Carolina hammerhead: Difference between revisions
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The '''Carolina hammerhead''' (''Sphyrna gilberti'') is a [[species]] of [[hammerhead shark]], and part of the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Hammerhead shark|Sphyrnidae]], found in the western [[Atlantic Ocean]]. Their pupping grounds are off the |
The '''Carolina hammerhead''' (''Sphyrna gilberti'') is a [[species]] of [[hammerhead shark]], and part of the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Hammerhead shark|Sphyrnidae]], found in the western [[Atlantic Ocean]]. Their pupping grounds are in nearshore waters off the southeastern U.S. with the highest concentrations found in Bulls Bay, [[South Carolina]]<ref name="Barker et al. 2021">{{cite journal |last1=Barker |first1=A.M. |last2=Frazier |first2=B.S.|last3=Portnoy |first3=D.S.|title=Distribution and relative abundance of scalloped (Sphyrna lewini) and Carolina (S. gilberti) hammerheads in the western North Atlantic Ocean |journal=Fisheries Research |date=2021 |volume=242 |doi=10.1016/j.fishres.2021.106039 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165783621001673?via%3Dihub |ref=Barker, A.M., Frazier, B.S., Adams, D.H., Bedore, C.N., Belcher, C.N., Driggers III, W.B., Galloway, A.S., Gelsleichter, J., Grubbs, R.D., Reyier, E.A., Portnoy, D.S. 2021. Distribution and relative abundance of scalloped (Sphyrna lewini) and Carolina (S. gilberti) hammerheads in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Fisheries Research}}</ref>. The Carolina hammerhead has also been found in nearshore waters off of Brazil<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pinhal |first1=D. |title=Cryptic hammerhead shark lineage occurrence in the western South Atlantic revealed by DNA analysis |journal=Marine Biology |date=2012 |volume=159 |page=829-836 |doi=10.1007/s00227-011-1858-5 |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00227-011-1858-5}}</ref>. It was formally described in 2013.<ref name=Quattro2013>{{cite journal |author=Quattro, J.M. |author2=Driggers, W.B. III |author3=Grady, J.M. |author4=Ulrich, G.F. |author5=Roberts, M.A. |name-list-style=amp |year=2013 |title=''Sphyrna gilberti'' sp. nov., a new hammerhead shark (Carcharhiniformes, Sphyrnidae) from the western Atlantic Ocean. |journal=Zootaxa |volume=3702 |issue=2 |pages=159–178 |url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2013/f/zt03702p178.pdf |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3702.2.5}}</ref> |
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Little is known about the habits of the species. It is a sister species to ''[[Sphyrna lewini|S. lewini]]''. The Carolina hammerhead is named in honor of Carter Gilbert, who unknowingly recorded the first known specimen of the shark off [[Charleston, South Carolina]] in 1967.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sc.edu/uofsc/posts/2013/joe_quattro_describes_new_species_hammerhead_shark.php|title=The Carolina hammerhead, a new species of shark|website=University of South Carolina}}</ref> Dr. Gilbert, who was the curator of the [[Florida Museum of Natural History]] from 1961–1998, caught what he believed was an anomalous [[scalloped hammerhead]] shark with 10 fewer vertebrae than a typical scalloped hammerhead. It was not confirmed to be a different species altogether until Quattro's discovery in 2013. |
Little is known about the habits of the species. It is a sister species to ''[[Sphyrna lewini|S. lewini]]''. The Carolina hammerhead is named in honor of Carter Gilbert, who unknowingly recorded the first known specimen of the shark off [[Charleston, South Carolina]] in 1967.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sc.edu/uofsc/posts/2013/joe_quattro_describes_new_species_hammerhead_shark.php|title=The Carolina hammerhead, a new species of shark|website=University of South Carolina}}</ref> Dr. Gilbert, who was the curator of the [[Florida Museum of Natural History]] from 1961–1998, caught what he believed was an anomalous [[scalloped hammerhead]] shark with 10 fewer vertebrae than a typical scalloped hammerhead. It was not confirmed to be a different species altogether until Quattro's discovery in 2013. |
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Revision as of 19:19, 23 May 2022
| Carolina hammerhead | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Subdivision: | Selachimorpha |
| Order: | Carcharhiniformes |
| Family: | Sphyrnidae |
| Genus: | Sphyrna |
| Species: | S. gilberti
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| Binomial name | |
| Sphyrna gilberti | |
The Carolina hammerhead (Sphyrna gilberti) is a species of hammerhead shark, and part of the family Sphyrnidae, found in the western Atlantic Ocean. Their pupping grounds are in nearshore waters off the southeastern U.S. with the highest concentrations found in Bulls Bay, South Carolina[2]. The Carolina hammerhead has also been found in nearshore waters off of Brazil[3]. It was formally described in 2013.[4]
Little is known about the habits of the species. It is a sister species to S. lewini. The Carolina hammerhead is named in honor of Carter Gilbert, who unknowingly recorded the first known specimen of the shark off Charleston, South Carolina in 1967.[5] Dr. Gilbert, who was the curator of the Florida Museum of Natural History from 1961–1998, caught what he believed was an anomalous scalloped hammerhead shark with 10 fewer vertebrae than a typical scalloped hammerhead. It was not confirmed to be a different species altogether until Quattro's discovery in 2013.
References
- ^ VanderWright, W.J., Carlson, J., Pollom, R. & Dulvy, N.K. 2020. "Sphyrna gilberti. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T152783714A172115852". IUCN Red List.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Barker, A.M.; Frazier, B.S.; Portnoy, D.S. (2021). "Distribution and relative abundance of scalloped (Sphyrna lewini) and Carolina (S. gilberti) hammerheads in the western North Atlantic Ocean". Fisheries Research. 242. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2021.106039.
- ^ Pinhal, D. (2012). "Cryptic hammerhead shark lineage occurrence in the western South Atlantic revealed by DNA analysis". Marine Biology. 159: 829-836. doi:10.1007/s00227-011-1858-5.
- ^ Quattro, J.M.; Driggers, W.B. III; Grady, J.M.; Ulrich, G.F. & Roberts, M.A. (2013). "Sphyrna gilberti sp. nov., a new hammerhead shark (Carcharhiniformes, Sphyrnidae) from the western Atlantic Ocean" (PDF). Zootaxa. 3702 (2): 159–178. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3702.2.5.
- ^ "The Carolina hammerhead, a new species of shark". University of South Carolina.
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