Tendril perversion: Difference between revisions
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Importing Wikidata short description: "Tendency of a coil to split into two or more parts of opposite chirality" (Shortdesc helper) |
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[[File:Generalized perversions.gif|thumbnail|Animation showing two different types of tendril perversion]] |
[[File:Generalized perversions.gif|thumbnail|Animation showing two different types of tendril perversion]] |
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'''Tendril perversion''', often referred to in context as simply '''perversion''', is a geometric phenomenon found in [[helix|helical]] structures such as plant [[tendril]]s, in which a helical structure forms that is divided into two sections of opposite [[chirality]], with a transition between the two in the middle.<ref name= |
'''Tendril perversion''', often referred to in context as simply '''perversion''', is a geometric phenomenon found in [[helix|helical]] structures such as plant [[tendril]]s, in which a helical structure forms that is divided into two sections of opposite [[chirality]], with a transition between the two in the middle.<ref name="Goriely 2017 p. ">{{cite book | last=Goriely | first=Alain | title=The mathematics and mechanics of biological growth | publisher=Springer | publication-place=New York | year=2017 | isbn=0-387-87709-6 | oclc=989037743 | page=}}</ref> <ref name=McMillen2002/> A similar phenomenon can often be observed in kinked helical cables such as [[telephone handset]] cords.<ref name="LiuEtAl">{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0093183| pmid = 24759785| title = Structural Transition from Helices to Hemihelices| journal = PLOS ONE| volume = 9| issue = 4| pages = e93183| year = 2014| last1 = Liu | first1 = J. | last2 = Huang | first2 = J. | last3 = Su | first3 = T. | last4 = Bertoldi | first4 = K. | last5 = Clarke | first5 = D. R. | pmc=3997338|bibcode = 2014PLoSO...993183L | doi-access = free}}</ref> |
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The phenomenon was known to [[Charles Darwin]],<ref name=Goriely2013>{{cite web|url=http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/maths/research/researchgroups/applied/siam/resources/SIAM_Day_2013_AGoriely_lecture.pdf|title=Inversion, Rotation, and Perversion in Mechanical Biology: From Microscopic Anisotropy to Macroscopic Chirality | author=Alain Goriely | date = 2013 | page = 9 }}</ref> who wrote in 1865, |
The phenomenon was known to [[Charles Darwin]],<ref name=Goriely2013>{{cite web|url=http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/maths/research/researchgroups/applied/siam/resources/SIAM_Day_2013_AGoriely_lecture.pdf|title=Inversion, Rotation, and Perversion in Mechanical Biology: From Microscopic Anisotropy to Macroscopic Chirality | author=Alain Goriely | date = 2013 | page = 9 }}</ref> who wrote in 1865, |
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The term "tendril perversion" was coined by Goriely and Tabor in 1998 based on the word ''perversion'' found in the 19th Century science literature. "Perversion" is a transition from one chirality to another and was known to [[James Clerk Maxwell]], who attributed it to the [[topologist]] [[J. B. Listing]].<ref name=Goriely2013/><ref>{{cite book|title=A Treatise of Electricity and Magnetism|author=James Clerk Maxwell|year=1873|publisher=Clarendon Press|place=Oxford|quote=The operation of passing from one system to the other is called by Listing, ''Perversion''. The reflection of an object in a mirror image is a perverted image of the object.}}</ref> |
The term "tendril perversion" was coined by Goriely and Tabor in 1998 based on the word ''perversion'' found in the 19th Century science literature <ref name="Goriely Tabor pp. 1564–1567">{{cite journal | last=Goriely | first=Alain | last2=Tabor | first2=Michael | title=Spontaneous Helix Hand Reversal and Tendril Perversion in Climbing Plants | journal=Physical Review Letters | publisher=American Physical Society (APS) | volume=80 | issue=7 | date=1998-02-16 | issn=0031-9007 | doi=10.1103/physrevlett.80.1564 | pages=1564–1567}}</ref> <ref name=McMillan2002>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1007/s00332-002-0493-1| title = Tendril Perversion in Intrinsically Curved Rods| journal = Journal of Nonlinear Science| volume = 12| issue = 3| pages = 241| year = 2002| last1 = McMillen| last2 = Goriely|bibcode = 2002JNS....12..241M | citeseerx = 10.1.1.140.352| s2cid = 18480860}}</ref>. "Perversion" is a transition from one chirality to another and was known to [[James Clerk Maxwell]], who attributed it to the [[topologist]] [[J. B. Listing]].<ref name=Goriely2013/><ref>{{cite book|title=A Treatise of Electricity and Magnetism|author=James Clerk Maxwell|year=1873|publisher=Clarendon Press|place=Oxford|quote=The operation of passing from one system to the other is called by Listing, ''Perversion''. The reflection of an object in a mirror image is a perverted image of the object.}}</ref> |
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Tendril perversion can be viewed as an example of [[spontaneous symmetry breaking]], in which the strained structure of the tendril adopts a [[minimum total potential energy principle|configuration of minimum energy]] while preserving zero overall twist.<ref name=" |
Tendril perversion can be viewed as an example of [[spontaneous symmetry breaking]], in which the strained structure of the tendril adopts a [[minimum total potential energy principle|configuration of minimum energy]] while preserving zero overall twist.<ref name="McMillen2002" /> |
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Tendril perversion has been studied both experimentally and theoretically. Gerbode et al. have made experimental studies of the coiling of [[cucumber]] tendrils.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.1223304| pmid = 22936777| title = How the Cucumber Tendril Coils and Overwinds| journal = Science| volume = 337| issue = 6098| pages = 1087–91| year = 2012| last1 = Gerbode | first1 = S. J.| last2 = Puzey | first2 = J. R.| last3 = McCormick | first3 = A. G.| last4 = Mahadevan | first4 = L.|bibcode = 2012Sci...337.1087G | s2cid = 17405225| url = https://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_fac_pub/773}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/aug/30/secrets-climbing-plants-tendrils|title=Scientists unwind the secrets of climbing plants' tendrils|work=The Guardian|date=30 August 2012|author=Geraint Jones}}</ref> A detailed study of a simple model of the physics of tendril perversion was made by |
Tendril perversion has been studied both experimentally and theoretically. Gerbode et al. have made experimental studies of the coiling of [[cucumber]] tendrils.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.1223304| pmid = 22936777| title = How the Cucumber Tendril Coils and Overwinds| journal = Science| volume = 337| issue = 6098| pages = 1087–91| year = 2012| last1 = Gerbode | first1 = S. J.| last2 = Puzey | first2 = J. R.| last3 = McCormick | first3 = A. G.| last4 = Mahadevan | first4 = L.|bibcode = 2012Sci...337.1087G | s2cid = 17405225| url = https://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_fac_pub/773}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/aug/30/secrets-climbing-plants-tendrils|title=Scientists unwind the secrets of climbing plants' tendrils|work=The Guardian|date=30 August 2012|author=Geraint Jones}}</ref> A detailed study of a simple model of the physics of tendril perversion was made by McMillen and Goriely in the early 2000s.<ref name=McMillen2002>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1007/s00332-002-0493-1| title = Tendril Perversion in Intrinsically Curved Rods| journal = Journal of Nonlinear Science| volume = 12| issue = 3| pages = 241| year = 2002| last1 = McMillen| last2 = Goriely|bibcode = 2002JNS....12..241M | citeseerx = 10.1.1.140.352| s2cid = 18480860}}</ref> Liu et al. showed in 2014 that "the transition from a helical to a hemihelical shape, as well as the number of perversions, depends on the height to width ratio of the strip's cross-section."<ref name="LiuEtAl" /> |
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Generalized tendril perversions were put forward by Silva et al., to include perversions that can be intrinsically produced in elastic filaments, leading to a multiplicity of geometries and dynamical properties.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Silva|first1=Pedro E. S.|last2=Trigueiros|first2=Joao L.|last3=Trindade|first3=Ana C.|last4=Simoes|first4=Ricardo|last5=Dias|first5=Ricardo G.|last6=Godinho|first6=Maria Helena|last7=Abreu|first7=Fernao Vistulo de|date=2016-03-30|title=Perversions with a twist|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=6|pages=23413|doi=10.1038/srep23413|pmc=4812244|pmid=27025549|bibcode = 2016NatSR...623413S }}</ref> |
Generalized tendril perversions were put forward by Silva et al., to include perversions that can be intrinsically produced in elastic filaments, leading to a multiplicity of geometries and dynamical properties.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Silva|first1=Pedro E. S.|last2=Trigueiros|first2=Joao L.|last3=Trindade|first3=Ana C.|last4=Simoes|first4=Ricardo|last5=Dias|first5=Ricardo G.|last6=Godinho|first6=Maria Helena|last7=Abreu|first7=Fernao Vistulo de|date=2016-03-30|title=Perversions with a twist|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=6|pages=23413|doi=10.1038/srep23413|pmc=4812244|pmid=27025549|bibcode = 2016NatSR...623413S }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 10:00, 26 December 2021
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Tendril perversion, often referred to in context as simply perversion, is a geometric phenomenon found in helical structures such as plant tendrils, in which a helical structure forms that is divided into two sections of opposite chirality, with a transition between the two in the middle.[1] [2] A similar phenomenon can often be observed in kinked helical cables such as telephone handset cords.[3]
The phenomenon was known to Charles Darwin,[4] who wrote in 1865,
A tendril ... invariably becomes twisted in one part in one direction, and in another part in the opposite direction... This curious and symmetrical structure has been noticed by several botanists, but has not been sufficiently explained.[5]
The term "tendril perversion" was coined by Goriely and Tabor in 1998 based on the word perversion found in the 19th Century science literature [6] [7]. "Perversion" is a transition from one chirality to another and was known to James Clerk Maxwell, who attributed it to the topologist J. B. Listing.[4][8]
Tendril perversion can be viewed as an example of spontaneous symmetry breaking, in which the strained structure of the tendril adopts a configuration of minimum energy while preserving zero overall twist.[2]
Tendril perversion has been studied both experimentally and theoretically. Gerbode et al. have made experimental studies of the coiling of cucumber tendrils.[9][10] A detailed study of a simple model of the physics of tendril perversion was made by McMillen and Goriely in the early 2000s.[2] Liu et al. showed in 2014 that "the transition from a helical to a hemihelical shape, as well as the number of perversions, depends on the height to width ratio of the strip's cross-section."[3]
Generalized tendril perversions were put forward by Silva et al., to include perversions that can be intrinsically produced in elastic filaments, leading to a multiplicity of geometries and dynamical properties.[11]
See also
References
- ^ Goriely, Alain (2017). The mathematics and mechanics of biological growth. New York: Springer. ISBN 0-387-87709-6. OCLC 989037743.
- ^ a b c McMillen; Goriely (2002). "Tendril Perversion in Intrinsically Curved Rods". Journal of Nonlinear Science. 12 (3): 241. Bibcode:2002JNS....12..241M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.140.352. doi:10.1007/s00332-002-0493-1. S2CID 18480860.
- ^ a b Liu, J.; Huang, J.; Su, T.; Bertoldi, K.; Clarke, D. R. (2014). "Structural Transition from Helices to Hemihelices". PLOS ONE. 9 (4): e93183. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...993183L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093183. PMC 3997338. PMID 24759785.
- ^ a b Alain Goriely (2013). "Inversion, Rotation, and Perversion in Mechanical Biology: From Microscopic Anisotropy to Macroscopic Chirality" (PDF). p. 9.
- ^ Charles Darwin, "On the movements and habits of climbing plants", Journal of the Linnean Society, 1865.
- ^ Goriely, Alain; Tabor, Michael (1998-02-16). "Spontaneous Helix Hand Reversal and Tendril Perversion in Climbing Plants". Physical Review Letters. 80 (7). American Physical Society (APS): 1564–1567. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.80.1564. ISSN 0031-9007.
- ^ McMillen; Goriely (2002). "Tendril Perversion in Intrinsically Curved Rods". Journal of Nonlinear Science. 12 (3): 241. Bibcode:2002JNS....12..241M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.140.352. doi:10.1007/s00332-002-0493-1. S2CID 18480860.
- ^ James Clerk Maxwell (1873). A Treatise of Electricity and Magnetism. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
The operation of passing from one system to the other is called by Listing, Perversion. The reflection of an object in a mirror image is a perverted image of the object.
- ^ Gerbode, S. J.; Puzey, J. R.; McCormick, A. G.; Mahadevan, L. (2012). "How the Cucumber Tendril Coils and Overwinds". Science. 337 (6098): 1087–91. Bibcode:2012Sci...337.1087G. doi:10.1126/science.1223304. PMID 22936777. S2CID 17405225.
- ^ Geraint Jones (30 August 2012). "Scientists unwind the secrets of climbing plants' tendrils". The Guardian.
- ^ Silva, Pedro E. S.; Trigueiros, Joao L.; Trindade, Ana C.; Simoes, Ricardo; Dias, Ricardo G.; Godinho, Maria Helena; Abreu, Fernao Vistulo de (2016-03-30). "Perversions with a twist". Scientific Reports. 6: 23413. Bibcode:2016NatSR...623413S. doi:10.1038/srep23413. PMC 4812244. PMID 27025549.
External links
Look up tendril perversion in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Media related to Tendril perversion at Wikimedia Commons- A close-up image of a tendril perversion in a tendril of Bryonia dioica by Michael Becker
