/wolf	ūlfr	lukos	vr.ka		vehrka-		varka/gorg	lupus		vluku	wilk	volk	--/walkwe
epero-	boar					Vepriai/vepris/vepris					ebur/Eber	eofor/--			vapati					aper/vepres	apruf			vepr'
bhi-bhru	beaver				bebrus	bebras/bebrs	Bibrax		befer		bibar/Biber	beofer/beaver	bjōrr		babhrus		bawra			fiber			bóbr	bobr
udras	otter					udra/udris		/odar; uydr//odoirne/			ottar/Otter	oter/otter	otr	hudros	udras		udra			lutra		vydra	wydra	vydra
wewer-	squirrel					vaveris/vāvere			gwywer		eihhurno/Eichhorn	ācweorna/--	īkorni						/varvarah	vīverra			wiewiórka	veverica
eg'hi-	hedgehog			ozni		ežys/ezis		gráinneóg			igil/Igel	igil/--	īgul	ekhinos				wyzyn					jeż	ež			eksis/eksis
netr-	snake						nathir/neidr	nathir/	neidr	nadrs	natara/Natter	naeddre/adder	naðr							natrix
mūs-	mouse	mi		muk/mug		muse/					mūs/Maus	mūs/mouse	mūs	mūs	mūs.	musa	mus		/muš	mūs		mysu	mysz	myš'

Home animals[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Lycian	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Phrygian	Thracian
		Albanian	Anatolian		Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian					Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
k'won-	dog	shakë	śuwanis		šun	sunis	šuo/suns	cuna	cū/cú	ci	hunds	hunt/Hund	hund/hound	hundr	kuon/cynic	śvan	hūn		spā		canis					suka	ku	kinu-	kunes	dinu-
ek'wo-	horse		aśuwas	esbe-	ēš		ašva/āži	epo	ech	ebol			eoh/--		hippos	aśva		ušpa		aspa/asb	equus						yuk/yakwe		es'	esvas
g^wou-	cow/bull				kov/gov		--/guovs		bō/bo			kuo/Kuh	cū/cow	kú	bous	gaus	gāv	go		--/gāv		buv-	bum			govjado	ko/keŭ
lōp-	cow	lopë							lāeg	llo											/lops
uksin-	ox, bull										auhsa/ych	ohso/Ochse	oxa/ox	oxi		uksa			uxshan-
su-	swine	thi					--/sivēns		socc/	hwch		sū/Sau	sū/sow	sú	hus	sukaras					sūs		sif		świnia	svin	--/suwo
pork'o-	farrow					parstian	paršas/--		orc			farh/Ferkel	fearh/farrow		porkos				purs		porcus					porosja
ag'-	goat						ozys		ag/agh							ajah			azak					jazno		koza
owi-	sheep		hawi-		hoviv		avis		ōi/	ewig			ēowu/ewe		ois	avika					ovis				owca	ovca	--/āuw
agwhno-	lamb								ūan/uan	oen			eanian/yean		amnos						agnus		habina	yagn'	jagnię	agnec
kat-	cub													hathna							catulus		katel			vykot
k'er-	horned one						karve	cornach			hiruz/Hirsch	heorot/hart	hjörtr	keraos						cervus			krava		korova

Animal products[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian					Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
owye-	egg	ve-vo					oi	ubh	ŵy		/Ei	ææg/Cockney	egg	oion			aia->aika			avis/ovum			jajco
melit	honey	mjaltë	milit	meġr			mel	mil/	mêl		milltou/Mehltau	mildēaw/mildew		melitos						mel/mellis/mulsus
medhu-	mead					medus/		mid/	medd		Metu/Met	meodu/mead	mjǫðr	methu	madhu	mura	madu				medu	miód	med	mit
alu-d	beer					alus						ealu/ale	öl	aleupon						alumen	ol
glag-	milk		galank											gala						lac
ksweid-	milk					sviestas/sviests									ksvidyati		xšvīd
selp-	butter	gjalpë	salpa-							salbon	salba/Salbe	sealf/salve		helpos	sarpis			carv/	/čarbi					s.älyp/s.alype
suro-	cheese	hirrë				suras							surr									ser	syr
smeru-	grease					smarsas/	smer-	smiur/	mer		smero/Schmer	smerian/smear	smyrva	smuris						medulla				/s.mare
moisos	hide					maisas							meiss		mesas		maesi->mes						mex
wlna	wool		hulana			vilna/			gwlan	wulla	wolla/Wolle	wull/wool	ull	lenos	urna		varena			vellus	vluna		vulna
k'ern-	horn								corn	haurn	horn/Horn	horn/horn	horn	keras	crengam	s.iN	srva			cornus			serna

Vegetable food[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Avestan	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Phrygian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian			Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
g'rə-no-	corn				syrne	žirnis/zirnis		grán	grawn	kaurn	korn/Korn	corn/corn	korn		jirnas		xarman	grānum				ziarno	zerno
peluos	flour				pelwo	pelūs/pelus									palavas			palea					polova
bhares	spelt								bara	barizīns		bærlic/barley	barr					farina	far	far	brašno					brisa
puro-	crops					puras/						fyrs/furze		puros	puras								pyrej
yewo-	wheat		ewa-			javas/jauja		eorna/						zeia	yavas	yavanha	/jav						ovin
urughya	rye				rugis	rugys/rudzi					roggo/Roggen	ryge/rye	rugr										rož
gherzdh-	barley	drithë									/Gerste			kri				hordeum
awig'-	oats				wyse	aviža/auza						āte/oat		aigilops	avasam			avēna					ovës
bhabha	bean	bathë			babo				ffâen		bona/Bohne	bēan/bean	baun					faba					bob
eregwo-	pea							orbaind/			arawīg/erbse			orobos				ervum
k'iker	pea			siser.in		kekē/								krios				cicer

Other products[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Illyrian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian					Italic		Slavic			Tocharian	Other
lino-	flax	lini				linas		lin/	llin	lein	lin/Leinen	lin/linen	lin	linon						linum				len
sali-	salt	gjelbson		aġ		/sāls		salann/	halen	salt	/Salz	sealt/salt	salt	als						sāl	salu	soli	sól	sol'	--/salyiye
g'hel-	gold				sealtmeno	želta/zelts	geal (bright)		gulþ	gold/Gold	gold/gold	gull		hiran.ya		zaranya-		daraniya-/	helvus		zlato	złoto	zlato				glunea
ayes-	metal						Isarnodori	iarn/iarann	haearn	aiz	er/Erz	ār/ore	eir		ayas		ayaNh		/ahan	aes	ahesnes

Tools[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian					Italic	Slavic			Tocharian	Other
aguesi	axe										/Axt	æx/axe	øx	adzi						ascia
arqu-	bow					ercis				arhuazna		arwe/arrow	örvar	arkeuthos	arkas					arcus			rakita
aik-	spear/pike				ayculo/aysmis									aikloi/iktea/aihun			isar			ico/icere			igla
ke(n)g-	hook					kenge		cheng			/Haken	hoc/hook	haki										kogot'
skeb-	knife					skabus					/Schaff		skepja							scabere			skoblit'
skap-	tool	kep				skaplis/kapas					skaft/			skopelos/kopos						capus			skopit/kopat
mat-	hack						matog		matog		modela				matyam					mateola			motyka
mak-	pouch				dantimax	makas/maks		mēn/	megin		mago/Magen	maga/maw	magi								mosina		mošna
tark-	spindle				tarkue		torc				drahsil/			atraktos	tarkus					torqueo			torok	tark
gweri-	millstone			yerkan/yergan			breuan				kuerna/	cweorn/quern	kvern		gravan					girna			ernov
yeug-	yoke		jugan	luc/ludz		jungas/jūgs	iou		iau	juk	joh/Joch	geoc/yoke	ok	zugos	yugam	iu	jug		/yoġ	jugum	igo		igo	yuk-
k^wel-	wheel/chariot	sjell			kelan	kelis/celis		cul/--				hwēol/wheel	hjōl	kuklos	cakram		čaxra	calx/	čarka/čarx	colus		koło	koleso	kukäl/kokale
rot-	wheel	rrath				ratas/rats	Rotomagus	/rath	rhod		rad/Rad	rodur/			ratha		ratho			rota
nau-	ship	anije		nav				nau/	noe			nōwend/--	nōr	naus	nāuh.		navāza	nau/	/nav/nāviyā/	navis
bak-	staff							bacc/bac	bach					bakton						baculum

Dwelling[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Phrygian	Thracian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian					Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
dem-	house			tun/dun		dimstis/			tŷ		zimbar/Zimmer	timber/timber	timbr	domos	damas	u dâmoa	dam			domus					dom
treb-	dwelling					trōba/traba		dīthrub/	treb/tref	þaúrp	dorf/Dorf	þorp/thorp	ðorp/þorp	teremnon						trabēs	triibum	tremnu
rebh-	roof										ribba/Rippe	ribb/rib	rif	erepho											rebro
ghrendh-	beam					grindis/grida					grindil/	grindel/	grind			ugr.a				grunda				grzęda	grjada
kantho-	corner						kantem			cant				kanthos						cantus				kąt	-kut-
ank-	angle		hink			anka/āķis		ēcath/	anghad		ango/		angi	ogkos	ankas		anku-pəsəmna	ængur		ancus					ugol
dhwer-	door	derë		dur./tur.		durys/durvis	doro	dorus/doras	dôr	daur	turi/Tür	duru/door	dyrr	thura	dvaras	du			duvar-/dar	fores		furo/foro		drzwi	dver'	--/twere
g'her-	fence	gardh				gardas/aizgalds		gort/	garth		garto/Garten	geard/yard	garðr	khortos	grahas					hortus			grad		erd'			gordum
pent-	road			hun	pintis			/ēs			findan/finden	findan/find	finna	pontos/patos	panthās	put	fandag/pantā			pōns/pontis					put'
bherg'h-	fort		parku-	bardzut'iun/partsut'iun			Bergusia	brī/	bre	baírgahī	burg/Burg; berg/Berg	burg/borough; beorg/barrow	borg/bjarg		brahant		brzant-		/baru						bereg	pärk-			bergas

Social terms[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Lycian	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Illyrian	Phrygian
		Albanian	Anatolian		Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian					Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
teutā-	tribe		tuzzi-	tuta		toda	tauta/	teuto	tuath/		þiuda	diutisc/Deutsch	þeoð/--							tudeh	tōtus	touta	tota						teuta
leudh-	people						liaudis/ļaudis		luss/			liut/Leute	lēod/--	ljóðr	eleutheros	rodhati		raoda-			liber				lud	liud
weik-	village	vis					viešas/viesis					weihs/	wic/		oikos	vic		vis			vicus				wieś	ves'
reg-	ruler							rix/recto\|rí		raihts	reht/recht	riht/right	réttr	oregein	rajah					rex/regere
ner-	power	njer					noras/	neart						neuron	nar				niru	nervus					nrav
yewes	law								huisse/							yoh		yaozda			jus
ala	greeting						aluoti					/Hallo	/hello		alala	alala										ole
peku-	wealth/cattle	pilë				pecku	pekus				faihu	fihu/Vieh	feoh/fee	fé	pekto	pasu		pasu		pak	pecus/pecunia
mizdho-	fee										mizdo	/miete			misthos	midham		mizdam		mozd						mzda
wesno-	price		ussaniya		gin/kin										honos	vasnam					venum			veno
k'at-	quarrel							catu\|cathú			/Hass	hatian/hate	hatr		catrus/satayati								kotora
koro-	war						karas	cuire	cath			/Heer	herebeorg/harbour	herr	koiranos			kara		karzar						kara
weik'-	victory						veikti/veikt		fichim			wigan/--		veig							vincere					vek
deiw-os	god, i.e. 'shining'						dievas/dievs	deus	Día	duw	Tyz	Ziu/--	Tiw/Tuesday	Týr	theos-Zeus	devas	di				deus					divo				tios
bal	power, strength								odbal/						beltión	bala	bâlim				bilis					bolee

Verbs[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Lycian	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Illyrian	Phrygian	Thracian
		Albanian	Anatolian		Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian						Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
bheue-	to be						buti/		bi'u/	bod	im	bim/bin	bēon/be		phu-	bhū		bu			bi/bud	fui/futuros			byti	być	byt'
es-	to be	është/âsht	asa		ē		esti/				ist	ist/ist	is/is	es	esti	asti			asti		astiy/ast	est		sent	jesti	jest	est'	s.e/s.ei
g'enə-	to give birth						gentis/	geno-	ro-genar/	geni	kuni	kind/Kind	cyn/kin	kind	genos/genesis	jajana		zut	zanaite		zadan	genus					zjat'				cin	zenis
g^weiə-	to live	me jetu					gyvoti/dzīvot	bitu	bethu/bethu	byd		quec/keck	cwic/quick	kvikr	zoion; bios	jivati					jīvah/	vivere			žiti	żyć	žit'
bheud-	to wake						budeti/		buide/			biotan/bieten	bēodan/bid	bod	pepusmai	budhyate/budhas		bidi	buidyeti		bidar				bljudo	budzić	budit'
pneu-	to breathe													fnysa	pneuma	praneu
kwas-	to cough	kollje					koseti		casad			/husten		hósta		kasate		kâsa								kaszleć	kašljat'
smei-	to laugh						smaidit		miad/			smierōn/schmieren	smēarcian/smirk		meidos	smayate						co(s)mis			smejo	śmiać się	smejat'	smi-
prai-	to like						prieks			rhydd	frijja	friunt/Freund	frēond/friend	frændi	praos	priyas			frya						prijati	przyjaźnić się	prijat'
leubh-	to love	laps					liaupse/					liubōn/lieben	lufian/love	ljúfr		lubhyati						libido			l'ubu	lubić	lubit'
eibh-	to copulate											eiba/--			oibu	yabhati										jebać	ebat'			oibalos
sneubh-	to woo														numphios							nubere			snubiti		snubit'
g'eme-	to marry				amusnanal										dzamos	jamatar			zamatar		damad
ed-	to eat		eidmi		utel/udel	ist	ėsti/ēst		esse/		itan	ezzan/essen	etan/eat	eta	edō	admi/átti			ad			edō	edum		jastĭ	jeść	jest’	/yesti			esko-
gwreugh-	to bite	me gicë			xajt'el					brwyn	kriustan											grauzti				gryźć	gryzt'
poi-	to drink	pi							/ibim						pio	payate/pitis						bibo				pić	pit'ë
leig'h-	to lick	lëpij			luzel				ligim/			lecchōn/lecken	liccian/lick	sleikja	leikhein	ledhi		liza			lis	lingere				lizać	lizat'
sp(y)eu-	to spit						spiauti/				spiewan	spīwan/speien	spīwan/spew	spýja	ptuein							spuere			pljuju
reug-	to vomit				vorcam/vordzam		riaugti/raugietis					rouhhan/rauchen; rouh/Rauch	rēocan/reek; rēc/reek	reykja; reykr	ereugomai						/āroġ	rūctāre				rzygać	rygat'
wem-	to vomit						vemiu/							væma	emein	vamati			vam-			vomere
perd-	to fart	pjerth-pordh					per(d)sti					ferzan/furzen	fēortan/fart	freta	perdein	pardate										pierdzieć	perdet'				perdomai
dhrei-	to defecate						derkti							drita	dardainei							foria					dristat'
meigh-	to urinate				mizel		mizti				maihstus		māsc/mash	miga	omeihein	mehati			maezati								mezga	--/miśo
dre(m)-	to sleep				tartam/dardam										darthanō/--	drayati						dormiō				drzemać	dremat'
suergh-	to be ill						sergu		serg/		saurga	sorgōn/sorgen; sorga/Sorge	sorgian/sorrow; sorg/sorrow	syrgja; sorg		surksati									sraga
mer-	to die				mer.nil		mirti	marvos	marb/	marw	maúrþrjan; maurþs	mordan/ermorden; mord/Mord	myrþrian/murder; morþor/murder	myrða; morð	emorten	marati		mr.e	miryeite	maryn/--	martahyā/mordan	morior; mortuus			mrutvu	umrzeć	meret'
magh-	to be able						magus					mugan/mögen; maht/Macht	magan/may; meaht/might	mega; máttr					magus						mogti	mogę
weid-	to see-> to know				gitem/kidem						witan; weis	wizzan/wissen; wīs/weise	witan/wit; wīs/wise	vita; víss		veda	vūčhūn		vaeda		vida/hodeida/peida	videre				widzieć	vedat'				wit
g'en-	to know	njeh	kanes		canot'/dzanot'		žinoti		/gnath		kunnan	kunnan/kennen	cnāwan/know	kenna	gignōmi	jñā-	zānun		adana	zon/	xšnasatiy/	cognoscō			znati		znat'	knān-/nān-
werə-	to speak		ueria				vardas				waurd	wort/Wort	word/word	orð	eiro	vrata			urvata			verbum					vrat'
k'leu-	to hear						slave	clu			hliuþ	hlūt/laut	hlūd/loud	hljóð	kleos/Hēraklēs	cravas			sravah			clarus					slovo	klyos		cleves
nem-	to count						nuoma/		nem/		niman	neman/nehmen	niman; nome/numb	nema	nemō							numerus
med-	to advise				mit/mid			meddu					æmtig/empty	meta	medousa	masti						meditor
gebh-	to have						gabenti	gabi			giban	geban/geben	ġiefan/give	gefa								habere			gobina
aug-	to increase						augti/augu				aukan	ouhhon/auch	eacan/eke	auka	auksanō	ugras						augēre						ok-/auk-
dhe-	to set, put		dai-				deti	dede			gadeths	tuon/tun	dōn/do	dalidun	tithenai/	dadhati			dadaiti		ada/	facere		fakust		dziac'	delat'				dak-
do-	to give	dhashë	da	da-	tal/dal	dátweí	duoti	doenti	tabur/tabhair						doron	dadati	dī				dadātuv/dādan	dare		dida	dati	dać	dat'				dadón
lau-	to acquire								luag/		laun				laia/leia	lotram						lucrum					lovit'
mei-n-	to change						mainas		moin/		gamains	gimeini/gemein	gemæne/mean			menis						munus					menjat'
kwrei-	to buy				gnel/knel		krienis		crenim/	prynn					priasthai	krīn.āti												kuryar/käry-
k'lep-	to steal				goġnal/koġnal	auklipts	slepti		cluain		hlifan	/klauen			klepto							clepo
leugh-	to tell a lie						lugoti				liugan	liogan/lügen	lēogan/lie	ljúga													lgat'
mei-	to deceive	mashtrim					maju								mimos	mayate											majat'
dhreugh-	to deceive											troum/Traum	drēam/dream	daumr; draugr		druhyati			druzaiti		dorugh
gang-	to mock											canc			gaggainein	ganjah											gugnja
ghleu-	to joke						glauda						glēo/glee	gleyma	hleun												glupyj
(s)tai-	to hide		tajezzi						taid/						tetao	stayat			tayu-								tait'
dhers-	to dare					dyrsos						giturran/--	deorran/dare		thrasos	dharsanah					darš-/				druzate		derzkij
wedh-	to lead	vjeth			varel		vedu		/fedim				weddian/wed			vadhus			vadu								vedu
weg'h-	to ride	vjez										wegan/wiegen	wegan/weigh	vega		vahati			vazaiti			veho/vezti					vezti
bher-	to bear	bie			berel/perel		baras		beirem/berim/brith		bairan	beran/gebären; burdin/Bürde	beran/bear; byrþen/burden	bera	pherō	bharati		bor	baraiti		baratuv/bār; --/bordan	fero		fertu	berati		beru	pär-			ber
stā-	to stand						stoti	sistat			standan	stantan/stehen	standan/stand	standa					staya		ista	sto		stahu		stać	stat'				eistani
k'lei-	to lean				linim		kletis/slieti	cle				linên/lehnen	hleonian/lean		klinē	srayati			srinu-			clino					klet'/sloj
sed -	to sit							sedlon			sitan	sezzal/; sizzan/sitzen	sittan/sit	sitja	ella							sella				siedzień	sedlo/selo
leg'h-	to lie down							lega'	laigim/lige		ligan	liggan/liegen	licgan/lie	liggja	lexos; lekhesthai							lectus			lego	leżeć	lejat'
ei-	to go						eiti	eimu			iddja		eode/--		eimi	eti		ie	aeiti		ai/bia	ire		ier			idti	i-
g^wem-	to come				gal/kal						qiman	queman/kommen	cuman/come			gamat		âca	jamaiti		gam	venio						kum-/käm-
leik^w-	to leave				lkel/lgel		liekas		leicid/		leihwan	līhan/leihen			leipo							linguo
dra-	to flee				trel/drel		drebeti					trappel			dromos	drati/dramati											drapat'			drava
k'ers-	to run				kark/garg			carros							epikouros/sarsai							curro/cursus
pleu-	to flow						plauti					flowen/fließen	flēogan/fly		pleusis	plavate						pulmo					plavat'
preu-	to jump											frowen/Freude; frosc/Frosch	frocga/frog			pravate											prygat'
suep-	to throw						supuoti									svapu/vapati						supare/dissipare					sypat'
leug'-	to break	lungë			lucanel/ludzanel		lauzti		lucht/			luke			lugros	rujati			uruxti			lugere
tere-	to cross over	shtir	tarhzi								þairh	duruh/durch	þurh/through		terthron-nektar	tarati/avatar		târa				terminus					čerez
sek^w-	to follow						sekti		sechim/				secg/--	seggr		sacate			hacaiti			sequor
ap-	to reach		apanzi		ap/ab										apto	aptah			apayeiti			apex						oppacci
au-	to help				aviun			Awo			ewyll					avati/avitar-			aoman/avah-								aukat'	aulare
pet-	to open arms		pattar				petys					fadam/Faden	fæðm/fathom		petalon				patana			patere
dhegwh-	to burn	djek					degti/degt	dagis	daig/		dags	tag/Tag	dæġ/day	dagr	tephra	dahati			dažaiti						žešti	żgę	dëgot'/žget	tsäk/tsäk
tau-	to melt				tanam/danam			tawdd	tam/	tawadd		douwen/tauen	þawian/thaw	þeyja	tēkō	toyam				thayun		tabere			tajati		tayat'
steg-	to cover						stiegti		tech/		þakjan; þak	decchann/decken; dah/Dach	þeċċean/thatch; þæc/thatch	þekja; þak	stegō	sthagati						tegere/toga/tectum					stog
areg-	to lock		hark		argel/arkel	arkan					arka				argella	argala						arcere						--/ārk-
gerbh-	to scratch	gërvish			kerel/gerel	girbin						kerban/kerben	ċeorfan/carve		grapho/grammo; graphein												žrebij
orbho-	work		arpa-		orb/orp			orbe	orbe/			arabeit/Arbeit	earfoð/--		orphanos	arbha						orbus			rabu	robota	rabota
se-	to sow						semens/seti	saithe			saian	sāen/säen	sāwan/sow	sa								semen/serere			sejati		seyat'/semja
are-	to plow				araur		arti	airim		arddu	arjan		erian/--	arþr	arou							aro			orja	orać	orat'	are
bhel-	to bloom								blath/		bloma	bluomo/Blume	blōma/bloom; blōstm/blossom	blómi	phyllon							folium; flōs/flōris						pält/pilta
kerp-	to pluck						sirpis					herbist/Herbst	hærfest/harvest	haust	karpos/arpagē							carpere/sarpio					serp
neik-	to winnow						niekoti	nithio							neiklon
mele-	to grind	miell	malla-		malem		malu	melim	melim/meilim	malu	malan	malan/mahlen	melo/meal	mala	mulos							molere		kumaltu			melju	malyw-/mely-
g^when-	to press	gjanj	kwen		gan/kan		ginti/dzit		gonim/			gundfano/--	gūþ/--	gunnr	theino/phonos	hanti			jainti		ajanam/	dēfendō					gnat'
deme-	to tame		damaazzi						damnaim/		tamjan; tams	zamōn/zähmen; zam/zahm	temian/tame; tam/tame	temja; tamr	damnanai	damyati			dam			domare
pas-	to protect		pahhsi								fodjan; fodeins	fuotan/--; fuotar/Futter	fēdan/feed; fōda/food; fōdor/fodder	fǫða; fóðr	apastos	pacyati						pastum					pasti	pask
sne-	to spin						snate		snáthe/snáth		neþla	nādala/Nadel	nædl/needle		neo/nema	snayati						nere					snovat'/osnova
teks-	to weave						tukstet					duhen/--			tikos							textile					tkat'
syu-	to sew						siūti/šūt				siujan	siuwan/--	seowian/sew	syja	humēn	syutas						suere				szyć	šit'
rezg-	to plait						rezgis						rysce/rush			rajju						restis					rozga
eu-	to dress				aganum/akanum		auti/aviu									aotra						exuo/induo					obuv'
neigw-	to rinse								nigid/			nix		nikr	nidzo	nenekti						noegeum
loua-	to wash		lauzi		loganam/lokanam			lautro	loathar/			louga/Lauge	lēag/lye; lēðran/lather;	laug	louein							lavare
dheig'h-	to mold							tais				teig/Teig	dāg/dough		teichos	dehah						fingere					testo
pek^w-	to cook	pjek						poeth							pepsis	pacati		puk									pech	päk-
kuep-	to boil	kapitem					kupuoti							hvap	kapnos	kupyati						cupere					kipet'	kāp-
ked-	to fume						kadegis								kedros	kadrum											kadit'
ongw-	to anoint				aucanem/audzanem			amenen				ancho				anakti						unguo
wegwh-	to vow				yuzem										eihomai	vaghat			vaganti			vovere
prek'-	to ask						prasyti				fraihnan	fragōn/fragen; frāga/Frage	friġnan/--; fræġn/--	fregna		pracnas			frasa		pursīdan	precor			prositi		prosit'	prak/pärk
gwer-	to praise	grish				girtwei	girti/dzirt		bard/bárd	bardd						gr.nāti						grātēs					žrec	krant-/krent-
ghwen-	to sound	zeh			jain/čain																						zvenet'
swonos-	sound											swan/Schwan	swan/swan	svanr		svanas						sonus				dźwięk
k'wei-	to whistle						svyksti						hvinan/whistle	hvina													svist
kan-	to sing								canim/	canu	hana	hano/Hahn; henna/Henne	henn/hen		kanaso							cano					kanyuk	kan
leig-	to dance						laigyti		loig/		laiks	leich/	lāc/--	leikr	ligaino	rejati					lizim (Kurdish)						likovat'
wes-	to feast		uesi					gwest				wist/				vastoh			vastra			vescor
serpe-	to creep	gjarpër													herpō	sr.p	so.rūph					serpō
g^when-	to strike, to kill										banja	bana/--	bana/bane	bani		han					/zahr	dēfendere
webh-	to weave											weban/weben	wefan/weave	vefa	huphē	ubhnati					baftan/
wek^w-	to speak					wackis						/erwähnen			ops	vacas			vac-			vōx						vak/vek
wē-	to blow		huwantis				vejas/		feth/	gwynt	waian	wint/Wind; wetar/Wetter; waian/wehen	wind/wind; weder/weather; wāwan/--	vindr; veðr	aemi	vā-			vata			ventus			vejati
wet-	to blow, inspire												Wōden/Wednesday	Ōðinn	Wuotan/Wotan/atmos				fáith/			vennus
tong-	to think	thangë									þangkjan	denken/denken	þencan/think	þekkja								tongēo	tanginúd					tunk/tankw
srobh-	to gulp	gjerbë			arbi/arpi				srub						rhopeō							sorbēo
bhlē-	to bleat	blegë					/blēt						blætan/bleat		belazō							fleō					blejat'
saus-	to dry	tha				sausā	sausa/saus					sōrēn/--	sēar/sear		hauos/	śus.yati			haoš		uška/xošk	sūdus					suxoj

Adjectives[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Kashmiri (Dardic)	Kamviri (Nuristani)	Avestan	Ossetian	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Illyrian	Phrygian	Thracian
		Albanian	Anatolian	Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian						Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
meg'-	great	madh	mekkish	mec/medz			maige			mikils	mihhill/--	micil/much	mikill	megas	mahas			mazant			magnus						māk/mākā		mag	meka-
mei-	small		meiu-							mins	/minder	minsian/--	minnr	meiōn							minor					men'še
wesu-	good		wasu			vesels	uesu								vasu			vanhu								vesëlyj	yasi		ves	vasu
dus-	bad									tuz-	zur-/--			dys-	dus-					duš-/
kailo-	sane						coilou/coel			hailags	heilag/heilig	hālig/holy	heilagr	koilu							salvis					tselyĭ
kal-	handsome											hælþ/health		kallos	kalya
k'wen-	holy					sventas				hunsl								spanyah							święty	svatoj
upo-s	high						uxello	/uas	uchel					hypsi							uxellus					vysokij
dheub-	deep					dubos	dubno-			diups	tiof/tief	deop/deep; dyfan/dive	diupr	buthos												duplo			dubris
sen-	old			hin		senas	sen		hen	sineigs			sina	enos	sana			hana			senex
newo-	new		newa	nor	nauns	naujas/	Nevio-	nue/	newydd	niujis	niuwi/neu	nīwe/new	nýr	neos	navas	nōv	nuĩ	nava	nog/	/now	novus	Nuvellum		novu	nowy	novyj	ñu/ñuwe
nu-	now	tani	nu		teinu	nu/nu				nu	nū/nun	nū/now	nū	nu/	nū					nūra/	nunc			nu			num./nano
yeu-	young					jaunas/jauns	Jovinc-	óac/óg	ieuanc/ieuanc	juggs	jung/jung	ġeong/young	ungr		yunas			yavan		javan	juvenis		iuengar	junu		junyj
weg'-	lively									wakan	wahhen/wachen	wacan/wake	vaka		vajayati			vazram			vegeo						wasir
las-	eager					loksnus				lustus	lust/Lust	lust/lust	lyst	lilaiomai	lasati						lascivus					laska
gal-	naked					gale/galva					kalo/kahl	calu/callow						kaurva		kal/kacal	calvus			glava	goły; głowa	golyj; golova
nogw-	naked		nekumant-			nuogas		nocht/		naqaþs	nackut/nackt	nacod/naked	nakinn	gumnos	nagna						nudus			nagu-	nagi	nagoj
bhosos	barefoot			bok/pog		basas/bass					bar/bar	bær/bare	berr	psilos											boso	bosoj
aig-	sick					ingas/angus							eikenn								aeger					jaga	aikare
kaiko-	one-eyed					keikti	cuic			haihs				kaikias	kekara						caecus
ster-	sterile	shtjerre		sterj/sderč							stero/			steira							sterilis
dek's-	right	djathtë				desine	dexs		de		zeso/							dasina			dexter		destrame	desnaya
layuo-	left					islaivoti						lyft/left		laios							laevus				lewy	levyj			levo
sewio-	left								aswy						savyas			haoya						shuja			--/saiwai
dheb-	fat				debīkan																					debelyj	tpär/täpr
pasto-	solid			hast/hasd						fastan	festi/fest	fæst/fast	fastr		pastyam
bheng'h	thick		panku			pinguis					bungo/			naxos	bahu			bazah									pkante
tenu-	thin						teneu				dunni/dünn	þynne/thin	þunnr	tanus	tanus						tenuis/tevas				cienki	tonkij
dlonghos-	long	gjatë	dalugaes			ilgas	dala/loggos			laggs	lang/lang	lang/long	langr	dolikhos	dirghas			dargam		darga-/dirang	longus				długi	dolgij
mreg'hu-	short										mergi/--	mirige/merry		brahea				muruzu-			brevis
ang'h-	narrow			anjuk/ančug			eang			aggwus	engi/eng		ongr	agho	ahema			azanhe								vjazat'
g^werə-	heavy					gursti						cweorn/quern	kvern	baros	guruh			gouruh		gran	gravis						krāmärts/krāmär
leng^wh-	lightweight	lehtë			lāngiseilingins	lengva/liegs		lugu/lugha	llai	līhts	līht/leicht	lēoht/light	lēttr	elakhistos	laghu			ragu			levis			liguku		lëgkij	lankŭtse
ok'us	quick								dioc					okos	āśu-			āsu			ōcior					jastreb
bheres-	lively					bruzgus	brys														festino					borzoj
toros	loud		tar-	pardzradzajn/barcracajn		tariu	taran	/torann						toros	taras											taratorit'
kwei-	quiet									hveila	hwila/Weile	hwil/while	hvila		ciram			syata-		šiyatish/	quies/tranquillus			pokoji		pokoy
k'leu-	clean					šluoti/slaumi	Cluad		clir		hlūttar/lauter	hlūttor/		kludōn						sareh	cloāca					sleza
swād-	sweet						suadu				swuozi/süss	swēte/sweet	sœtr	hēdus				xvaēda		xosh	suavis				słodki
kuath-	sour	cos				kusuls				hatho					kvathas						caseus				kwaśny	kvas
om-	bitter			hum		amuols					/ahm	ampre/		omos	amlam						amarus
ak'r-	sharp					asrus/akstis				ahs				akros	asrih						acer					ostr/ost'
gel-	cold					saltas				klads	kalt/kalt	ċeald/cold	kaldr	gelandron				sald		sard	gelus	gelan		hlad	chłód	xolodnyj
gh^wer-	warm	zjarr	war-	jerm/čerm	goro	garas/gars		fogeir/			warm/warm	wearm/warm; bearnan/burn	brenna	thermos	ghr.n.a-;gharmi	germi		garəma		garma/garm	furnus; formus; fornāx			varu; variti		požar				germe	germas
g'heu-d	liquid			gijoy/kičoy						giutan	giozan/gießen	ġēotan/--; guttas/gut	gjóta	hota/deisa	hutas/juhoti											židkij
melk-	wet->milk					malkas		melg/		miluks	miluh/Milch	meolc/milk	mjolk	melkion	marjati						mulceo			mleko		moloko	malk-/mälk
plāk-	flat										/flach	/fluke		plas/pelagos							plancus				płaski	ploskij

Colours[edit]

Root	Meaning	Albanian	Hittite	Lycian	Armenian	Old Prussian	Lithuanian/Latvian	Gaulish	Irish	Welsh	Gothic	German	English	Old Norse	Greek	Sanskrit	Avestan	Persian	Latin	Oscan	Umbrian	Old Church Slavonic	Polish	Russian	Tocharian	Dacian	Illyrian	Phrygian	Thracian
		Albanian	Anatolian		Armenian	Baltic		Celtic			Germanic				Hellenic	Indo-Iranian			Italic			Slavic			Tocharian	Other
reudh-	red						raudonas/ruds	roudo-	ruad/	rhudd	rauþs	rōt/rot	rēad/red	rjōðr	eruthros	rudhiras	raoðita	vard	ruber	Rufriis	rufru			rdet'	rtär/ratre
albho-	white		alpas	alb-						elfydd		Alpen	ælf/elf	alfr	alphos				albus		alfu			lebed'
bhel-	light, bright	ballë			bal/pal	ballo	baltas/balts	Bellenos	beltene/bealtaine	bal		bleich/bleich	blæcan/bleach; blæc/black	bāl	bala/phalos	bhālam			flagrare				biały	bely/belyj			balta	falos	balios
arg'-	white, shine		harki-		arcath			arganto	arget/airgead	ariant			eorcnan/--		erchan/--/argos	arjuna	arazata	roxan/roshan	arguō	aragetud					ārki/arkwi			arg	arzas
g'hel-	green	dhelpër					žalias/zaļš		gel/gealach	glan		gelo/gelb	geolu/yellow	gulr	khlōros				helvus				zielony	zelënyj				zelkia
k'as-n	gray->hare					sasins				ceinach		haso/Hase	hara/hare	heri		kasas			cānus					sosna
k'erbero-	piebald						kirba		corbaim/						kerberos	sarvarah/cabalas		gur						sobol'
tem-	dark	terr					tamsa		temel/			demar/				tamas	tamah		tenebrai				ciemny	temen'

The following unrecognized language codes were encountered:

Code	Occurances
Af	1
Blg	1
Gl	1
NI	3
OI	1
OR	2
OS	2
Pe	1
Sc	1
Sg	1
Sk	2
Sl	1
Thr	1