El Dorado Fire: Difference between revisions

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Coordinates: 34°03′18″N 116°58′38″W / 34.054871°N 116.97735°W / 34.054871; -116.97735
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==Impact==
==Impact==
The fire burned steep mountain terrain already prone to landslide, rockfall, and debris flow hazards<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2008-04-15|title=Contrasting rainfall generated debris flows from adjacent watersheds at Forest Falls, southern California, USA|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169555X07001894|journal=Geomorphology|language=en|volume=96|issue=3-4|pages=322–338|doi=10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.03.021|issn=0169-555X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Cato|first=Kerry|last2=Goforth|first2=Brett|date=2021-02-01|title=Alluvial Fan Alteration Due to Debris-Flow Deposition, Incision, and Channel Migration at Forest Falls, California|url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/aeg/eeg/article-abstract/27/1/29/595095/Alluvial-Fan-Alteration-Due-to-Debris-Flow|journal=Environmental and Engineering Geoscience|language=en|volume=27|issue=1|pages=29–41|doi=10.2113/EEG-D-20-00042|issn=1078-7275}}</ref>. Loss of vegetation destabilizes hillslope soils and releases sediment to channels increasing the risk for post fire debris flows<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lamb|first=Michael P.|last2=Scheingross|first2=Joel S.|last3=Amidon|first3=William H.|last4=Swanson|first4=Erika|last5=Limaye|first5=Ajay|date=2011|title=A model for fire-induced sediment yield by dry ravel in steep landscapes|url=https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2010JF001878|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface|language=en|volume=116|issue=F3|doi=10.1029/2010JF001878|issn=2156-2202}}</ref>. The prevalence of invasive species and weeds nearby also threaten regrowth of natural vegetation communities, which can impact animal habitat and future fire scenarios. Conversion of native chaparral habitat to Spanish broom or annual exotic grassland is a concern<ref name=":0" />. Projected hazard suppression costs are 60,000,000 million dollars.<ref name=":0" />

Due to steep slopes and high burn severity, the burn scar of the El Dorado Fire left downstream communities in Yucaipa, Oak Glen, and Forest Falls at risk of [[mudflow]]s during a major winter [[rain|rain storm]] in January 2021. Mandatory evacuation orders were issued for the Mountain Home Village community on January 28.<ref>{{cite web |title=Storm Forces Evacuations For El Dorado Fire Burn Area Around Yucaipa |url=https://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2021/01/28/storm-forces-evacuations-for-el-dorado-fire-burn-area-around-yucaipa/ |website=CBS Los Angeles |access-date=January 30, 2021 |date=January 28, 2021}}</ref> Evacuation orders were lifted on January 29.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Barkas |first1=Sherry |title=Rain reaches Palm Springs area; mountain areas see heavy snow; all evacuation orders lifted |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/weather/2021/01/29/rain-reaches-palm-springs-area-evacuation-orders-place-near-apple-el-dorado-wildfire-sites/4305874001/ |website=Desert Sun |access-date=January 30, 2021 |date=January 29, 2021}}</ref>
Due to steep slopes and high burn severity, the burn scar of the El Dorado Fire left downstream communities in Yucaipa, Oak Glen, and Forest Falls at risk of [[mudflow]]s during a major winter [[rain|rain storm]] in January 2021. Mandatory evacuation orders were issued for the Mountain Home Village community on January 28.<ref>{{cite web |title=Storm Forces Evacuations For El Dorado Fire Burn Area Around Yucaipa |url=https://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2021/01/28/storm-forces-evacuations-for-el-dorado-fire-burn-area-around-yucaipa/ |website=CBS Los Angeles |access-date=January 30, 2021 |date=January 28, 2021}}</ref> Evacuation orders were lifted on January 29.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Barkas |first1=Sherry |title=Rain reaches Palm Springs area; mountain areas see heavy snow; all evacuation orders lifted |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/weather/2021/01/29/rain-reaches-palm-springs-area-evacuation-orders-place-near-apple-el-dorado-wildfire-sites/4305874001/ |website=Desert Sun |access-date=January 30, 2021 |date=January 29, 2021}}</ref>


Parts of the areas burned by the El Dorado Fire had no recorded fires since 1900, and the last fire to affect the region was the Mitchell Canyon fire in 1977<ref name=":0" />. Dense vegetation and mature brush contributed to high burn severities. 71% of the fire perimeter was burnt at high or moderate severity. Patches of forest that experienced stand-replacing fire are expected to revegetate; however, the prevalence of invasive species and weeds nearby threaten regrowth of natural vegetation communities. Mountain habitats in the [[San Bernardino Mountains]] hosted a wide range of biodiversity prior to the fire. The Southern [[Willow flycatcher|Willow Flycatcher]] and the [[Mountain yellow-legged frog|Mountain Yellow Legged Frog]] are two endangered species live in environments impacted by the fire.<ref name=":0" />
Parts of the areas burned by the El Dorado Fire had no recorded fires since 1900, and the last fire to affect the region was the Mitchell Canyon fire in 1977<ref name=":0" />. Dense vegetation and mature brush contributed to high burn severities. 71% of the fire perimeter was burnt at high or moderate severity. Patches of forest that experienced stand-replacing fire are expected to revegetate but are threatened by nearby invasive and weed populations. Mountain habitats in the [[San Bernardino Mountains]] hosted a wide range of biodiversity prior to the fire. The Southern [[Willow flycatcher|Willow Flycatcher]] and the [[Mountain yellow-legged frog|Mountain Yellow Legged Frog]] are two endangered species live in environments impacted by the fire.<ref name=":0" />


== Cause ==
== Cause ==

Revision as of 16:38, 21 August 2021

El Dorado Fire
Date(s)September 5, 2020 (2020-09-05) – November 16, 2020 (2020-11-16)
LocationOak Glen,
San Bernardino County,
California
Coordinates34°03′18″N 116°58′38″W / 34.054871°N 116.97735°W / 34.054871; -116.97735
Statistics[1][2]
Burned area22,744 acres (9,204 ha)
Impacts
Deaths1 firefighter[3]
Non-fatal injuries12
Structures destroyed10 structures destroyed, 6 structures damaged
Damage≥$8 million
Ignition
CauseSparked by a pyrotechnic device at a gender reveal party
Map
El Dorado Fire is located in California
El Dorado Fire
Location in Southern California
Map
About OpenStreetMaps
Maps: terms of use
8km
5miles
none
El Dorado Fire
El Dorado Fire
Location of El Dorado Fire

The El Dorado Fire, also colloquially known as the Gender Reveal Fire, was a wildfire burning during the 2020 California wildfire season and was burning in the area of Yucaipa, west of Oak Glen near Highway 38 in San Bernardino County, California in the United States. Igniting on Saturday, September 5, near the winding two-lane Oak Glen Road, expanded to 22,744 acres (9,204 ha) and destroyed 10 structures, including 4 residences, and damaged 6 others.[4] The fire was caused by a pyrotechnic device at a gender reveal party and spread rapidly, causing one fatality.

Timeline

The fire began on September 5, caused by a malfunctioning smoke-generating pyrotechnical device at a gender reveal party.[5] The fire then continued to spread in the El Dorado Ranch Park, as well as parts of San Bernardino County and Riverside County, burning up to 13,715 acres as of September 14. By September 18, it was 66% contained, and the fire had damaged 6 buildings and destroyed 10. One firefighter was killed by the fire.[3] By October 10, the El Dorado Fire was at 22,744 acres (9,204 ha) and was 95% contained.[6] The fire was extinguished on November 16, 2020.[7]

Impact

The fire burned steep mountain terrain already prone to landslide, rockfall, and debris flow hazards[8][9]. Loss of vegetation destabilizes hillslope soils and releases sediment to channels increasing the risk for post fire debris flows[10]. The prevalence of invasive species and weeds nearby also threaten regrowth of natural vegetation communities, which can impact animal habitat and future fire scenarios. Conversion of native chaparral habitat to Spanish broom or annual exotic grassland is a concern[6]. Projected hazard suppression costs are 60,000,000 million dollars.[6]

Due to steep slopes and high burn severity, the burn scar of the El Dorado Fire left downstream communities in Yucaipa, Oak Glen, and Forest Falls at risk of mudflows during a major winter rain storm in January 2021. Mandatory evacuation orders were issued for the Mountain Home Village community on January 28.[11] Evacuation orders were lifted on January 29.[12]

Parts of the areas burned by the El Dorado Fire had no recorded fires since 1900, and the last fire to affect the region was the Mitchell Canyon fire in 1977[6]. Dense vegetation and mature brush contributed to high burn severities. 71% of the fire perimeter was burnt at high or moderate severity. Patches of forest that experienced stand-replacing fire are expected to revegetate but are threatened by nearby invasive and weed populations. Mountain habitats in the San Bernardino Mountains hosted a wide range of biodiversity prior to the fire. The Southern Willow Flycatcher and the Mountain Yellow Legged Frog are two endangered species live in environments impacted by the fire.[6]

Cause

Calfire law enforcement determined that the cause of the fire was a smoke-generating pyrotechnic device, used in a gender-reveal party.[5][13] The gender reveal party was held in comparison to similar incidents and used as a criticism of the practice.[14]

In July 2021, Refugio Manuel Jimenez Jr. and Angela Renee Jimenez, the couple that hosted the party, were charged in San Bernardino County with involuntary manslaughter for the death that resulted from the fire.[15]

See also

References

  1. ^ "El Dorado Fire Information". inciweb.nwcg.gov. InciWeb. October 2, 2020. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
  2. ^ "El Dorado Fire". CAL FIRE. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  3. ^ a b Andone, Dakin (September 18, 2020). "A firefighter has died in the California wildfire sparked by a gender reveal party". CNN. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
  4. ^ National Forest, San Bernardino [@SanBernardinoNF] (September 12, 2020). "#ElDoradoFire Evening Update https://twitter.com/SanBernardinoNF/status/1304628831009910784" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  5. ^ a b Hollie Silverman, Amir Vera and Cheri Mossburg. "A pyrotechnic device at a gender reveal party sparked one of the California wildfires, burning over 8,600 acres". CNN. Retrieved 2020-09-14.
  6. ^ a b c d e "El Dorado Fire Information - InciWeb the Incident Information System". Retrieved October 10, 2020.
  7. ^ "Couple whose gender reveal party sparked California wildfire charged in death of Hotshot crew boss". CBS News. 2021-07-21. Retrieved 2021-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ "Contrasting rainfall generated debris flows from adjacent watersheds at Forest Falls, southern California, USA". Geomorphology. 96 (3–4): 322–338. 2008-04-15. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.03.021. ISSN 0169-555X.
  9. ^ Cato, Kerry; Goforth, Brett (2021-02-01). "Alluvial Fan Alteration Due to Debris-Flow Deposition, Incision, and Channel Migration at Forest Falls, California". Environmental and Engineering Geoscience. 27 (1): 29–41. doi:10.2113/EEG-D-20-00042. ISSN 1078-7275.
  10. ^ Lamb, Michael P.; Scheingross, Joel S.; Amidon, William H.; Swanson, Erika; Limaye, Ajay (2011). "A model for fire-induced sediment yield by dry ravel in steep landscapes". Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface. 116 (F3). doi:10.1029/2010JF001878. ISSN 2156-2202.
  11. ^ "Storm Forces Evacuations For El Dorado Fire Burn Area Around Yucaipa". CBS Los Angeles. January 28, 2021. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  12. ^ Barkas, Sherry (January 29, 2021). "Rain reaches Palm Springs area; mountain areas see heavy snow; all evacuation orders lifted". Desert Sun. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  13. ^ @Calfire (September 6, 2020). "El Dorado Fire Cause" – via Instagram.
  14. ^ Morales, Christina (September 8, 2020). "A baby gender reveal party was blamed for starting a wildfire in California. It's not the first celebration to end in disaster". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
  15. ^ "Couple charged in California fire sparked by gender reveal". ABC News. July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 21, 2021.

 This article incorporates text from https://www.fire.ca.gov/incidents/2020/9/5/el-dorado-fire/, a public domain work of the Government of California.

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