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{{Short description|Sudanese American geophysicist and climate scientist}}
{{Short description|Sudanese American geophysicist and climate scientist}}{{Infobox scientist
| name = Elfatih Eltahir
| native_name = الفاتح الطاهر
| native_name_lang = ar
| citizenship = {{flag|Sudan}}
| workplaces = [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Khartoum]] (BSc)<br>[[National University of Ireland]] (MSc)<br>[[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (PhD)
}}


'''Elfatih A. B. Eltahir''' ({{Lang-ar|الفاتح الطاهر}}) is the H.M. King [[Bhumibol Adulyadej|Bhumibol]] [[Professor]] of Hydrology and Climate at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cee.mit.edu/people_individual/elfatih-a-b-eltahir/ |title=Elfatih A. B. Eltahir |publisher=mit.edu |accessdate=April 26, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://eltahir.mit.edu/ |title=Research |publisher=mit.edu |accessdate=April 26, 2017}}</ref>
'''Elfatih A. B. Eltahir''' ({{Lang-ar|الفاتح الطاهر}}) is the H.M. King [[Bhumibol Adulyadej|Bhumibol]] [[Professor]] of Hydrology and Climate at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].


== Early life and education ==
== Early life and education ==
He earned a Bachelor of Science in civil engineering from the University of Khartoum in Sudan in 1985 (First Class Honors); a Master of Science in [[hydrology]] from the National University of Ireland in 1988 (First Class Honors); and the Master of Science in meteorology and the Doctor of Science in Hydro-climatology, both from MIT in the same year of 1993.
He earned a Bachelor of Science in civil engineering from the [[University of Khartoum]] in Sudan in 1985 (First Class Honors); a Master of Science in [[hydrology]] from the National University of Ireland in 1988 (First Class Honors); and the Master of Science in meteorology and the Doctor of Science in Hydro-climatology, both from MIT in the same year of 1993.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eltahir, Elfatih {{!}} MIT Center for Global Change Science |url=https://cgcs.mit.edu/people/eltahir-elfatih |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=cgcs.mit.edu |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://eltahir.mit.edu/ |title=Research |publisher=mit.edu |accessdate=April 26, 2017}}</ref>


== Career and research ==
== Career and research ==
Eltahir is currently the Director of the MIT-University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P) Research Program with a focus on Sustainable Development in Africa.
Eltahir is currently the Director of the MIT-University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P) Research Program with a focus on Sustainable Development in Africa.


His research focuses on how global climate change may impact society through changes in extreme weather, water availability and disease outbreaks, specially in Africa and Asia. He spent the last 25 years developing sophisticated computer models suitable for predicting regional and local impacts of climate change, and testing them against field and satellite observations. Using these models, he exposed the “hottest” spots on Earth: around the Persian Gulf and in South Asia, and predicted that habitability of these regions will be impacted due to deadly heatwaves, if climate change is not mitigated. This work received broad international media attention.
His research focuses on how global climate change may impact society through changes in extreme weather, water availability and disease outbreaks, specially in Africa and Asia. He spent the last 25 years developing sophisticated computer models suitable for predicting regional and local impacts of climate change, and testing them against field and satellite observations. Using these models, he exposed the “hottest” spots on Earth: around the Persian Gulf and in South Asia, and predicted that habitability of these regions will be impacted due to deadly heatwaves, if climate change is not mitigated. This work received broad international media attention.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elfatih Eltahir – Center for Complex Engineering Systems |url=https://complex.mit.edu/team/elfatih-eltahir/ |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=complex.mit.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Elfatih Eltahir (MIT), “Hydrology and Climate of the Nile Basin: Past, Present, and Future” (Yale Nile Initiative) {{!}} Environmental Humanities |url=https://environmentalhumanities.yale.edu/event/elfatih-eltahir-mit-hydrology-and-climate-nile-basin-past-present-and-future-yale-nile |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=environmentalhumanities.yale.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Eltahir |first=Elfatih A. B. |date=1998-04 |title=A Soil Moisture-Rainfall Feedback Mechanism: 1. Theory and observations |url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/97WR03499 |journal=Water Resources Research |language=en |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=765–776 |doi=10.1029/97WR03499}}</ref>


Eltahir is the author of more than 150 peer-reviewed articles on: (i) hydrology and climate of the Nile Basin, (ii) regional impact of deforestation and irrigation on climate and rainfall over West Africa, (iii) land-atmosphere interactions over North America, specially the role of soil moisture, (iv) [[effects of climate change|impact of climate change]] on future of heatwaves in Asia, and (v) environmental determinants of malaria transmission in Africa, among other topics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elfatih Eltahir |url=https://cee.mit.edu/people_individual/elfatih-eltahir/ |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=cee.mit.edu |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pal |first=Jeremy S. |last2=Eltahir |first2=Elfatih A. B. |date=2016-02 |title=Future temperature in southwest Asia projected to exceed a threshold for human adaptability |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2833 |journal=Nature Climate Change |language=en |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=197–200 |doi=10.1038/nclimate2833 |issn=1758-6798}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Home - Hydrology|url=https://connect.agu.org/hydrology/home|access-date=2021-11-15|website=connect.agu.org}}</ref>


⚫
He established long-term field sites to study the ecology of malaria transmission in several African villages, and improved significantly the state-of-the art tools for planning environmental management of this disease under the current climate (around new water reservoirs), and studied the impact of climate change on malaria transmission projecting a less worrisome future for malaria in West Africa than suggested by previous studies. In a later series of papers, Professor Eltahir investigated the ecology of Dengue transmission in Singapore. According to the Web of Science, Professor Eltahir published more than 21 peer-reviewed articles in the area of health covering the standard archival categories of infectious diseases, tropical medicine, and parasitology. These articles were published by leading journals such as Lancet, [[Nature Climate Change]], Malaria Journal, Parasites and Vectors, Geo-health, and Environmental Health Perspectives.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Arabic |first=M. I. T. |date=2020-03-16 |title=تعرف على الباحث السوداني الفاتح الطاهر وجهوده في مواجهة التحديات المناخية |url=https://technologyreview.ae/?p=11435 |access-date=2022-11-27 |website=إم آي تي تكنولوجي ريفيو |language=ar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cee.mit.edu/people_individual/elfatih-a-b-eltahir/ |title=Elfatih A. B. Eltahir |publisher=mit.edu |accessdate=April 26, 2017}}</ref>
Eltahir is the author of more than 150 peer-reviewed articles on:
(i) hydrology and climate of the Nile Basin,
(ii) regional impact of deforestation and irrigation on climate and rainfall over West Africa,
(iii) land-atmosphere interactions over North America, specially the role of soil moisture,
(iv) [[effects of climate change|impact of climate change]] on future of heatwaves in Asia, and
(v) environmental determinants of malaria transmission in Africa, among other topics.

⚫
He established long-term field sites to study the ecology of malaria transmission in several African villages, and improved significantly the state-of-the art tools for planning environmental management of this disease under the current climate (around new water reservoirs), and studied the impact of climate change on malaria transmission projecting a less worrisome future for malaria in West Africa than suggested by previous studies. In a later series of papers, Professor Eltahir investigated the ecology of Dengue transmission in Singapore. According to the Web of Science, Professor Eltahir published more than 21 peer-reviewed articles in the area of health covering the standard archival categories of infectious diseases, tropical medicine, and parasitology. These articles were published by leading journals such as Lancet, [[Nature Climate Change]], Malaria Journal, Parasites and Vectors, Geo-health, and Environmental Health Perspectives.


Google Scholar, accessed in June 2022, lists more than 12,500 citations of papers authored by Professor Eltahir, with an H-Index of 57.
Google Scholar, accessed in June 2022, lists more than 12,500 citations of papers authored by Professor Eltahir, with an H-Index of 57.


Titles of recent books by Professor Eltahir: “[https://www.amazon.com/Path-Forward-Sharing-Nile-Water-ebook/dp/B08128C2TD/ref=sr_1_2?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552491&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-2 A Path Forward for Sharing the Nile Water: Sustainable, Smart, Equitable, and Incremental]” (2019); “[https://www.amazon.com/PROJECTING-IMPACTS-CLIMATE-MALARIA-TRANSMISSION-ebook/dp/B08X9SHVRL/ref=sr_1_3?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552616&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-3 Projecting the Impacts of Climate Change on Malaria Transmission in Africa: Field Observations and Disease Transmission Modeling]” (2020); “[https://www.amazon.com/Natural-Variability-Nile-Floods-Pharaohs/dp/173406966X/ref=sr_1_7?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552616&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-7 Natural Variability of the Nile Floods: From Pharaoh's Dream to El Niño / La Niña] “ (2021); "[https://www.amazon.com/Future-Climate-Mediterranean-Europe-Alexandre/dp/1734069678/ref=sr_1_1?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552616&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-1 Future Climate of the Mediterranean and Europe]" (2022); "[https://www.amazon.com/HOTSPOTS-HEAT-STRESS-CHANGING-CLIMATE-ebook/dp/B0B25RHBS4/ref=sr_1_6?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552616&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-6 Hotspots for Heat Stress in a Changing Climate]", (2022). All available from Amazon.
Titles of recent books by Professor Eltahir: “[https://www.amazon.com/Path-Forward-Sharing-Nile-Water-ebook/dp/B08128C2TD/ref=sr_1_2?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552491&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-2 A Path Forward for Sharing the Nile Water: Sustainable, Smart, Equitable, and Incremental]” (2019); “[https://www.amazon.com/PROJECTING-IMPACTS-CLIMATE-MALARIA-TRANSMISSION-ebook/dp/B08X9SHVRL/ref=sr_1_3?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552616&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-3 Projecting the Impacts of Climate Change on Malaria Transmission in Africa: Field Observations and Disease Transmission Modeling]” (2020); “[https://www.amazon.com/Natural-Variability-Nile-Floods-Pharaohs/dp/173406966X/ref=sr_1_7?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552616&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-7 Natural Variability of the Nile Floods: From Pharaoh's Dream to El Niño / La Niña] “ (2021); "[https://www.amazon.com/Future-Climate-Mediterranean-Europe-Alexandre/dp/1734069678/ref=sr_1_1?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552616&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-1 Future Climate of the Mediterranean and Europe]" (2022); "[https://www.amazon.com/HOTSPOTS-HEAT-STRESS-CHANGING-CLIMATE-ebook/dp/B0B25RHBS4/ref=sr_1_6?crid=37SHNJT7AXM6T&keywords=elfatih+eltahir&qid=1660552616&sprefix=%2Caps%2C140&sr=8-6 Hotspots for Heat Stress in a Changing Climate]", (2022). All available from Amazon.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pal |first=Jeremy S. |last2=Small |first2=Eric E. |last3=Eltahir |first3=Elfatih A. B. |date=2000-12-27 |title=Simulation of regional-scale water and energy budgets: Representation of subgrid cloud and precipitation processes within RegCM |url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2000JD900415 |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |language=en |volume=105 |issue=D24 |pages=29579–29594 |doi=10.1029/2000JD900415}}</ref>


== Award and honours ==
== Award and honours ==
Eltahir received the US Presidential Early Career Award in 1997. He is an elected fellow of the American Geophysical Union, and a member of the Sudanese National Academy of Science. He is a member of the Scientific Council of the International Center of Theoretical Physics, in Trieste ITALY. In 1999, Eltahir received the Kuwait Prize in Applied Sciences for his work on Climate Change (youngest person to receive this Prize, offered to scientists from Arab countries). In 2017, Eltahir received the [[Hydrologic Sciences]] Award from the [[American Geophysical Union]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Home - Hydrology|url=https://connect.agu.org/hydrology/home|access-date=2021-11-15|website=connect.agu.org}}</ref>
Eltahir received the US Presidential Early Career Award in 1997. He is an elected fellow of the American Geophysical Union, and a member of the Sudanese National Academy of Science. He is a member of the Scientific Council of the International Center of Theoretical Physics, in Trieste ITALY. In 1999, Eltahir received the Kuwait Prize in Applied Sciences for his work on Climate Change (youngest person to receive this Prize, offered to scientists from Arab countries). In 2017, Eltahir received the [[Hydrologic Sciences]] Award from the [[American Geophysical Union]].

== Selected publications ==

* Pal, Jeremy S.; Small, Eric E.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. (2000-12-27). [http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/2000JD900415 ''Simulation of regional-scale water and energy budgets: Representation of subgrid cloud and precipitation processes within RegCM.''] ''[[Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres]]''. '''105''' (D24): 29579–29594. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.1029/2000JD900415.
* Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. (1998-04). [http://doi.wiley.com/10.1029/97WR03499 ''A Soil Moisture-Rainfall Feedback Mechanism: 1. Theory and observations'']. [[Water Resources Research]]. 34 (4): 765–776. doi:10.1029/97WR03499.
* Pal, Jeremy S.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. (2016-02). [https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2833 ''Future temperature in southwest Asia projected to exceed a threshold for human adaptability'']. [[Nature Climate Change]]. 6 (2): 197–200. doi:10.1038/nclimate2833. ISSN 1758-6798.
* Eltahir, E. A. B.; Bras, R. L. (1994-07). [[doi:10.1002/qj.49712051806|''Precipitation recycling in the Amazon basin'']]. ''[[Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society]]''. '''120''' (518): 861–880. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.1002/qj.49712051806.
* Findell, Kirsten L.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. (2003-06-01). [https://doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004%3C0552:ACOSML%3E2.0.CO;2 ''Atmospheric Controls on Soil Moisture–Boundary Layer Interactions. Part I: Framework Development'']. ''[[Journal of Hydrometeorology]]''. '''4''' (3): 552–569. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004&#x3C;0552:ACOSML&#x3E;2.0.CO;2. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] 1525-7541.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 18:37, 27 November 2022

Elfatih Eltahir
الفاتح الطاهر
Citizenship Sudan
Alma materUniversity of Khartoum (BSc)
National University of Ireland (MSc)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (PhD)
Scientific career
InstitutionsMassachusetts Institute of Technology

Elfatih A. B. Eltahir (Arabic: الفاتح الطاهر) is the H.M. King Bhumibol Professor of Hydrology and Climate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Early life and education

He earned a Bachelor of Science in civil engineering from the University of Khartoum in Sudan in 1985 (First Class Honors); a Master of Science in hydrology from the National University of Ireland in 1988 (First Class Honors); and the Master of Science in meteorology and the Doctor of Science in Hydro-climatology, both from MIT in the same year of 1993.[1][2]

Career and research

Eltahir is currently the Director of the MIT-University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P) Research Program with a focus on Sustainable Development in Africa.

His research focuses on how global climate change may impact society through changes in extreme weather, water availability and disease outbreaks, specially in Africa and Asia. He spent the last 25 years developing sophisticated computer models suitable for predicting regional and local impacts of climate change, and testing them against field and satellite observations. Using these models, he exposed the “hottest” spots on Earth: around the Persian Gulf and in South Asia, and predicted that habitability of these regions will be impacted due to deadly heatwaves, if climate change is not mitigated. This work received broad international media attention.[3][4][5]

Eltahir is the author of more than 150 peer-reviewed articles on: (i) hydrology and climate of the Nile Basin, (ii) regional impact of deforestation and irrigation on climate and rainfall over West Africa, (iii) land-atmosphere interactions over North America, specially the role of soil moisture, (iv) impact of climate change on future of heatwaves in Asia, and (v) environmental determinants of malaria transmission in Africa, among other topics.[6][7][8]

He established long-term field sites to study the ecology of malaria transmission in several African villages, and improved significantly the state-of-the art tools for planning environmental management of this disease under the current climate (around new water reservoirs), and studied the impact of climate change on malaria transmission projecting a less worrisome future for malaria in West Africa than suggested by previous studies. In a later series of papers, Professor Eltahir investigated the ecology of Dengue transmission in Singapore. According to the Web of Science, Professor Eltahir published more than 21 peer-reviewed articles in the area of health covering the standard archival categories of infectious diseases, tropical medicine, and parasitology. These articles were published by leading journals such as Lancet, Nature Climate Change, Malaria Journal, Parasites and Vectors, Geo-health, and Environmental Health Perspectives.[9][10]

Google Scholar, accessed in June 2022, lists more than 12,500 citations of papers authored by Professor Eltahir, with an H-Index of 57.

Titles of recent books by Professor Eltahir: “A Path Forward for Sharing the Nile Water: Sustainable, Smart, Equitable, and Incremental” (2019); “Projecting the Impacts of Climate Change on Malaria Transmission in Africa: Field Observations and Disease Transmission Modeling” (2020); “Natural Variability of the Nile Floods: From Pharaoh's Dream to El Niño / La Niña “ (2021); "Future Climate of the Mediterranean and Europe" (2022); "Hotspots for Heat Stress in a Changing Climate", (2022). All available from Amazon.[11]

Award and honours

Eltahir received the US Presidential Early Career Award in 1997. He is an elected fellow of the American Geophysical Union, and a member of the Sudanese National Academy of Science. He is a member of the Scientific Council of the International Center of Theoretical Physics, in Trieste ITALY. In 1999, Eltahir received the Kuwait Prize in Applied Sciences for his work on Climate Change (youngest person to receive this Prize, offered to scientists from Arab countries). In 2017, Eltahir received the Hydrologic Sciences Award from the American Geophysical Union.

Selected publications

References

  1. ^ "Eltahir, Elfatih | MIT Center for Global Change Science". cgcs.mit.edu. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
  2. ^ "Research". mit.edu. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  3. ^ "Elfatih Eltahir – Center for Complex Engineering Systems". complex.mit.edu. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
  4. ^ "Elfatih Eltahir (MIT), "Hydrology and Climate of the Nile Basin: Past, Present, and Future" (Yale Nile Initiative) | Environmental Humanities". environmentalhumanities.yale.edu. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
  5. ^ Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. (1998-04). "A Soil Moisture-Rainfall Feedback Mechanism: 1. Theory and observations". Water Resources Research. 34 (4): 765–776. doi:10.1029/97WR03499. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  6. ^ "Elfatih Eltahir". cee.mit.edu. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
  7. ^ Pal, Jeremy S.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. (2016-02). "Future temperature in southwest Asia projected to exceed a threshold for human adaptability". Nature Climate Change. 6 (2): 197–200. doi:10.1038/nclimate2833. ISSN 1758-6798. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. ^ "Home - Hydrology". connect.agu.org. Retrieved 2021-11-15.
  9. ^ Arabic, M. I. T. (2020-03-16). "تعرف على الباحث السوداني الفاتح الطاهر وجهوده في مواجهة التحديات المناخية". إم آي تي تكنولوجي ريفيو (in Arabic). Retrieved 2022-11-27.
  10. ^ "Elfatih A. B. Eltahir". mit.edu. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  11. ^ Pal, Jeremy S.; Small, Eric E.; Eltahir, Elfatih A. B. (2000-12-27). "Simulation of regional-scale water and energy budgets: Representation of subgrid cloud and precipitation processes within RegCM". Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 105 (D24): 29579–29594. doi:10.1029/2000JD900415.
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