Parliament of Scholars: Difference between revisions
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'''Parliament of Scholars'''<ref name="Macedo1999">{{cite book|author=Stephen Macedo|title=Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y2RMCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT91|date=26 August 1999|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-19-028511-1|pages=91–}}</ref> ({{zh|c=学者议会<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303299745_rujiade_dexing_-_li_-_zhengzhi_moshi_---_jinburuxueshijiaoxiadezhengzhizhexue|title=The Confucian Virtue–Ritual–Politics Model: Progressive Confucianism's Perspective on Political Philosophy|author=Stephen C． Angle|date=15 January 2014|accessdate=|work=[[ResearchGate]]}}</ref>}}) is a term used by [[William Theodore de Bary]]<ref name="Bell2000">{{cite book|author=Daniel A. Bell|title=East Meets West: Human Rights and Democracy in East Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lR_5Shx8y90C&pg=PA305|date=8 May 2000|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|isbn=1-4008-2355-2|pages=305–}}</ref> in his translation of [[Huang Zongxi]]'s ''[[Waiting for the Dawn (book)|Waiting for the Dawn]]'', <ref name="Bell2009">{{cite book|author=Daniel A. Bell|title=Beyond Liberal Democracy: Political Thinking for an East Asian Context|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eowWZSvloqcC&pg=PA164|date=10 January 2009|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|isbn=1-4008-2746-9|pages=164–}}</ref> and [[Daniel A. Bell]] translated this term into "House of Scholars", <ref name="Asian Democracy">{{cite web |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB858191276340899000|title=An Asian Democracy For the 21st Century|author=Daniel A. Bell|date=March 13, 1997|accessdate=|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> which was later called the ''Xianshiyuan''<ref name="BellLi2013">{{cite book|author1=Daniel A. Bell|author2=Chenyang Li|title=The East Asian Challenge for Democracy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4dE0AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA69|date=12 August 2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-03839-4|pages=69–}}</ref> ( |
'''Parliament of Scholars'''<ref name="Macedo1999">{{cite book|author=Stephen Macedo|title=Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y2RMCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT91|date=26 August 1999|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=978-0-19-028511-1|pages=91–}}</ref> ({{zh|c=学者议会<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303299745_rujiade_dexing_-_li_-_zhengzhi_moshi_---_jinburuxueshijiaoxiadezhengzhizhexue|title=The Confucian Virtue–Ritual–Politics Model: Progressive Confucianism's Perspective on Political Philosophy|author=Stephen C． Angle|date=15 January 2014|accessdate=|work=[[ResearchGate]]}}</ref>}}) is a term used by [[William Theodore de Bary]]<ref name="Bell2000">{{cite book|author=Daniel A. Bell|title=East Meets West: Human Rights and Democracy in East Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lR_5Shx8y90C&pg=PA305|date=8 May 2000|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|isbn=1-4008-2355-2|pages=305–}}</ref> in his translation of [[Huang Zongxi]]'s ''[[Waiting for the Dawn (book)|Waiting for the Dawn]]'', <ref name="Bell2009">{{cite book|author=Daniel A. Bell|title=Beyond Liberal Democracy: Political Thinking for an East Asian Context|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eowWZSvloqcC&pg=PA164|date=10 January 2009|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|isbn=1-4008-2746-9|pages=164–}}</ref> and [[Daniel A. Bell]] translated this term into "House of Scholars", <ref name="Asian Democracy">{{cite web |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB858191276340899000|title=An Asian Democracy For the 21st Century|author=Daniel A. Bell|date=March 13, 1997|accessdate=|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> which was later called the ''Xianshiyuan''<ref name="BellLi2013">{{cite book|author1=Daniel A. Bell|author2=Chenyang Li|title=The East Asian Challenge for Democracy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4dE0AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA69|date=12 August 2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-03839-4|pages=69–}}</ref> (literally, "House of Virtue and Talent").<ref name="LeibHe2006">{{cite book|author1=E. Leib|author2=B. He|title=The Search for Deliberative Democracy in China|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P2yHDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA11|date=2 October 2006|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-312-37615-4|pages=11–}}</ref> |
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The proposal to establish a "Parliament of Scholars", which is a Confucian upper house, was first put forward by Huang Zongxi.<ref name="Foong1999">{{cite book|author=Wai Fong Foong|title=The New Asian Way: Rebuilding Asia Through Self-reliance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i7SzAAAAIAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Pelanduk Publications|isbn=978-967-978-692-7|pages=255–}}</ref> It is made up of representatives elected on the basis of competitive examinations from the Confucian classics, among other things.<ref name="Kim2016">{{cite book|author=Sungmoon Kim|title=Public Reason Confucianism: Democratic Perfectionism and Constitutionalism in East Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DsPgCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA5|date=21 April 2016|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-1-107-10622-2|pages=5–}}</ref> |
The proposal to establish a "Parliament of Scholars", which is a Confucian upper house, was first put forward by Huang Zongxi.<ref name="Foong1999">{{cite book|author=Wai Fong Foong|title=The New Asian Way: Rebuilding Asia Through Self-reliance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i7SzAAAAIAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Pelanduk Publications|isbn=978-967-978-692-7|pages=255–}}</ref> It is made up of representatives elected on the basis of competitive examinations from the Confucian classics, among other things.<ref name="Kim2016">{{cite book|author=Sungmoon Kim|title=Public Reason Confucianism: Democratic Perfectionism and Constitutionalism in East Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DsPgCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA5|date=21 April 2016|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-1-107-10622-2|pages=5–}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 15:32, 3 May 2021
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| Coined by | Huang Zongxi |
|---|---|
| Origin | Waiting for the Dawn |
| Translator | William Theodore de Bary |
| Essence | Confucian upper house |
Parliament of Scholars[1] (Chinese: 学者议会[2]) is a term used by William Theodore de Bary[3] in his translation of Huang Zongxi's Waiting for the Dawn, [4] and Daniel A. Bell translated this term into "House of Scholars", [5] which was later called the Xianshiyuan[6] (literally, "House of Virtue and Talent").[7]
The proposal to establish a "Parliament of Scholars", which is a Confucian upper house, was first put forward by Huang Zongxi.[8] It is made up of representatives elected on the basis of competitive examinations from the Confucian classics, among other things.[9]
Evaluation
A Chinese scholar argued that Huang Zongxi's proposal for a Parliament of Scholars was only one step away from the modern representative system.[10]
References
- ^ Stephen Macedo (26 August 1999). Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement. Oxford University Press. pp. 91–. ISBN 978-0-19-028511-1.
- ^ Stephen C． Angle (15 January 2014). "The Confucian Virtue–Ritual–Politics Model: Progressive Confucianism's Perspective on Political Philosophy". ResearchGate.
- ^ Daniel A. Bell (8 May 2000). East Meets West: Human Rights and Democracy in East Asia. Princeton University Press. pp. 305–. ISBN 1-4008-2355-2.
- ^ Daniel A. Bell (10 January 2009). Beyond Liberal Democracy: Political Thinking for an East Asian Context. Princeton University Press. pp. 164–. ISBN 1-4008-2746-9.
- ^ Daniel A. Bell (March 13, 1997). "An Asian Democracy For the 21st Century". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ Daniel A. Bell; Chenyang Li (12 August 2013). The East Asian Challenge for Democracy. Cambridge University Press. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-1-107-03839-4.
- ^ E. Leib; B. He (2 October 2006). The Search for Deliberative Democracy in China. Springer. pp. 11–. ISBN 978-0-312-37615-4.
- ^ Wai Fong Foong (1999). The New Asian Way: Rebuilding Asia Through Self-reliance. Pelanduk Publications. pp. 255–. ISBN 978-967-978-692-7.
- ^ Sungmoon Kim (21 April 2016). Public Reason Confucianism: Democratic Perfectionism and Constitutionalism in East Asia. Cambridge University Press. pp. 5–. ISBN 978-1-107-10622-2.
- ^ Xia Yong (22 June 2011). The Philosophy of Civil Rights in the Context of China. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 128–. ISBN 90-04-19599-8.