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Research led by [[Jim Mann (scientist)|Jim Mann]] and [[Andrew Reynolds (researcher)|Andrew Reynolds]] established the evidence for the health benefits of increasing [[Dietary fiber|dietary fibre]] and replacing [[refined grains]] with [[Whole grain|whole grains]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reynolds |first=Andrew |last2=Mann |first2=Jim |last3=Cummings |first3=John |last4=Winter |first4=Nicola |last5=Mete |first5=Evelyn |last6=Te Morenga |first6=Lisa |date=2019 |title=Carbohydrate quality and human health: a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31809-9 |journal=The Lancet |volume=393 |issue=10170 |pages=434–445 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31809-9 |issn=0140-6736}}</ref> Their work also supported the importance of replacing trans fats and saturated fats with polunsaturated fats, plant monounsaturated fats, and slowly-digested carbohydrates in one's diet to reduce the risk of coronary heart diease.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Reynolds |first=Andrew N. |url=https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240061668 |title=Saturated fat and trans-fat intakes and their replacement with other macronutrients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies |last2=Hodson |first2=Leanne |last3=de Souza |first3=Russell |last4=Tran Diep Pham |first4=Huyen |last5=Vlietstra |first5=Lara |last6=Mann |first6=Jim |publisher=World Health Organization |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-4-006166-8 |location=Geneva}}</ref> These findings contributed to updated European guidelines for dietary management of diabetes, including the possibility of reversing [[type 2 diabetes]] through weight loss.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=The Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group (DNSG) of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) |last2=Aas |first2=Anne-Marie |last3=Axelsen |first3=Mette |last4=Churuangsuk |first4=Chaitong |last5=Hermansen |first5=Kjeld |last6=Kendall |first6=Cyril W. C. |last7=Kahleova |first7=Hana |last8=Khan |first8=Tauseef |last9=Lean |first9=Michael E. J. |last10=Mann |first10=Jim I. |last11=Pedersen |first11=Eva |last12=Pfeiffer |first12=Andreas |last13=Rahelić |first13=Dario |last14=Reynolds |first14=Andrew N. |last15=Risérus |first15=Ulf |date=2023 |title=Evidence-based European recommendations for the dietary management of diabetes |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00125-023-05894-8 |journal=Diabetologia |language=en |volume=66 |issue=6 |pages=965–985 |doi=10.1007/s00125-023-05894-8 |issn=0012-186X}}</ref>
Research led by [[Jim Mann (scientist)|Jim Mann]] and [[Andrew Reynolds (researcher)|Andrew Reynolds]] established the evidence for the health benefits of increasing [[Dietary fiber|dietary fibre]] and replacing [[refined grains]] with [[Whole grain|whole grains]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Reynolds |first=Andrew |last2=Mann |first2=Jim |last3=Cummings |first3=John |last4=Winter |first4=Nicola |last5=Mete |first5=Evelyn |last6=Te Morenga |first6=Lisa |date=2019 |title=Carbohydrate quality and human health: a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31809-9 |journal=The Lancet |volume=393 |issue=10170 |pages=434–445 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31809-9 |issn=0140-6736}}</ref> Their work also supported the importance of replacing trans fats and saturated fats with polunsaturated fats, plant monounsaturated fats, and slowly-digested carbohydrates in one's diet to reduce the risk of coronary heart diease.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Reynolds |first=Andrew N. |url=https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240061668 |title=Saturated fat and trans-fat intakes and their replacement with other macronutrients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies |last2=Hodson |first2=Leanne |last3=de Souza |first3=Russell |last4=Tran Diep Pham |first4=Huyen |last5=Vlietstra |first5=Lara |last6=Mann |first6=Jim |publisher=World Health Organization |year=2022 |isbn=978-92-4-006166-8 |location=Geneva}}</ref> These findings contributed to updated European guidelines for dietary management of diabetes, including the possibility of reversing [[type 2 diabetes]] through weight loss.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=The Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group (DNSG) of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) |last2=Aas |first2=Anne-Marie |last3=Axelsen |first3=Mette |last4=Churuangsuk |first4=Chaitong |last5=Hermansen |first5=Kjeld |last6=Kendall |first6=Cyril W. C. |last7=Kahleova |first7=Hana |last8=Khan |first8=Tauseef |last9=Lean |first9=Michael E. J. |last10=Mann |first10=Jim I. |last11=Pedersen |first11=Eva |last12=Pfeiffer |first12=Andreas |last13=Rahelić |first13=Dario |last14=Reynolds |first14=Andrew N. |last15=Risérus |first15=Ulf |date=2023 |title=Evidence-based European recommendations for the dietary management of diabetes |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00125-023-05894-8 |journal=Diabetologia |language=en |volume=66 |issue=6 |pages=965–985 |doi=10.1007/s00125-023-05894-8 |issn=0012-186X}}</ref>

Healthier Lives researchers in partnership with Māori health providers developed a set of guidelines for health interventions with Māori communities, the He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework; the Framework is based on building relationships and co-designing the way interventions are carried out.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oetzel |first=John |last2=Scott |first2=Nina |last3=Hudson |first3=Maui |last4=Masters-Awatere |first4=Bridgette |last5=Rarere |first5=Moana |last6=Foote |first6=Jeff |last7=Beaton |first7=Angela |last8=Ehau |first8=Terry |date=2017 |title=Implementation framework for chronic disease intervention effectiveness in Māori and other indigenous communities |url=http://globalizationandhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12992-017-0295-8 |journal=Globalization and Health |language=en |volume=13 |issue=1 |doi=10.1186/s12992-017-0295-8 |issn=1744-8603 |pmc=PMC5584010 |pmid=28870225}}</ref> A network of health providers and researchers, the Healthier Lives Implementation Network, was set up to better meet the health needs of Māori and Pacific communities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Healthier Lives Implementation Network |url=https://www.healthierlivesimplementationnetwork.co.nz/ |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=Healthier Lives Implementation Network |language=en}}</ref>

Several Healthier Lives studies used big data to answer health questions:<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Big data for big problems |url=https://www.otago.ac.nz/hekitenga/2017/otago672678.html |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=University of Otago Research Highlights |language=en-nz}}</ref> one looked at the rates of cardiovascular disease following the [[2011 Christchurch earthquake|Canterbury earthquakes of 2010–2011]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Teng |first=Andrea M |last2=Blakely |first2=Tony |last3=Ivory |first3=Vivienne |last4=Kingham |first4=Simon |last5=Cameron |first5=Vicky |date=2017-09-01 |title=Living in areas with different levels of earthquake damage and association with risk of cardiovascular disease: a cohort-linkage study |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(17)30101-8 |journal=The Lancet Planetary Health |volume=1 |issue=6 |pages=E242–E253}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2017-09-26 |title=Earthquakes literally broke hearts in New Zealand |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-disasters-heart-risks-idUSKCN1C12D2 |access-date=2023-07-17}}</ref> another at the factors affecting the progession of [[prediabetes]] to diabetes in New Zealand (including the surprising finding that speaking [[Te Reo Māori]] reduced the risk of progression),<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Teng |first=Andrea |last2=Blakely |first2=Tony |last3=Scott |first3=Nina |last4=Jansen |first4=Rawiri |last5=Masters-Awatere |first5=Bridgette |last6=Krebs |first6=Jeremy |last7=Oetzel |first7=John |date=2019 |title=What protects against pre-diabetes progressing to diabetes? Observational study of integrated health and social data |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2018.12.003 |journal=Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice |volume=148 |pages=119–129 |doi=10.1016/j.diabres.2018.12.003 |issn=0168-8227}}</ref> and a third estimated the prevalence of cancer in New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brewer |first=Naomi |last2=Teng |first2=Andrea |last3=Atkinson |first3=June |last4=Guilford |first4=Parry |last5=Print |first5=Cristin |last6=Blakely |first6=Tony |date=2020-05-08 |title=An estimate of limited duration cancer prevalence in New Zealand using 'big' data |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32379739/ |journal=The New Zealand Medical Journal |volume=133 |issue=1514 |pages=49–62 |issn=1175-8716 |pmid=32379739}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 21:38, 17 July 2023

Healthier Lives – He Oranga Hauora is one of New Zealand's eleven collaborative research programmes known as National Science Challenges. Running from 2015 to 2024, its research focus is cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes in the New Zealand population, encompassing prevention, treatment, and reducing health inequity.

Establishment

The New Zealand Government agreed in August 2012 to fund National Science Challenges: large multi-year collaborative research programmes that would address important issues in New Zealand's future. The funding criteria were set out in January 2014, with proposals assessed by a Science Board within the Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment (MBIE).[1] In November 2015 the University of Otago was chosen to lead the Heathier Lives national science challenge, with a budget of $31.26 million over 10 years.[2]

University of Otago Professor Jim Mann was appointed as director of Healthier Lives, and the programme was launched at a ceremony at Ōtākou Marae on Otago Peninsula on 4 December 2015.[3] The programme was to be hosted at Otago, with other research partners around New Zealand including AgResearch, Auckland University of Technology, ESR, the Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Massey University, the University of Auckland, the University of Canterbury, the University of Waikato and Victoria University of Wellington.[4]

Research

The focus of Heathier Lives is four chronic, non-communicable diseases cancer, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes, which together account for one third of total death and disability in New Zealand.[5] At the time of establishment, the goal of Healthier Lives was to reduce the overall burden on these diseases on New Zealand's health system by 25% by the year 2025.[3] At the halfway point in 2019, this was refined into a research strategy that addressed three areas: healthy food and physical activity; culturally-centred health and wellbeing for Māori and Pasifika; and precision medicine for cancer and cardiovascular disease.[5]

A study led by Rod Jackson created new and more accurate equations for the predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease. The clinical study of 400,000 New Zealanders aged 30–74 revealed the differences in risk from socioeconomic factors and ethnicity: Māori, Pacific, and Indian patients had a 13–48% greater risk of cardiovascular disease than Pākehā, but Chinese and other Asian New Zealanders had a 25–33% lower risk.[6][7] The research replaced developed from a US study of just 5,000 people, which significantly overestimated risk factors.[7] The Ministry of Health adopted these equations and issued a new data standard, which was incorporated into MedTech, the medical records system used by New Zealand GPs.

Research led by Jim Mann and Andrew Reynolds established the evidence for the health benefits of increasing dietary fibre and replacing refined grains with whole grains.[8] Their work also supported the importance of replacing trans fats and saturated fats with polunsaturated fats, plant monounsaturated fats, and slowly-digested carbohydrates in one's diet to reduce the risk of coronary heart diease.[9] These findings contributed to updated European guidelines for dietary management of diabetes, including the possibility of reversing type 2 diabetes through weight loss.[10]

Healthier Lives researchers in partnership with Māori health providers developed a set of guidelines for health interventions with Māori communities, the He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework; the Framework is based on building relationships and co-designing the way interventions are carried out.[11] A network of health providers and researchers, the Healthier Lives Implementation Network, was set up to better meet the health needs of Māori and Pacific communities.[12]

Several Healthier Lives studies used big data to answer health questions:[13] one looked at the rates of cardiovascular disease following the Canterbury earthquakes of 2010–2011,[14][15] another at the factors affecting the progession of prediabetes to diabetes in New Zealand (including the surprising finding that speaking Te Reo Māori reduced the risk of progression),[16] and a third estimated the prevalence of cancer in New Zealand.[17]

References

  1. ^ "Criteria for Proposals for National Science Challenges funding - 2014-go548". New Zealand Gazette. 31 January 2014. Retrieved 2023-07-11.
  2. ^ Elder, Vaughan (2015-11-24). "Further boost for Otago health sciences". Otago Daily Times Online News. Retrieved 2023-07-11.
  3. ^ a b Elder, Vaughan (2015-12-05). "Magnitude of health challenge highlighted". Otago Daily Times Online News. Retrieved 2023-07-11.
  4. ^ New Zealand Goverment (4 December 2015). "Healthier Lives Challenge tackles major diseases". Scoop News. Retrieved 2023-07-11.
  5. ^ a b Heathier Lives National Science Challenge Research Strategy 2019–2024. Dunedin: Department of Medicine, University of Otago. June 2019.
  6. ^ Pylypchuk, Romana; Wells, Sue; Kerr, Andrew; Poppe, Katrina; Riddell, Tania; Harwood, Matire; Exeter, Dan; Mehta, Suneela; Grey, Corina; Wu, Billy P; Metcalf, Patricia; Warren, Jim; Harrison, Jeff; Marshall, Roger; Jackson, Rod (2018). "Cardiovascular disease risk prediction equations in 400 000 primary care patients in New Zealand: a derivation and validation study". The Lancet. 391 (10133): 1897–1907.
  7. ^ a b Dreaver, Charlie (2018-05-05). "Māori, Pasifika and South Asians at greater risk of cardiovascular disease - study". RNZ. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
  8. ^ Reynolds, Andrew; Mann, Jim; Cummings, John; Winter, Nicola; Mete, Evelyn; Te Morenga, Lisa (2019). "Carbohydrate quality and human health: a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses". The Lancet. 393 (10170): 434–445. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31809-9. ISSN 0140-6736.
  9. ^ Reynolds, Andrew N.; Hodson, Leanne; de Souza, Russell; Tran Diep Pham, Huyen; Vlietstra, Lara; Mann, Jim (2022). Saturated fat and trans-fat intakes and their replacement with other macronutrients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. Geneva: World Health Organization. ISBN 978-92-4-006166-8.
  10. ^ The Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group (DNSG) of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD); Aas, Anne-Marie; Axelsen, Mette; Churuangsuk, Chaitong; Hermansen, Kjeld; Kendall, Cyril W. C.; Kahleova, Hana; Khan, Tauseef; Lean, Michael E. J.; Mann, Jim I.; Pedersen, Eva; Pfeiffer, Andreas; Rahelić, Dario; Reynolds, Andrew N.; Risérus, Ulf (2023). "Evidence-based European recommendations for the dietary management of diabetes". Diabetologia. 66 (6): 965–985. doi:10.1007/s00125-023-05894-8. ISSN 0012-186X.
  11. ^ Oetzel, John; Scott, Nina; Hudson, Maui; Masters-Awatere, Bridgette; Rarere, Moana; Foote, Jeff; Beaton, Angela; Ehau, Terry (2017). "Implementation framework for chronic disease intervention effectiveness in Māori and other indigenous communities". Globalization and Health. 13 (1). doi:10.1186/s12992-017-0295-8. ISSN 1744-8603. PMC 5584010. PMID 28870225.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  12. ^ "Healthier Lives Implementation Network". Healthier Lives Implementation Network. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
  13. ^ "Big data for big problems". University of Otago Research Highlights. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
  14. ^ Teng, Andrea M; Blakely, Tony; Ivory, Vivienne; Kingham, Simon; Cameron, Vicky (2017-09-01). "Living in areas with different levels of earthquake damage and association with risk of cardiovascular disease: a cohort-linkage study". The Lancet Planetary Health. 1 (6): E242–E253.
  15. ^ "Earthquakes literally broke hearts in New Zealand". Reuters. 2017-09-26. Retrieved 2023-07-17.
  16. ^ Teng, Andrea; Blakely, Tony; Scott, Nina; Jansen, Rawiri; Masters-Awatere, Bridgette; Krebs, Jeremy; Oetzel, John (2019). "What protects against pre-diabetes progressing to diabetes? Observational study of integrated health and social data". Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 148: 119–129. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2018.12.003. ISSN 0168-8227.
  17. ^ Brewer, Naomi; Teng, Andrea; Atkinson, June; Guilford, Parry; Print, Cristin; Blakely, Tony (2020-05-08). "An estimate of limited duration cancer prevalence in New Zealand using 'big' data". The New Zealand Medical Journal. 133 (1514): 49–62. ISSN 1175-8716. PMID 32379739.

External links

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