Pre-exposure prophylaxis: Difference between revisions
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The abbreviation PrEP now typically refers to [[pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention]], the use of [[antiviral drugs]] as a strategy for the [[prevention of HIV/AIDS]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-03|title=Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis|url=https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-prevention/using-hiv-medication-to-reduce-risk/pre-exposure-prophylaxis|access-date=2020-08-03|website=HIV.gov}}</ref> PrEP is one of a number of [[HIV]] prevention strategies for people who are HIV negative but who have a higher risk of acquiring HIV, including sexually active adults at increased risk of contracting HIV, people who engage in intravenous drug use (see [[drug injection]]), and [[serodiscordant]] sexually active couples.<ref name="CDCGuidelines">{{cite web|last1=US Public Health Service|title=Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States - 2014|url=https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/PrEPguidelines2014.pdf|publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |access-date=15 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411090433/https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/prepguidelines2014.pdf|archive-date=11 April 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
The abbreviation PrEP now typically refers to [[pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention]], the use of [[antiviral drugs]] as a strategy for the [[prevention of HIV/AIDS]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-03|title=Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis|url=https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-prevention/using-hiv-medication-to-reduce-risk/pre-exposure-prophylaxis|access-date=2020-08-03|website=HIV.gov}}</ref> PrEP is one of a number of [[HIV]] prevention strategies for people who are HIV negative but who have a higher risk of acquiring HIV, including sexually active adults at increased risk of contracting HIV, people who engage in intravenous drug use (see [[drug injection]]), and [[serodiscordant]] sexually active couples.<ref name="CDCGuidelines">{{cite web|last1=US Public Health Service|title=Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States - 2014|url=https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/PrEPguidelines2014.pdf|publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |access-date=15 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180411090433/https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/prepguidelines2014.pdf|archive-date=11 April 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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When used as directed, PrEP has been shown to be highly effective at prevnting HIV infection, reducing the risk of acquiring HIV by up to 99%.<ref name="CDC">{{Cite web |date=2019-11-12 |title=Effectiveness of Prevention Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Acquiring or Transmitting HIV |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/estimates/preventionstrategies.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210012105/https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/estimates/preventionstrategies.html |archive-date=10 December 2019 |access-date=9 December 2019 |website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)}}</ref> Large-scale studies have shown that PrEP to prevent HIV infection remains effective even when used in uncontrolled environments.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sullivan |first=Ann K |last2=Saunders |first2=John |last3=Desai |first3=Monica |last4=Cartier |first4=Andrea |last5=Mitchell |first5=Holly D |last6=Jaffer |first6=Sajjida |last7=Ogaz |first7=Dana |last8=Chiavenna |first8=Chiara |last9=Charlett |first9=Andre |last10=Diamente |first10=Victor |last11=Golombek |first11=Rainer |last12=Manavi |first12=Kaveh |last13=Priestley |first13=Cecilia |last14=Waters |first14=Laura J |last15=Milinkovic |first15=Ana |date=2023-12 |title=HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and its implementation in the PrEP Impact Trial in England: a pragmatic health technology assessment |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(23)00256-4 |journal=The Lancet HIV |volume=10 |issue=12 |pages=e790–e806 |doi=10.1016/s2352-3018(23)00256-4 |issn=2352-3018}}</ref> |
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== COVID-19 == |
== COVID-19 == |
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Revision as of 13:08, 30 November 2023
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), is the use of medications to prevent the spread of disease in people who have not yet been exposed to a disease-causing agent.
Examples include the taking of medication to prevent infection by malaria or HIV. In particular, the term "PrEP" is now synonymous in popular usage with the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention.
Malaria
The use of pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent malaria is well-established.[1]
HIV/AIDS
The abbreviation PrEP now typically refers to pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention, the use of antiviral drugs as a strategy for the prevention of HIV/AIDS.[2] PrEP is one of a number of HIV prevention strategies for people who are HIV negative but who have a higher risk of acquiring HIV, including sexually active adults at increased risk of contracting HIV, people who engage in intravenous drug use (see drug injection), and serodiscordant sexually active couples.[3]
When used as directed, PrEP has been shown to be highly effective at prevnting HIV infection, reducing the risk of acquiring HIV by up to 99%.[4] Large-scale studies have shown that PrEP to prevent HIV infection remains effective even when used in uncontrolled environments.[5]
COVID-19
Pre-exposure prophylaxis against infection by SARS-Cov-2, the infectious agent that causes COVID-19, has been studied as a possible treatment for high-risk groups.[6]
References
- ^ "Malaria | CDC Yellow Book 2024". wwwnc.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
- ^ "Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis". HIV.gov. 2019-12-03. Retrieved 2020-08-03.
- ^ US Public Health Service. "Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States - 2014" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2018. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
- ^ "Effectiveness of Prevention Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Acquiring or Transmitting HIV". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2019-11-12. Archived from the original on 10 December 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
- ^ Sullivan, Ann K; Saunders, John; Desai, Monica; Cartier, Andrea; Mitchell, Holly D; Jaffer, Sajjida; Ogaz, Dana; Chiavenna, Chiara; Charlett, Andre; Diamente, Victor; Golombek, Rainer; Manavi, Kaveh; Priestley, Cecilia; Waters, Laura J; Milinkovic, Ana (2023-12). "HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and its implementation in the PrEP Impact Trial in England: a pragmatic health technology assessment". The Lancet HIV. 10 (12): e790–e806. doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(23)00256-4. ISSN 2352-3018.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and COVID-19: independent advisory group report". GOV.UK. Retrieved 2023-11-30.
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