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{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Neurochondrin''' (also known as its murine homologue, '''Norbin''') is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''NCDN'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid15007648">{{cite journal | vauthors = Istvánffy R, Vogt Weisenhorn DM, Floss T, Wurst W | title = Expression of neurochondrin in the developing and adult mouse brain | journal = Development Genes and Evolution | volume = 214 | issue = 4 | pages = 206–9 | date = Apr 2004 | pmid = 15007648 | doi = 10.1007/s00427-004-0396-2 | s2cid = 45134242 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: NCDN neurochondrin| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=23154}}</ref>
'''Neurochondrin''' (also known as its murine homologue, '''Norbin''') is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''NCDN'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid15007648">{{cite journal | vauthors = Istvánffy R, Vogt Weisenhorn DM, Floss T, Wurst W | title = Expression of neurochondrin in the developing and adult mouse brain | journal = Development Genes and Evolution | volume = 214 | issue = 4 | pages = 206–209 | date = April 2004 | pmid = 15007648 | doi = 10.1007/s00427-004-0396-2 | s2cid = 45134242 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: NCDN neurochondrin| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=23154}}</ref>


This gene encodes a [[leucine]]-rich cytoplasmic [[protein]], which is highly similar to a mouse protein norbin that negatively regulates Ca/calmodulin-dependent [[protein]] kinase II phosphorylation and may be essential for spatial [[learning]] processes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this [[gene]] have been described.<ref name="entrez"/>
This gene encodes a [[leucine]]-rich cytoplasmic [[protein]], which is highly similar to a mouse protein norbin that negatively regulates Ca/calmodulin-dependent [[protein]] kinase II phosphorylation and may be essential for spatial [[learning]] processes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this [[gene]] have been described.<ref name="entrez"/>


Norbin can modulate signaling activity and expression of [[metabotropic glutamate receptor 5]]; modulating mice with targeted deletion of NCDN in the brain have phenotypic traits usually found in the rodent models of [[schizophrenia]], including disruptions in [[prepulse inhibition]].<ref name="pmid20007903">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang H, Westin L, Nong Y, Birnbaum S, Bendor J, Brismar H, Nestler E, Aperia A, Flajolet M, Greengard P | title = Norbin is an endogenous regulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 signaling | journal = Science | volume = 326 | issue = 5959 | pages = 1554–7 | date = Dec 2009 | pmid = 20007903 | pmc = 2796550 | doi = 10.1126/science.1178496 | bibcode = 2009Sci...326.1554W }}</ref> Furthermore, norbin protein expression is altered in the schizophrenia brain.<ref name="pmid25778620">{{cite journal | vauthors = Matosin N, Fernandez-Enright F, Fung SJ, Lum JS, Engel M, Andrews JL, Huang XF, Weickert CS, Newell KA | title = Alterations of mGluR5 and its endogenous regulators Norbin, Tamalin and Preso1 in schizophrenia: towards a model of mGluR5 dysregulation | journal = Acta Neuropathologica | volume = 130 | issue = 1 | pages = 119–29 | date = Jul 2015 | pmid = 25778620 | doi = 10.1007/s00401-015-1411-6 | s2cid = 12360955 | url = http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1538&context=ihmri }}</ref> Norbin also plays a role in regulating antimicrobial responses in neutrophils.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pantarelli |first1=Chiara |last2=Pan |first2=Dingxin |last3=Chetwynd |first3=Stephen |last4=Stark |first4=Anne-Katrien |last5=Hornigold |first5=Kirsti |last6=Machin |first6=Polly |last7=Crossland |first7=Laraine |last8=Cleary |first8=Simon J. |last9=Baker |first9=Martin J. |last10=Hampson |first10=Elizabeth |last11=Mandel |first11=Anna |last12=Segonds-Pichon |first12=Anne |last13=Walker |first13=Rachael |last14=van ’t Veer |first14=Cornelis |last15=Riffo-Vasquez |first15=Yanira |last16=Okkenhaug |first16=Klaus |last17=Pitchford |first17=Simon |last18=Welch |first18=Heidi C.E. |title=The GPCR adaptor protein norbin suppresses the neutrophil-mediated immunity of mice to pneumococcal infection |journal=Blood Advances |date=24 August 2021 |volume=5 |issue=16 |pages=3076–3091 |doi=10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002782}}</ref>
Norbin can modulate signaling activity and expression of [[metabotropic glutamate receptor 5]]; modulating mice with targeted deletion of NCDN in the brain have phenotypic traits usually found in the rodent models of [[schizophrenia]], including disruptions in [[prepulse inhibition]].<ref name="pmid20007903">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang H, Westin L, Nong Y, Birnbaum S, Bendor J, Brismar H, Nestler E, Aperia A, Flajolet M, Greengard P | display-authors = 6 | title = Norbin is an endogenous regulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 signaling | journal = Science | volume = 326 | issue = 5959 | pages = 1554–1557 | date = December 2009 | pmid = 20007903 | pmc = 2796550 | doi = 10.1126/science.1178496 | bibcode = 2009Sci...326.1554W }}</ref> Furthermore, norbin protein expression is altered in the schizophrenia brain.<ref name="pmid25778620">{{cite journal | vauthors = Matosin N, Fernandez-Enright F, Fung SJ, Lum JS, Engel M, Andrews JL, Huang XF, Weickert CS, Newell KA | display-authors = 6 | title = Alterations of mGluR5 and its endogenous regulators Norbin, Tamalin and Preso1 in schizophrenia: towards a model of mGluR5 dysregulation | journal = Acta Neuropathologica | volume = 130 | issue = 1 | pages = 119–129 | date = July 2015 | pmid = 25778620 | doi = 10.1007/s00401-015-1411-6 | s2cid = 12360955 }}</ref> Norbin also plays a role in regulating antimicrobial responses in neutrophils.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Pantarelli C, Pan D, Chetwynd S, Stark AK, Hornigold K, Machin P, Crossland L, Cleary SJ, Baker MJ, Hampson E, Mandel A, Segonds-Pichon A, Walker R, van 't Veer C, Riffo-Vasquez Y, Okkenhaug K, Pitchford S, Welch HC | display-authors = 6 | title = The GPCR adaptor protein norbin suppresses the neutrophil-mediated immunity of mice to pneumococcal infection | journal = Blood Advances | volume = 5 | issue = 16 | pages = 3076–3091 | date = August 2021 | pmid = 34402884 | doi = 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002782 }}</ref>


'''Neurochondrin''' proteins induce hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in [[bone marrow]] cells resistant to [[bafilomycin A1]], an inhibitor of macrophage- and osteoclast-mediated [[resorption]]. Expression of the gene is localised to [[chondrocyte]], [[osteoblast]], and [[osteocyte]] in the bone and to the [[hippocampus]] and [[Purkinje cell]] layer of [[cerebellum]] in the brain.<ref name="PUB00011398">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fukamizu A, Maeda N, Ishiduka Y, Mochizuki R, Yanai K, Takatsuka M, Nonomura T, Niida S, Horiguchi H |title=Induction of hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in bone marrow cell populations resistant to bafilomycin A1 by a factor with restricted expression to bone and brain, neurochondrin |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1450 |issue=1 |pages=92–98 |year=1999 |pmid=10231559 |doi=10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00039-7|doi-access=free }}</ref>
'''Neurochondrin''' proteins induce hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in [[bone marrow]] cells resistant to [[bafilomycin A1]], an inhibitor of macrophage- and osteoclast-mediated [[resorption]]. Expression of the gene is localised to [[chondrocyte]], [[osteoblast]], and [[osteocyte]] in the bone and to the [[hippocampus]] and [[Purkinje cell]] layer of [[cerebellum]] in the brain.<ref name="PUB00011398">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ishiduka Y, Mochizuki R, Yanai K, Takatsuka M, Nonomura T, Niida S, Horiguchi H, Maeda N, Fukamizu A | display-authors = 6 | title = Induction of hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in bone marrow cell populations resistant to bafilomycin A1 by a factor with restricted expression to bone and brain, neurochondrin | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta | volume = 1450 | issue = 1 | pages = 92–98 | date = May 1999 | pmid = 10231559 | doi = 10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00039-7 | doi-access = free }}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
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== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dateki M, Horii T, Kasuya Y, Mochizuki R, Nagao Y, Ishida J, Sugiyama F, Tanimoto K, Yagami K, Imai H, Fukamizu A | title = Neurochondrin negatively regulates CaMKII phosphorylation, and nervous system-specific gene disruption results in epileptic seizure | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 280 | issue = 21 | pages = 20503–8 | date = May 2005 | pmid = 15790563 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M414033200 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dateki M, Horii T, Kasuya Y, Mochizuki R, Nagao Y, Ishida J, Sugiyama F, Tanimoto K, Yagami K, Imai H, Fukamizu A | display-authors = 6 | title = Neurochondrin negatively regulates CaMKII phosphorylation, and nervous system-specific gene disruption results in epileptic seizure | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 280 | issue = 21 | pages = 20503–20508 | date = May 2005 | pmid = 15790563 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M414033200 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mochizuki R, Dateki M, Yanai K, Ishizuka Y, Amizuka N, Kawashima H, Koga Y, Ozawa H, Fukamizu A | title = Targeted disruption of the neurochondrin/norbin gene results in embryonic lethality | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 310 | issue = 4 | pages = 1219–26 | date = Oct 2003 | pmid = 14559245 | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.153 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mochizuki R, Dateki M, Yanai K, Ishizuka Y, Amizuka N, Kawashima H, Koga Y, Ozawa H, Fukamizu A | display-authors = 6 | title = Targeted disruption of the neurochondrin/norbin gene results in embryonic lethality | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 310 | issue = 4 | pages = 1219–1226 | date = October 2003 | pmid = 14559245 | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.153 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tchernev VT, Mansfield TA, Giot L, Kumar AM, Nandabalan K, Li Y, Mishra VS, Detter JC, Rothberg JM, Wallace MR, Southwick FS, Kingsmore SF | title = The Chediak-Higashi protein interacts with SNARE complex and signal transduction proteins | journal = Molecular Medicine | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 56–64 | date = Jan 2002 | pmid = 11984006 | pmc = 2039936 | doi = 10.1007/bf03402003}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tchernev VT, Mansfield TA, Giot L, Kumar AM, Nandabalan K, Li Y, Mishra VS, Detter JC, Rothberg JM, Wallace MR, Southwick FS, Kingsmore SF | display-authors = 6 | title = The Chediak-Higashi protein interacts with SNARE complex and signal transduction proteins | journal = Molecular Medicine | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 56–64 | date = January 2002 | pmid = 11984006 | pmc = 2039936 | doi = 10.1007/bf03402003 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ohoka Y, Hirotani M, Sugimoto H, Fujioka S, Furuyama T, Inagaki S | title = Semaphorin 4C, a transmembrane semaphorin, [corrected] associates with a neurite-outgrowth-related protein, SFAP75 | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 280 | issue = 1 | pages = 237–43 | date = Jan 2001 | pmid = 11162505 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.2000.4080 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ohoka Y, Hirotani M, Sugimoto H, Fujioka S, Furuyama T, Inagaki S | title = Semaphorin 4C, a transmembrane semaphorin, [corrected] associates with a neurite-outgrowth-related protein, SFAP75 | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 280 | issue = 1 | pages = 237–243 | date = January 2001 | pmid = 11162505 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.2000.4080 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mochizuki R, Ishizuka Y, Yanai K, Murakami K, Koga Y, Fukamizu A | title = Corrigendum to 'Molecular cloning and expression of human neurochondrin-1 and -2'(1) | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression | volume = 1490 | issue = 3 | pages = 367–8 | date = Feb 2000 | pmid = 10684983 | doi = 10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00236-5 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mochizuki R, Ishizuka Y, Yanai K, Murakami K, Koga Y, Fukamizu A | title = Corrigendum to 'Molecular cloning and expression of human neurochondrin-1 and -2'(1) | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta | volume = 1490 | issue = 3 | pages = 367–368 | date = February 2000 | pmid = 10684983 | doi = 10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00236-5 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mochizuki R, Ishizuka Y, Yanai K, Koga Y, Fukamizu A, Murakami K | title = Molecular cloning and expression of human neurochondrin-1 and -2 | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression | volume = 1446 | issue = 3 | pages = 397–402 | date = Sep 1999 | pmid = 10524216 | doi = 10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00120-7 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mochizuki R, Ishizuka Y, Yanai K, Koga Y, Fukamizu A, Murakami K | title = Molecular cloning and expression of human neurochondrin-1 and -2 | journal = Biochimica et Biophysica Acta | volume = 1446 | issue = 3 | pages = 397–402 | date = September 1999 | pmid = 10524216 | doi = 10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00120-7 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O | title = Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro | journal = DNA Research | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 31–9 | date = Feb 1998 | pmid = 9628581 | doi = 10.1093/dnares/5.1.31 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Miyajima N, Tanaka A, Kotani H, Nomura N, Ohara O | title = Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro | journal = DNA Research | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 31–39 | date = February 1998 | pmid = 9628581 | doi = 10.1093/dnares/5.1.31 | doi-access = free }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}





Revision as of 07:26, 16 July 2022

NCDN
Identifiers
AliasesNCDN, neurochondrin, NEDIES
External IDsOMIM: 608458; MGI: 1347351; HomoloGene: 8064; GeneCards: NCDN; OMA:NCDN - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

23154

26562

Ensembl

ENSG00000020129

ENSMUSG00000028833

UniProt

Q9UBB6

Q9Z0E0

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_014284
NM_001014839
NM_001014841

NM_011986
NM_001355412
NM_001355413

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001014839
NP_001014841
NP_055099

NP_036116
NP_001342341
NP_001342342

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 35.56 – 35.57 MbChr 4: 126.64 – 126.65 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Neurochondrin (also known as its murine homologue, Norbin) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCDN gene.[5][6]

This gene encodes a leucine-rich cytoplasmic protein, which is highly similar to a mouse protein norbin that negatively regulates Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylation and may be essential for spatial learning processes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described.[6]

Norbin can modulate signaling activity and expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5; modulating mice with targeted deletion of NCDN in the brain have phenotypic traits usually found in the rodent models of schizophrenia, including disruptions in prepulse inhibition.[7] Furthermore, norbin protein expression is altered in the schizophrenia brain.[8] Norbin also plays a role in regulating antimicrobial responses in neutrophils.[9]

Neurochondrin proteins induce hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in bone marrow cells resistant to bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of macrophage- and osteoclast-mediated resorption. Expression of the gene is localised to chondrocyte, osteoblast, and osteocyte in the bone and to the hippocampus and Purkinje cell layer of cerebellum in the brain.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000020129 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028833 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Istvánffy R, Vogt Weisenhorn DM, Floss T, Wurst W (April 2004). "Expression of neurochondrin in the developing and adult mouse brain". Development Genes and Evolution. 214 (4): 206–209. doi:10.1007/s00427-004-0396-2. PMID 15007648. S2CID 45134242.
  6. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: NCDN neurochondrin".
  7. ^ Wang H, Westin L, Nong Y, Birnbaum S, Bendor J, Brismar H, et al. (December 2009). "Norbin is an endogenous regulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 signaling". Science. 326 (5959): 1554–1557. Bibcode:2009Sci...326.1554W. doi:10.1126/science.1178496. PMC 2796550. PMID 20007903.
  8. ^ Matosin N, Fernandez-Enright F, Fung SJ, Lum JS, Engel M, Andrews JL, et al. (July 2015). "Alterations of mGluR5 and its endogenous regulators Norbin, Tamalin and Preso1 in schizophrenia: towards a model of mGluR5 dysregulation". Acta Neuropathologica. 130 (1): 119–129. doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1411-6. PMID 25778620. S2CID 12360955.
  9. ^ Pantarelli C, Pan D, Chetwynd S, Stark AK, Hornigold K, Machin P, et al. (August 2021). "The GPCR adaptor protein norbin suppresses the neutrophil-mediated immunity of mice to pneumococcal infection". Blood Advances. 5 (16): 3076–3091. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002782. PMID 34402884.
  10. ^ Ishiduka Y, Mochizuki R, Yanai K, Takatsuka M, Nonomura T, Niida S, et al. (May 1999). "Induction of hydroxyapatite resorptive activity in bone marrow cell populations resistant to bafilomycin A1 by a factor with restricted expression to bone and brain, neurochondrin". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1450 (1): 92–98. doi:10.1016/s0167-4889(99)00039-7. PMID 10231559.

Further reading


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