Tribodus: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Genus of hybodont shark from the Early Cretaceous period}} |
{{short description|Genus of hybodont shark from the Early Cretaceous period}} |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
{{Automatic taxobox |
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| fossil_range = |
| fossil_range = {{fossilrange|Albian|Cenomanian}} |
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| taxon = Tribodus |
| taxon = Tribodus |
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| authority = Brito & Ferreira, 1989 |
| authority = Brito & Ferreira, 1989 |
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'''''Tribodus''''' is an extinct genus of [[hybodont]] [[shark]]. It lived during the |
'''''Tribodus''''' is an extinct genus of [[hybodont]] [[shark]]. It lived during the mid Cretaceous ([[Albian]]-[[Cenomanian]]) with fossils being known from northern South America, North Africa, and southern Europe.<ref name=":0">R. Vullo, D. Néraudeau [https://geojournals.pgi.gov.pl/agp/article/view/10011 When the “primitive” shark ''Tribodus'' (Hybodontiformes) meets the “modern” ray ''Pseudohypolophus'' (Rajiformes), the unique co-occurrence of these two durophagous Cretaceous selachians in Charentes (SW France)] Acta Geologica Polonica, 58 (2) (2008), pp. 249-255</ref> This genus is known from articulated and somewhat complete specimens from the [[Romualdo Formation]] of northeastern Brazil, known for the extraordinary preservation of the fossil remains found. ''Tribodus'' specimens have been preserved three-dimensionally, and acid-preparation methods have revealed much of the anatomy of this shark.<ref name=Triboduslimae>{{cite journal|last1=Maisey|first1=J.G.|last2=Denton|first2=J.S.S.|year=2016|title=Dermal denticle patterning in the Cretaceous hybodont shark ''Tribodus limae'' (Euselachii, Hybodontiformes), and its implications for the evolution of patterning in the chondrichthyan dermal skeleton|journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology|pages=e1179200-2|date=2016|volume=36|issue=5|doi=10.1080/02724634.2016.1179200|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=Tribodus>{{Cite journal|last1=Lane|first1=Jennifer A.|last2=Maisey|first2=John G.|date=2012|title=The Visceral Skeleton and Jaw Suspension In the Durophagous Hybodontid Shark ''Tribodus limae'' from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil|url=https://bioone.org/journals/Journal-of-Paleontology/volume-86/issue-5/11-139.1/The-Visceral-Skeleton-and-Jaw-Suspension-In-the-Durophagous-Hybodontid/10.1666/11-139.1.full|journal=Journal of Paleontology|volume=86|issue=5|pages=886–905|doi=10.1666/11-139.1|s2cid=86285896|issn=0022-3360}}</ref> ''Tribodus'' is found to have dorsal fin-spines and head spines, though only in males.<ref name=Tribodus/> The skin of ''Tribodus'' had two distinct types of [[dermal denticles]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maisey |first=John G. |last2=Denton |first2=John S. S. |date=2016-09-02 |title=Dermal denticle patterning in the Cretaceous hybodont shark Tribodus limae (Euselachii, Hybodontiformes), and its implications for the evolution of patterning in the chondrichthyan dermal skeleton |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2016.1179200 |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |language=en |volume=36 |issue=5 |pages=e1179200 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2016.1179200 |issn=0272-4634}}</ref> ''Tribodus limae'' reached a total length of about {{Convert|1|m|ft}}. Species of ''Tribodus'' have been found in shallow marine as well as [[Fluvial sediment processes|fluvial]] and [[deltaic]] environments. It may have spawned in shallow-water vegetated areas.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vullo |first=Romain |last2=Néraudeau |first2=Didier |last3=Dépré |first3=Eric |date=2013-10 |title=Vertebrate remains from the Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) plant-bearing Lagerstätte of Puy-Puy (Charente-Maritime, France) |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0195667113001043 |journal=Cretaceous Research |language=en |volume=45 |pages=314–320 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2013.06.002}}</ref> The teeth of ''Tribodus'' were specialised for [[durophagy]] (crushing hard shelled organisms). They were small, less than {{Convert|5|mm|in|frac=32}} across and polygonal with a low cusp, and colllectively formed a flat pavement that was effective at grinding.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Benyoucef |first=Madani |last2=Pérez-García |first2=Adán |last3=Bendella |first3=Mohamed |last4=Ortega |first4=Francisco |last5=Vullo |first5=Romain |last6=Bouchemla |first6=Imad |last7=Ferré |first7=Bruno |date=2022-07-06 |title=The “mid”-Cretaceous (Lower Cenomanian) Continental Vertebrates of Gara Samani, Algeria. Sedimentological Framework and Palaeodiversity |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2022.927059/full |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=10 |doi=10.3389/feart.2022.927059 |issn=2296-6463}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 19:23, 10 December 2023
| Tribodus Temporal range:
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Order: | †Hybodontiformes |
| Genus: | †Tribodus Brito & Ferreira, 1989 |
| Type species | |
| †Tribodus limae Brito & Ferreira, 1989
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| Other species | |
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Tribodus is an extinct genus of hybodont shark. It lived during the mid Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian) with fossils being known from northern South America, North Africa, and southern Europe.[1] This genus is known from articulated and somewhat complete specimens from the Romualdo Formation of northeastern Brazil, known for the extraordinary preservation of the fossil remains found. Tribodus specimens have been preserved three-dimensionally, and acid-preparation methods have revealed much of the anatomy of this shark.[2][3] Tribodus is found to have dorsal fin-spines and head spines, though only in males.[3] The skin of Tribodus had two distinct types of dermal denticles.[4] Tribodus limae reached a total length of about 1 metre (3.3 ft). Species of Tribodus have been found in shallow marine as well as fluvial and deltaic environments. It may have spawned in shallow-water vegetated areas.[5] The teeth of Tribodus were specialised for durophagy (crushing hard shelled organisms). They were small, less than 5 millimetres (3⁄16 in) across and polygonal with a low cusp, and colllectively formed a flat pavement that was effective at grinding.[1][6]
References
- ^ a b R. Vullo, D. Néraudeau When the “primitive” shark Tribodus (Hybodontiformes) meets the “modern” ray Pseudohypolophus (Rajiformes), the unique co-occurrence of these two durophagous Cretaceous selachians in Charentes (SW France) Acta Geologica Polonica, 58 (2) (2008), pp. 249-255
- ^ Maisey, J.G.; Denton, J.S.S. (2016). "Dermal denticle patterning in the Cretaceous hybodont shark Tribodus limae (Euselachii, Hybodontiformes), and its implications for the evolution of patterning in the chondrichthyan dermal skeleton". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (5): e1179200-2. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1179200.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ a b Lane, Jennifer A.; Maisey, John G. (2012). "The Visceral Skeleton and Jaw Suspension In the Durophagous Hybodontid Shark Tribodus limae from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil". Journal of Paleontology. 86 (5): 886–905. doi:10.1666/11-139.1. ISSN 0022-3360. S2CID 86285896.
- ^ Maisey, John G.; Denton, John S. S. (2016-09-02). "Dermal denticle patterning in the Cretaceous hybodont shark Tribodus limae (Euselachii, Hybodontiformes), and its implications for the evolution of patterning in the chondrichthyan dermal skeleton". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (5): e1179200. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1179200. ISSN 0272-4634.
- ^ Vullo, Romain; Néraudeau, Didier; Dépré, Eric (2013-10). "Vertebrate remains from the Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) plant-bearing Lagerstätte of Puy-Puy (Charente-Maritime, France)". Cretaceous Research. 45: 314–320. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2013.06.002.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Benyoucef, Madani; Pérez-García, Adán; Bendella, Mohamed; Ortega, Francisco; Vullo, Romain; Bouchemla, Imad; Ferré, Bruno (2022-07-06). "The "mid"-Cretaceous (Lower Cenomanian) Continental Vertebrates of Gara Samani, Algeria. Sedimentological Framework and Palaeodiversity". Frontiers in Earth Science. 10. doi:10.3389/feart.2022.927059. ISSN 2296-6463.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
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