Makarios II of Cyprus: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Archbishop of Cyprus from 1947 to 1950}} |
{{Short description|Archbishop of Cyprus from 1947 to 1950}} |
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{{Unreferenced|date=November 2007}} |
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[[File:MakariosB.jpg|thumb]] |
[[File:MakariosB.jpg|thumb]] |
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'''Makarios II''' ({{lang-el|Μακάριος Β΄}}; born '''Michail Charalambous Papaioannou''' [{{lang|el|Μιχαήλ Χαραλάμπους Παπαϊωάννου}}]; 1870 – 28 June 1950) was the [[Archbishop of Cyprus]] from 1947 until 1950. |
'''Makarios II''' ({{lang-el|Μακάριος Β΄}}; born '''Michail Charalambous Papaioannou''' [{{lang|el|Μιχαήλ Χαραλάμπους Παπαϊωάννου}}]; 1870 – 28 June 1950) was the [[Archbishop of Cyprus]] from 1947 until 1950.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Parry |first=Ken |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vaukEAAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity |last2=Melling |first2=David J. |last3=Brady |first3=Dimitri |last4=Griffith |first4=Sidney H. |last5=Healey |first5=John F. |date=2000-11-08 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-0-631-18966-4 |pages=149 |language=en}}</ref> |
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== Biography == |
== Biography == |
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In 1912, he enlisted in the [[Hellenic Army]] and served as chaplain during the [[Balkan Wars]]. On 20 March 1917, he was elected Bishop of [[Kyrenia]]. |
In 1912, he enlisted in the [[Hellenic Army]] and served as chaplain during the [[Balkan Wars]]. On 20 March 1917, he was elected Bishop of [[Kyrenia]]. |
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After the disturbances of October 1931, Makarios was exiled by the British administration. He remained in [[Pangrati, Athens]] during [[World War II]] and returned to Cyprus on 22 December 1946. |
After the disturbances of October 1931, Makarios was exiled by the British administration. He remained in [[Pagrati|Pangrati, Athens]] during [[World War II]] and returned to Cyprus on 22 December 1946. |
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Makarios II was elected [[Archbishop of Cyprus]], without an opponent, on 24 December 1947. He died on 28 June 1950 and was succeeded by [[Makarios III]]. |
Makarios II was elected [[Archbishop of Cyprus]], without an opponent after the death of the [[Bishop of Kitium]], on 24 December 1947.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mayes |first=Stanley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pzuuCwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Makarios: A Biography |date=1981-03-26 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-349-16500-1 |pages=27 |language=en}}</ref> He died on 28 June 1950 and was succeeded by [[Makarios III]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6YgeAQAAMAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=The Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate |date=1977 |pages=70 |language=en}}</ref> |
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== Relationship with Enosis == |
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On 6 March 1950, shortly before the Israeli consulate opened in [[Nicosia]], Makarios II sent a letter to the office of Israeli Prime Minister [[David Ben-Gurion]], dated 10 February 1950, describing the support of the Greek Cypriot population in unification with Greece ([[Enosis|''enosis'']]). The same letter was sent to other heads of states to encourage support for Cypriot independence from [[Great Britain]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Haritos |first=Gabriel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XKavEAAAQBAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Israel and the Cyprus Question: Foreign Policy, Diplomacy and International Relations 1946-1960 |date=2023-05-18 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-350-35640-5 |pages=39-40 |language=en}}</ref> The letter was the first Greek Cypriot document entered in the [[Israel State Archives]]. |
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== References == |
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{{Succession box|title=[[List of Archbishops of Cyprus|Archbishop of Cyprus]]|before=[[Archbishop Leontios of Cyprus|Leontios]]|after=[[Makarios III]]|years=1947– 1950}} |
{{Succession box|title=[[List of Archbishops of Cyprus|Archbishop of Cyprus]]|before=[[Archbishop Leontios of Cyprus|Leontios]]|after=[[Makarios III]]|years=1947– 1950}} |
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Revision as of 16:51, 9 November 2023
Makarios II (Greek: Μακάριος Β΄; born Michail Charalambous Papaioannou [Μιχαήλ Χαραλάμπους Παπαϊωάννου]; 1870 – 28 June 1950) was the Archbishop of Cyprus from 1947 until 1950.[1]
Biography
Michail Charalambous Papaioannou was born in a Greek Cypriot family in the village of Prodromos, Ottoman occupied Cyprus, in 1870.
In 1895, he was ordained a deacon and left Cyprus for further education. He studied at the Great School of the Nation in Constantinople before entering the Halki seminary.
In 1912, he enlisted in the Hellenic Army and served as chaplain during the Balkan Wars. On 20 March 1917, he was elected Bishop of Kyrenia.
After the disturbances of October 1931, Makarios was exiled by the British administration. He remained in Pangrati, Athens during World War II and returned to Cyprus on 22 December 1946.
Makarios II was elected Archbishop of Cyprus, without an opponent after the death of the Bishop of Kitium, on 24 December 1947.[2] He died on 28 June 1950 and was succeeded by Makarios III.[3]
Relationship with Enosis
On 6 March 1950, shortly before the Israeli consulate opened in Nicosia, Makarios II sent a letter to the office of Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, dated 10 February 1950, describing the support of the Greek Cypriot population in unification with Greece (enosis). The same letter was sent to other heads of states to encourage support for Cypriot independence from Great Britain.[4] The letter was the first Greek Cypriot document entered in the Israel State Archives.
References
- ^ Parry, Ken; Melling, David J.; Brady, Dimitri; Griffith, Sidney H.; Healey, John F. (2000-11-08). The Blackwell Dictionary of Eastern Christianity. John Wiley & Sons. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-631-18966-4.
- ^ Mayes, Stanley (1981-03-26). Makarios: A Biography. Springer. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-349-16500-1.
- ^ The Journal of the Moscow Patriarchate. 1977. p. 70.
- ^ Haritos, Gabriel (2023-05-18). Israel and the Cyprus Question: Foreign Policy, Diplomacy and International Relations 1946-1960. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 39–40. ISBN 978-1-350-35640-5.
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