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* {{cite book| authors=Backwell, L. R., Huchet, J.-B., du Guesclin Harrison, J. and d’Errico, F. |date=2021 |chapter=Invertebrate modification of bone |title=Manual of Forensic Taphonomy |editor=J. T. Pokines and S. A. Symes |publisher=CRC Press |location=Boca Raton, FL}}
* {{cite book| authors=Backwell, L. R., Huchet, J.-B., du Guesclin Harrison, J. and d’Errico, F. |date=2021 |chapter=Invertebrate modification of bone |title=Manual of Forensic Taphonomy |editor=J. T. Pokines and S. A. Symes |publisher=CRC Press |location=Boca Raton, FL}}
* {{cite book| authors=Backwell, L., d’Errico, F., de la Pena, P., Wadley, L. |chapter=Border Cave, South Africa. |title=Handbook of Pleistocene Archaeology of Africa: Hominin behavior, geography, and chronology. |editor=D. Olszewski, D. Wright, J. Wilkins, A. Bouzouggar, A. Beyin |publisher=Springer |location=The Netherlands}}
* {{cite book| authors=Backwell, L., d’Errico, F., de la Pena, P., Wadley, L. |chapter=Border Cave, South Africa. |title=Handbook of Pleistocene Archaeology of Africa: Hominin behavior, geography, and chronology. |editor=D. Olszewski, D. Wright, J. Wilkins, A. Bouzouggar, A. Beyin |publisher=Springer |location=The Netherlands}}
* Backwell, L.R. & d’Errico, F. 2016. Osseous projectile weaponry from Early – Late Middle Stone Age Africa. In M.C. Langley (Ed.), ''Osseous Projectile Weaponry. Towards an Understanding of Pleistocene Cultural Variability''. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer, pp. 15-29.
* {{cite book |authors=Backwell, L.R. & d’Errico, F. |date=2016 |chapter=Osseous projectile weaponry from Early – Late Middle Stone Age Africa |editor=M.C. Langley |title=Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology - Osseous Projectile Weaponry | publisher=Springer Netherlands | publication-place=Dordrecht | year=2016 | isbn=978-94-024-0897-3 | issn=1877-9077 | doi=10.1007/978-94-024-0899-7}}
* Backwell, L.R. & d’Errico, F. 2014. Palaeolithic bone tools. In C. Smith (Ed.) ''Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology'', Vol. 2. Springer, New York, pp. 950-962. Print: {{ISBN|978-1-4419-0426-3}}; Online: {{ISBN|978-1-4419-0465-2}}
* {{cite book| authors=Backwell, L.R. & d’Errico, F. |date=2014 |chapter=Palaeolithic bone tools |editor=C. Smith |title=Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology |volume=2 | publisher=Springer Reference | publication-place=New York | year=2014 | isbn=978-1-4419-0465-2 | oclc=870899596}}
* Caruana, M., d’Errico, F., Backwell, L.R. 2013. Early hominin social learning strategies underlying the use and production of bone and stone tools. In: C. Sanz, C. Boesch, J. Call (Eds.). ''Tool Use in Animals: Cognition and Ecology''. Cambridge University Press, pp. 242-285.
* {{cite book |authors=Caruana, M., d’Errico, F., Backwell, L.R. |date=2013 |chapter=Early hominin social learning strategies underlying the use and production of bone and stone tools. |editor=C. Sanz, C. Boesch, J. Call |title=Tool Use in Animals: Cognition and Ecology |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=242-285}}
* d’Errico, F. & Backwell, L.R. 2007. From Swartkrans to Arcy-sur-Cure. The use of bone tools in the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic. In E. Baquedano (Ed.), ''El Universo Neanderthal. Fundacion Duques de Soria'', Spain, pp. 101-143. {{ISBN|978-84-95803-56-6}} {{oclc|433357391}}
* {{cite book |authors=d’Errico, F. & Backwell, L.R. |date=2007 |chapter=From Swartkrans to Arcy-sur-Cure. The use of bone tools in the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic. |editor=E. Baquedano |title=El Universo Neanderthal. Fundacion Duques de Soria |trans-title=The Neanderthal Universe. Foundation Dukes de Soria |publisher= Ibersaf| location=Madrid, Spain |pages=101-143 |ISBN=978-84-95803-56-6 |oclc=433357391}}


=== Research reports ===
=== Research reports ===

Revision as of 14:50, 6 July 2021

Lucinda Ruth Backwell
Born(1966-09-02)September 2, 1966
NationalitySouth Africa
Alma materPhD, Msc University of the Witwatersrand
University of Bordeaux
Scientific career
FieldsPaleoanthropology, archaeology
InstitutionsUniversity of the Witwatersrand
ThesisEarly Hominid Bone Tool Industries (2004)
Doctoral advisorLee Berger
Francesco d'Errico
Websitewww.lucindabackwell.com

Lucinda Backwell (born 1966) is an archaeologist and a member of the Academy of Science of South Africa.[1] She obtained her MSc in palaeoanthropology (cum laude) from the University of the Witwatersrand Medical School in 2000. Her PhD in palaeoanthropology was awarded in 2004, making her the first South African woman to be awarded a PhD in palaeoanthropology at a local institution.[2]

Lucinda Backwell (back left) and Francesco d’Errico (University of Bordeaux) with friends Mansweta Heinrich (forefront) and Xoa//’an /ai!ae from Tsumkwe, Namibia.

In 2011 she was promoted to senior researcher at the Evolutionary Studies Institute of the University of the Witwatersrand[3], where she taught introductory courses on human evolution and taphonomy and supervised postgraduates on various topics, including fossil assemblages from caves in the Cradle of Humankind.[4] In 2017 she moved to Argentina and became associated with Instituto Superior de Estudios Sociales[5] (CONICET)[6], Argentina. She has been published 40 times and has been involved in 11 documentaries. Her research interests include taphonomy, archaeology, paleontology and ethnoarchaeology.

Research interests

Taphonomic study of an eland carcass from time of death, Free State, South Africa.
Large mammal butchering experiment using stone tools, Kacgae, Botswana.

Main fields of specialisation

Bow and bone arrow experiment, Tsumkwe, Namibia.
  • Microscopic analysis of bone surface modifications
  • San material culture, past and present

Current research

Excavations at Border Cave showing stratigraphy on the North section of the site
  • Border Cave Middle Stone Age site excavation and analysis, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
  • Working on a book, digital archive of a century-old collection of traditional San material culture, and subtitled film of Kalahari San elders describing in their own words, and demonstrating the use of the items, now housed at Museum Africa in South Africa.
  • Experimental taphonomy: ongoing invertebrate modification of bone in South Africa.
  • Experimental taphonomy: Refining the functional interpretation of early hominin bone tools: new experiments and texture analyses.
  • Longitudinal studies of modern mammal carcass modification, disarticulation, dispersal and burial in a semi-arid grassland environment in South Africa.
  • Description of Middle Stone Age bone artefacts from Sibudu Cave, South Africa.[7]
Early Later Stone Age layers at Border Cave
  • Holocene mortuary practices in Northwest Argentina.
Museum Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa

Selected publications

Journals

  • Backwell, Lucinda; Huchet, Jean-Bernard; Jashashvili, Tea; Dirks, Paul H.G.M.; Berger, Lee R. (2020). "Termites and necrophagous insects associated with early Pleistocene (Gelasian) Australopithecus sediba at Malapa, South Africa". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 560. Elsevier BV: 109989. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109989. ISSN 0031-0182.
  • Wadley, Lyn; Esteban, Irene; de la Peña, Paloma; Wojcieszak, Marine; Stratford, Dominic; Lennox, Sandra; d’Errico, Francesco; Rosso, Daniela Eugenia; Orange, François; Backwell, Lucinda; Sievers, Christine (13 August 2020). "Fire and grass-bedding construction 200 thousand years ago at Border Cave, South Africa". Science. 369 (6505). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 863–866. doi:10.1126/science.abc7239. ISSN 0036-8075.
  • Backwell, Lucinda; Wojcieszak, Marine; Wadley, Lyn (21 July 2020). "The effect of heat on keratin and implications for the archaeological record". Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. 12 (8). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1007/s12520-020-01152-9. ISSN 1866-9557.
  • Wadley, Lyn; Backwell, Lucinda; d’Errico, Francesco; Sievers, Christine (2 January 2020). "Cooked starchy rhizomes in Africa 170 thousand years ago". Science. 367 (6473). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): 87–91. doi:10.1126/science.aaz5926. ISSN 0036-8075.

Books

Chapters in books

  • J. T. Pokines and S. A. Symes, ed. (2021). "Invertebrate modification of bone". Manual of Forensic Taphonomy. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  • D. Olszewski, D. Wright, J. Wilkins, A. Bouzouggar, A. Beyin (ed.). "Border Cave, South Africa.". Handbook of Pleistocene Archaeology of Africa: Hominin behavior, geography, and chronology. The Netherlands: Springer. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  • M.C. Langley, ed. (2016). "Osseous projectile weaponry from Early – Late Middle Stone Age Africa". Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology - Osseous Projectile Weaponry. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. doi:10.1007/978-94-024-0899-7. ISBN 978-94-024-0897-3. ISSN 1877-9077. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  • C. Smith, ed. (2014). "Palaeolithic bone tools". Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Vol. 2. New York: Springer Reference. ISBN 978-1-4419-0465-2. OCLC 870899596. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  • C. Sanz, C. Boesch, J. Call, ed. (2013). "Early hominin social learning strategies underlying the use and production of bone and stone tools.". Tool Use in Animals: Cognition and Ecology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 242–285. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  • E. Baquedano, ed. (2007). "From Swartkrans to Arcy-sur-Cure. The use of bone tools in the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic.". El Universo Neanderthal. Fundacion Duques de Soria [The Neanderthal Universe. Foundation Dukes de Soria]. Madrid, Spain: Ibersaf. pp. 101–143. ISBN 978-84-95803-56-6. OCLC 433357391. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)

Research reports

  • Backwell, L.R. 2008. Report on 2005 – 2007 excavations at Wonderkrater, a late Quaternary spring and peat mound site in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Submitted to South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA).
  • Backwell, L.R. 2008. Report on 2005 – 2007 excavations at Heelbo I, a large mammal mass death assemblage in Free State Province, South Africa. Submitted to South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA).

Thesis and dissertation

Backwell, L.R. 2004. Early Hominid Bone Tool Industries. PhD submitted by publications. University of the Witwatersrand and University of Bordeaux I.

Backwell, L.R. 2000. A Critical Assessment of Southern African “Early Hominid Bone Tools”. Unpublished MSc. University of the Witwatersrand.

Documentaries

Cradle of humankind exhibit

Awards/recognition

  • “Best 1st year Lecturer” by Wits University School of Geosciences Geological Student Society. (2014)
  • Journal of Archaeological Science Top cited article 2007–2011. (2012)
  • NRF rating: C1 (valid 2012 – 2017). (2011)
  • Promoted to senior researcher. (2011)
  • Voted “Best Lecturer for 1st year”, by Wits University School of Geosciences Geological Student Society. (2010)
  • Voted “Coolest Lectures for 1st year”, by Wits University School of Geosciences Geological Student Society. (2010)
  • Voted “Best 1st year Lecturer”, by Wits University School of Geosciences Geological Student Society. (2009)
  • FEI Prize (Life Sciences) for the best paper on electron microscopy published in an international journal. *“Probable human hair found in a fossil hyaena coprolite from Gladysvale cave, South Africa.” (2009)[9]
  • Science Direct 6th most downloaded paper in first quarter for Journal of Archaeological Science. (2009)
  • Top 100 Science Stories, Discover Magazine. (2008)[10]
  • Certificate of Appreciation, Life Sciences Educators, Teaching and Learning Services, Department of Education, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (2008)
  • First South African woman to be awarded a PhD in palaeoanthropology at a local institution. (2004)
  • University Postgraduate Local Merit Scholarship. (2003)
  • University Council Postgraduate Scholarship. (2002)
  • University Postgraduate Merit Award. (2002)
  • S2A3 Medal. Presented by the South African Association for the Advancement of Science: Most distinguished master's degree in the Faculty of Science for 2000. (2001)[11]
  • Top 100 Science Stories Discover magazine: “Evidence of termite foraging by Swartkrans early hominids”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. (2001)
  • University Council Postgraduate Scholarship. (2001)
  • Postgraduate Merit Award. (2001)
  • MSc. in Palaeoanthropology (cum laude), University of the Witwatersrand Medical School. (2000)
  • Postgraduate Local Merit Scholarship. (2000)
  • University Postgraduate Merit Award. (2000)
  • Category A Award for 2000. (200)
  • Lystrosaurus Shield: Best student paper presented at the 11th Biennial Conference of the Palaeontological Society of Southern Africa.

References

  1. ^ "Members". www.assaf.org.za. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
  2. ^ "Staff Profile - Lucinda Backwell". University of the Witwatersrand. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  3. ^ "Staff - Wits University". www.wits.ac.za. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
  4. ^ "Lucinda Ruth Backwell". South African Heritage Resources Agency. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  5. ^ "Final Permit Report on Archaeological excavations conducted at Border cave 2015-2018" (PDF). SAHRA.ORG. 2018-08-18. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  6. ^ "CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos | datos académicos: Backwell Lucinda Ruth". conicet.gov.ar (in Spanish). Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Retrieved 8 February 2019.
  7. ^ Ruth Schuster (25 April 2018). "Earliest Bone Arrowhead, 61,700 Years Old, Found in South Africa". Haaretz.com. Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  8. ^ Kate Thompson-Gorry (2013). "Le Voyage de Kgonta Bo, le chaman". Film documentaire (in French). Retrieved 6 February 2019.
  9. ^ "University of the Witwatersrand Research Report 2009" (pdf). www.wits.ac.za. University of the Witwatersrand. 2009. p. 206. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
  10. ^ Rice, Jocelyn (2008-12-07). "#89: Archaeologists Find the World's Oldest Arrowheads". Discover Magazine. Retrieved 2020-06-19.
  11. ^ "Medal for Original Research at Masters Level". Home. Retrieved 2020-06-19.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucinda_Backwell&oldid=1032289533"