WFF 'N PROOF
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2017) |
WFF 'N PROOF is a game of modern logic, developed to teach principles of symbolic logic. It was developed by Layman E. Allen in 1962[1][2] a former professor of Yale Law School and the University of Michigan.
Rules
In the game, players must be able to recognize a "well-formed formula" (WFF) in Łukasiewicz notation, and to and use rules of logic to manipulate those WFFs into a proof.[1] Games are played in groups of two or three. The first player rolls the cubes and sets a WFF as a Goal. The goal is the conclusion of a proof. Each player then tries to construct a proof that ends with the goal. The Solution to the goal is the Premises which they started their proof with, and the Rules they used to get to the Goal.
Players take turns moving to the Essentials, Permitted Premises, or Permitted Rules sections of the mat. Any cube moved to Essentials must be used in any Solution, and must be an essential part of that solution; any cube in Permitted Premises may be used as part of a premise; any cube in Permitted Rules may be used as part of a Rule. Thus the players themselves shape the Solution, forcing one another to create new Solutions in response to moves.
At any point a player may challenge the last mover, if they feel the last mover has made a mistake. There are three types of Challenges. A-Flub means that the Challenger can make a Solution using the cubes in Required and Permitted and one more cube from Resources. P-Flub, or Challenge Impossible means the player believes the Mover cannot make a Solution using the cubes in Required, Permitted, and Resources. C-A-Flub means that the Challenger believes that the Mover, or some previous mover, missed an A-Flub. After a challenge, at least one player must show a correct Solution on paper.
The scoring goes like this:
The player who wins the challenge scores 10 points.
The loser of the challenge scores 6.
If there is a third player, he must side with or against the Challenger and scores points depending upon that decision.
Name
The name is a play on Whiffenpoofs, an a capella singing group established at Yale University in 1909.[citation needed]
See also
References
- ^ a b Kennedy, John (August 1982). "RPN Perspective". PPC Calculator Journal. 9 (5). Mathematics Department, Santa Monica College, Santa Monica, California, USA: 2. Archived from the original on 2022-07-01. Retrieved 2022-07-02. (12 pages)
- ^ Ehrenberg, Rachel (Spring 2002). "He's Positively Logical - Law Prof. Layman Allen develops mind games for kids—and you". Michigan Today. Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA: University of Michigan. Archived from the original on 2009-02-08. Retrieved 2008-08-31.
Further reading
- Allen, Layman E. (1975) [1962, 1966, 1970]. Wff 'n proof: the game of modern logic. Games for Thinkers. New Haven, Connecticut, USA: Autotelic Instructional Materials. OCLC 2970137.
- "WFF 'N PROOF: The Game of Modern Logic". National Museum of American History. 2014. Archived from the original on 2022-07-03. Retrieved 2022-07-03.
External links
- "WFF 'N PROOF: The Game of Modern Logic". Games For Thinkers. 2018. Archived from the original on 2022-07-03. Retrieved 2022-07-03.