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| hpcylindersize = {{cvt|28|x|30|in|mm}}
| hpcylindersize = {{cvt|28|x|30|in|mm}}
| valvegear = [[Walschaerts valve gear]]
| valvegear = [[Walschaerts valve gear]]
| tractiveeffort = {{cvt|78540|lbf|kN|2}}
| tractiveeffort = {{cvt|78450|lbf|kN|2}}
| factorofadhesion = 3.74
| factorofadhesion = 3.74
| operator = [[Illinois Central Railroad]]<br>[[Louisville and Nashville Railroad]]
| operator = [[Illinois Central Railroad]]<br>[[Louisville and Nashville Railroad]]
Line 37: Line 37:
| disposition = Scrapped
| disposition = Scrapped
}}
}}
'''Illinois Central 2613''' was a [[steam locomotive]], a [[4-8-2]] "Mountain" built by the [[Illinois Central Railroad]]'s [[Paducah, Kentucky]] shops in 1942. It eventually became notable for pulling fan trips for the Illinois Central in the early 1960s before it was sold for scrap.
'''Illinois Central 2613''' was a 4-8-2 "Mountain" type [[steam locomotive]], built by the Illinois Central Railroad's Paducah, Kentucky shops in 1943. No. 2613 and its class were the largest and heaviest 4-8-2 locomotives ever built. It was eventually used to pull fantrip excursions for the Illinois Central in the early 1960s before it was sold for scrap.


== History ==
== History ==
Engine No. 2613 was built by the Illinois Central's (IC) Paducah, Kentucky shops, as part of the railroad's 2600 class of 4-8-2 "Mountain" type engines, which were built between 1942 and 1943.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Illinois Central 4-8-2 "Mountain" Locomotives in the USA |url=https://www.steamlocomotive.com/locobase.php?country=USA&wheel=4-8-2&railroad=ic#3156 |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=www.steamlocomotive.com}}</ref> No. 2613, along with the other 2600 engines, were used to pull heavy freight trains throughout [[Illinois]], [[Mississippi]], and [[Kentucky]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Downey |first=Clifford J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p64VxFXukD8C&dq=illinois+central+railroad+2613&pg=PA59 |title=Kentucky and the Illinois Central Railroad |date=2010 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=978-0-7385-6661-0 |language=en}}</ref> They were widely regarded as one of the largest Mountain type engines ever built.<ref name=":0" />


=== Construction and design ===
On October 24, 1959, No. 2613 was leased to the [[Louisville and Nashville Railroad]] (L&N), who no longer had steam engines by then, to pull the railroad’s centennial train between [[Louisville, Kentucky]] and [[Nashville, Tennessee]].<ref name=":0" /> The IC subsequently used No. 2613 to pull a few excursion fan trips of their own on the Kentucky division during 1960, beginning with a ''Farewell to Steam'' trip on May 14 between Louisville and [[Paducah, Kentucky]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
No. 2613 was one of twenty 2600 class 4-8-2 locomotives (Nos. 2600-2619) constructed at the Illinois Central Railroad's (IC) Paducah, Kentucky shops between 1942 and 1943.<ref name=":0">{{Cite magazine |date=July 1966 |title=IC 2600 SPECTACULAR |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/magazine/archive-access/trains-july-1966/ |url-access=limited |access-date=March 16, 2024 |magazine=[[Trains (magazine)|Trains]] |publisher=[[Kalmbach Media|Kalmbach Publishing]] |pages=30-35 |volume=26 |issue=9}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Harvp|Downey|1998|p=41}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Harvp|Downey|1998|p=44}}</ref> Construction involved fabricating new boilers and shipping in one-piece cast frames from [[General Steel Industries|General Steel Castings]] in [[Granite City, Illinois]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> The locomotives were also equipped with twelve-wheel tenders that held {{convert|20,000|usgal|impgal|0|abbr=out|adj=off}} of water and {{convert|26|tonnes|kg|0|abbr=out|adj=off}} of coal; a design feature that was rare on IC steam locomotives.<ref name=":0" /> The 2600 class was a step-up design of the IC 2500 class 4-8-2's, and their design was identical to the [[Baldwin Locomotive Works|Baldwin]]-built 2800 series locomotives on the [[Wabash Railroad]], but the 2600's were larger.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />


The 2600's were equipped with {{Convert|70|in|mm|abbr=out|adj=on}} diameter [[Boxpok]] and Baldwin spoke driving wheels, {{Convert|28x30|in|mm|abbr=out|adj=on}} cylinders—which were slightly smaller than those on the 2500's—and a boiler pressure of {{Convert|275|psi|kPa|abbr=on|adj=}}.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> They were able to generate {{Convert|78,450|lbf|kN|abbr=on|adj=}} of tractive effort and travel at a top speed of {{Convert|70|mph|km/h|abbr=out|adj=}}.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /> At a locomotive weight of {{Convert|424,000|lb|t|abbr=out|adj=}}, the 2600's were the heaviest and most powerful 4-8-2 locomotives ever built.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> They also lacked new design features that were commonly used by other railroads, including feedwater heaters, boosters, and roller bearings, making the 2600 designs simplified.<ref name=":0" />
During this time, [[2-10-2]] locomotive No. 2739 was kept operable inside the Paducah Roundhouse as backup power for whenever No. 2613 broke down, but it never ran.<ref name=":1" /> On October 2, 1960, No. 2613 was refueled for the final time at [[Central City, Kentucky]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Bogart |first=Charles H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r3FaDwAAQBAJ&dq=IC+2613&pg=PA103 |title=Railroads 40s & 50s |date=2014-11-23 |publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=978-1-312-70059-8 |language=en}}</ref> It then pulled an excursion from Louisville to [[Dawson Springs, Kentucky]] and back.<ref name=":2" />


=== Revenue service ===
After the excursion, the [[Kentucky Railway Museum]] (KRM) met with IC officials to try to save the locomotive, but due to only being started up a few years prior, they were unable to raise the scrap price that the IC demanded to save the locomotive.<ref name=":2" /> No. 2613 was subsequently scrapped in 1961, but its [[Tender (rail)|tender]] remained intact.<ref name=":2" />
No. 2613 and most of the other 2600's and 2500's were assigned to pull freight trains from [[Chicago]] to [[East St. Louis, Illinois|East St. Louis]] and [[Cairo, Illinois|Cairo]], and in later years, they operated on the IC's primary route between Chicago and [[Memphis, Tennessee]].<ref>{{Harvp|Downey|1998|p=40}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Harvp|Downey|1998|p=45}}</ref> In 1950, after [[EMD GP7]] demonstrator No. 300 was tested on the IC, IC management decided to retire their entire steam locomotive fleet and replace them with locomotives from [[Electro-Motive Diesel|EMD]].<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Harvp|Downey|1998|p=43}}</ref> Many GP7's and [[EMD GP9|GP9]]'s were delivered to the railroad during the 1950s, and by the end of 1956, the Chicago-Memphis route was dieselized.<ref name=":3" /> No. 2613 was subsequently reassigned to operate in the St. Louis Division, where many coal mines the railroad served were located.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">{{Harvp|Downey|1998|p=46}}</ref> In February 1959, No. 2613 was put into storage at [[Centralia, Illinois]], after additional diesel locomotives were assigned to the St. Louis Division.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5">{{Harvp|Downey|1998|p=47}}</ref>


Later that year, the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (L&N), which had already retired all of their steam locomotives, was looking for a steam locomotive for use in pulling a train that celebrated the 100th anniversary of their first passenger train.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6">{{Cite news |last=Meehan |first=John |date=October 25, 1959 |title=Age Of Steam Dies As Locomotive Quits On Nashville Centennial Run |work=The Courier-Journal |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com |volume=210 |issue=117}}</ref> The IC agreed to lease No. 2613 to the L&N for the run, and the 2600 was cleaned and repainted at the Paducah Shops.<ref name=":5" /> On October 24, No. 2613 pulled the L&N's fifteen-car Centennial train from [[Louisville, Kentucky]] to [[Nashville, Tennessee]] and return, and 850 passengers were on board.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> Despite the locomotive running out of coal shortly before arrival in Nashville, it completed the run without incident.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> After the centennial run ended, No. 2613 returned to Paducah with a freight train in tow, and the IC had planned to put the locomotive back into storage.<ref name=":5" />
⚫
Later, [[Chicago|Chicago area]] railfan, Richard “Dick” Jensen, acquired the tender, along with a tender from fellow 2600 Class locomotive No. 2612, and he moved it to the Chicago, West Pullman and Southern (CWP&S) Railroad for storage. He had plans of using both tenders behind [[Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad|Burlington Route]] locomotives Nos. [[Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 4963|4963]] and [[Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 5632|5632]], but as he fell into financial trouble in the 1970s, he fell behind on rent to store the tenders on the CWP&S. [[File:ICRR 4-6-0 "Ten-Wheeler".jpg|left|thumb|IC tenders from Nos. 2612 and 2613 in storage behind Mississippi Eastern No. 303 (York Southern Railroad No. 1 at the time) at Rockford, Illinois in 1988]]In 1981, the CWP&S gave up on collecting rent from Jensen, and they acquired the tenders, along with York Southern Railroad [[4-6-0]] No. 1, as compensation.<ref name=":4" /> They subsequently sold the tenders and No. 1 at a sheriff auction to William Latham of [[Rockford, Illinois]].<ref name=":4" />


A concurrent boost in coal traffic in the Kentucky Division encouraged officials to return some of their steam locomotives to service, and beginning on October 28, the No. 2613 pulled coal trains around Paducah alongside [[2-10-2]] No. 2807, and later, 2-10-2's Nos. 2739, 2802, and 4-8-2 No. 2524.<ref name=":5" /> By the end of March 1960, all steam locomotives in the Kentucky Division were put back into storage at Paducah.<ref name=":7">{{Harvp|Downey|1998|p=48}}</ref> On May 14, No. 2613 pulled "''The Bluegrass Safari''", a sight-seeing excursion train sponsored by Rail Museum Safaris, and it toured the IC between Louisville and Paducah.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=October 1960 |title=Steam! News Photos |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/magazine/archive-access/trains-october-1960/ |url-access=limited |access-date=February 8, 2024 |magazine=[[Trains (magazine)|Trains]] |publisher=[[Kalmbach Media|Kalmbach Publishing]] |page=10 |volume=20 |issue=12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=May 10, 1960 |title=Illinois Central Plans Special Steam Trip |work=The Decatur Daily Review |page=5 |via=Newspapers.com |volume=83 |issue=111}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Jones |first=Lovan |date=May 16, 1960 |title=IC'S "SAFARI" RUN |work=The Messenger |page=12 |via=Newspapers.com |volume=50 |issue=12}}</ref> At Paducah, passengers were allowed to tour the IC shops and roundhouse, where No. 2739 was fired up as back-up power for whenever No. 2613 suffered a mechanical problem, but the latter ran without any problems.<ref name=":7" /> On October 2, No. 2613 pulled another excursion train between Louisville and [[Dawson Springs, Kentucky|Dawson Springs]], and it was sponsored by the Louisville Chapter of the [[National Railway Historical Society]] (NRHS).<ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=February 1961 |title=Steam! News Photos |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/magazine/archive-access/trains-february-1961/ |url-access=limited |access-date=March 17, 2024 |magazine=Trains |publisher=Kalmbach Publishing |page=11 |volume=21 |issue=4}}</ref> No. 2613 became the very last steam locomotive to operate under IC ownership after the October 2 run.<ref name=":7" />
⚫
Latham had planned to create a small railroad museum with the engine and tenders, but this plan had fallen through, and No. 1 was eventually donated to the [[Monticello Railway Museum]] in June 2000.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Mississippi Eastern 303 |url=https://www.mrym.org/mississippi-eastern-303 |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=Monticello Railway Museum |language=en-US}}</ref> A Monticello member tried to secure one of the IC tenders from the Rockford collection for preservation, but after the efforts fell through, and both IC tenders were scrapped in 2011.

=== Scrapping and tender remains ===
In late 1961, the IC opted to scrap all their remaining steam locomotives with their own crews, since they made more money by selling locomotive remains in gondola cars as scrap than by selling intact locomotives to scrap contractors.<ref name=":7" /> The [[Kentucky Railway Museum]] (KRM) of Louisville began negotiating with the IC to acquire the No. 2613 locomotive, with several members traveling to Chicago to meet with IC management, but the railroad was only interested in selling the 2600 for its scrap value, instead of donating it.<ref name=":7" /> The KRM, which had only been formed a few years prior, could not raise enough money to meet IC's demands.<ref name=":7" /> By January 1962, No. 2613 and all the other remaining 2600's were scrapped in Paducah.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":16">{{Cite magazine |date=January 1967 |title=Steam News Photos |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/magazine/archive-access/trains-january-1967/ |url-access=limited |access-date=February 8, 2024 |magazine=Trains |publisher=Kalmbach Publishing |page=13 |volume=27 |issue=3}}</ref>

⚫
For unknown reasons, tenders from the 2600's remained in storage after their companion locomotives were scrapped, including that of No. 2613.<ref name=":16" /> Sometime in the late 1960s, Chicago area railfan and steam locomotive mechanic Richard "Dick" Jensen acquired No. 2613's tender, along with a tender from fellow 2600 No. 2612, and he moved it to the Chicago, West Pullman and Southern (CWPS) Railroad for storage. He had plans to use both tenders behind [[Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad|Burlington Route]] locomotives Nos. [[Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 4963|4963]] and [[Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 5632|5632]] in excursion service, but as he fell into financial trouble in the 1970s, Jensen fell behind on rent to store the tenders on the CWPS. [[File:ICRR 4-6-0 "Ten-Wheeler".jpg|thumb|IC tenders from Nos. 2612 and 2613 in storage behind Mississippi Eastern No. 303 (York Southern Railroad No. 1 at the time) at Rockford, Illinois, in 1988]]In 1981, the CWPS gave up on collecting rent from Jensen, and they acquired the tenders, along with Ex-Mississippi Eastern [[4-6-0]] No. 303, as compensation. They subsequently sold the tenders and No. 303 at a sheriff auction to William Latham of [[Rockford, Illinois]].

⚫
Latham had planned to create a small railroad museum with the locomotive and tenders, but this plan had fallen through, and No. 303 was eventually acquired by the [[Monticello Railway Museum]] in June 2000.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=October 2000 |title=Preservation Points - New arrivals at Monticello museum |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/magazine/archive-access/trains-october-2000/ |access-date=March 17, 2024 |magazine=Trains |publisher=Kalmbach Publishing |page=86 |volume=60 |issue=10}}</ref> A Monticello member tried to secure one of the IC tenders from the Rockford collection for preservation, but the efforts failed, and both IC tenders were scrapped in 2011.


== See also ==
== See also ==
Line 61: Line 69:
== References ==
== References ==
<references />
<references />

== Bibliography ==

* {{Cite magazine |last=Downey |first=Cliff |date=January 1998 |title=The Last Decade of Illinois Central Steam |magazine=[[Railfan & Railroad]] |publisher=[[Carstens Publications]] |pages=38-49 |volume=17 |issue=1}}


== External links ==
== External links ==

Revision as of 18:32, 17 March 2024

Illinois Central 2613
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
BuilderIllinois Central’s Paducah, Kentucky shops
Build dateApril 1943
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-8-2
 • UIC2’D1’
Gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Driver dia.70 in (1.778 m)
Wheelbase92.34 ft (2,815 cm) ​
 • Engine42.25 ft (1,288 cm)
 • Drivers18.25 ft (556 cm)
Adhesive weight293,880 lb (133,300 kg)
Loco weight423,893 lb (192,275 kg)
Tender weight370,500 lb (168,100 kg)
Total weight794,393 lb (360,331 kg)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity26 t (57,000 lb)
Water cap.22,000 imp gal (100,000 L; 26,000 US gal)
Firebox:​
 • Grate area88.30 sq ft (8.203 m2)
Boiler pressure275 psi (1,900 kPa)
Heating surface:​
 • Firebox467 sq ft (43.4 m2)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area1,619 sq ft (150 m2)
Cylinders2
High-pressure cylinder28 in × 30 in (710 mm × 760 mm)
Valve gearWalschaerts valve gear
Performance figures
Tractive effort78,450 lbf (348.96 kN)
Factor of adh.3.74
Career
OperatorsIllinois Central Railroad
Louisville and Nashville Railroad
Class2600
Number in class14 out of 20
Numbers2613
First run1942
Last runOctober 2, 1960
Retired1960
Scrapped1961 (engine)
2011 (tender)
DispositionScrapped

Illinois Central 2613 was a 4-8-2 "Mountain" type steam locomotive, built by the Illinois Central Railroad's Paducah, Kentucky shops in 1943. No. 2613 and its class were the largest and heaviest 4-8-2 locomotives ever built. It was eventually used to pull fantrip excursions for the Illinois Central in the early 1960s before it was sold for scrap.

History

Construction and design

No. 2613 was one of twenty 2600 class 4-8-2 locomotives (Nos. 2600-2619) constructed at the Illinois Central Railroad's (IC) Paducah, Kentucky shops between 1942 and 1943.[1][2][3] Construction involved fabricating new boilers and shipping in one-piece cast frames from General Steel Castings in Granite City, Illinois.[1][2] The locomotives were also equipped with twelve-wheel tenders that held 20,000 US gallons (16,653 imp gal) of water and 26 tonnes (26,000 kg) of coal; a design feature that was rare on IC steam locomotives.[1] The 2600 class was a step-up design of the IC 2500 class 4-8-2's, and their design was identical to the Baldwin-built 2800 series locomotives on the Wabash Railroad, but the 2600's were larger.[1][2]

The 2600's were equipped with 70-inch (1,800 mm) diameter Boxpok and Baldwin spoke driving wheels, 28-by-30-inch (710 mm × 760 mm) cylinders—which were slightly smaller than those on the 2500's—and a boiler pressure of 275 psi (1,900 kPa).[1][2][3] They were able to generate 78,450 lbf (349.0 kN) of tractive effort and travel at a top speed of 70 miles per hour (110 km/h).[1][3] At a locomotive weight of 424,000 pounds (192 t), the 2600's were the heaviest and most powerful 4-8-2 locomotives ever built.[1][2] They also lacked new design features that were commonly used by other railroads, including feedwater heaters, boosters, and roller bearings, making the 2600 designs simplified.[1]

Revenue service

No. 2613 and most of the other 2600's and 2500's were assigned to pull freight trains from Chicago to East St. Louis and Cairo, and in later years, they operated on the IC's primary route between Chicago and Memphis, Tennessee.[4][5] In 1950, after EMD GP7 demonstrator No. 300 was tested on the IC, IC management decided to retire their entire steam locomotive fleet and replace them with locomotives from EMD.[3][6] Many GP7's and GP9's were delivered to the railroad during the 1950s, and by the end of 1956, the Chicago-Memphis route was dieselized.[5] No. 2613 was subsequently reassigned to operate in the St. Louis Division, where many coal mines the railroad served were located.[1][5][7] In February 1959, No. 2613 was put into storage at Centralia, Illinois, after additional diesel locomotives were assigned to the St. Louis Division.[7][8]

Later that year, the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (L&N), which had already retired all of their steam locomotives, was looking for a steam locomotive for use in pulling a train that celebrated the 100th anniversary of their first passenger train.[8][9] The IC agreed to lease No. 2613 to the L&N for the run, and the 2600 was cleaned and repainted at the Paducah Shops.[8] On October 24, No. 2613 pulled the L&N's fifteen-car Centennial train from Louisville, Kentucky to Nashville, Tennessee and return, and 850 passengers were on board.[8][9] Despite the locomotive running out of coal shortly before arrival in Nashville, it completed the run without incident.[8][9] After the centennial run ended, No. 2613 returned to Paducah with a freight train in tow, and the IC had planned to put the locomotive back into storage.[8]

A concurrent boost in coal traffic in the Kentucky Division encouraged officials to return some of their steam locomotives to service, and beginning on October 28, the No. 2613 pulled coal trains around Paducah alongside 2-10-2 No. 2807, and later, 2-10-2's Nos. 2739, 2802, and 4-8-2 No. 2524.[8] By the end of March 1960, all steam locomotives in the Kentucky Division were put back into storage at Paducah.[10] On May 14, No. 2613 pulled "The Bluegrass Safari", a sight-seeing excursion train sponsored by Rail Museum Safaris, and it toured the IC between Louisville and Paducah.[11][12][13] At Paducah, passengers were allowed to tour the IC shops and roundhouse, where No. 2739 was fired up as back-up power for whenever No. 2613 suffered a mechanical problem, but the latter ran without any problems.[10] On October 2, No. 2613 pulled another excursion train between Louisville and Dawson Springs, and it was sponsored by the Louisville Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society (NRHS).[10][14] No. 2613 became the very last steam locomotive to operate under IC ownership after the October 2 run.[10]

Scrapping and tender remains

In late 1961, the IC opted to scrap all their remaining steam locomotives with their own crews, since they made more money by selling locomotive remains in gondola cars as scrap than by selling intact locomotives to scrap contractors.[10] The Kentucky Railway Museum (KRM) of Louisville began negotiating with the IC to acquire the No. 2613 locomotive, with several members traveling to Chicago to meet with IC management, but the railroad was only interested in selling the 2600 for its scrap value, instead of donating it.[10] The KRM, which had only been formed a few years prior, could not raise enough money to meet IC's demands.[10] By January 1962, No. 2613 and all the other remaining 2600's were scrapped in Paducah.[10][15]

For unknown reasons, tenders from the 2600's remained in storage after their companion locomotives were scrapped, including that of No. 2613.[15] Sometime in the late 1960s, Chicago area railfan and steam locomotive mechanic Richard "Dick" Jensen acquired No. 2613's tender, along with a tender from fellow 2600 No. 2612, and he moved it to the Chicago, West Pullman and Southern (CWPS) Railroad for storage. He had plans to use both tenders behind Burlington Route locomotives Nos. 4963 and 5632 in excursion service, but as he fell into financial trouble in the 1970s, Jensen fell behind on rent to store the tenders on the CWPS.

IC tenders from Nos. 2612 and 2613 in storage behind Mississippi Eastern No. 303 (York Southern Railroad No. 1 at the time) at Rockford, Illinois, in 1988

In 1981, the CWPS gave up on collecting rent from Jensen, and they acquired the tenders, along with Ex-Mississippi Eastern 4-6-0 No. 303, as compensation. They subsequently sold the tenders and No. 303 at a sheriff auction to William Latham of Rockford, Illinois.

Latham had planned to create a small railroad museum with the locomotive and tenders, but this plan had fallen through, and No. 303 was eventually acquired by the Monticello Railway Museum in June 2000.[16] A Monticello member tried to secure one of the IC tenders from the Rockford collection for preservation, but the efforts failed, and both IC tenders were scrapped in 2011.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "IC 2600 SPECTACULAR". Trains. Vol. 26, no. 9. Kalmbach Publishing. July 1966. pp. 30–35. Retrieved March 16, 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d e Downey (1998), p. 41
  3. ^ a b c d Downey (1998), p. 44
  4. ^ Downey (1998), p. 40
  5. ^ a b c Downey (1998), p. 45
  6. ^ Downey (1998), p. 43
  7. ^ a b Downey (1998), p. 46
  8. ^ a b c d e f g Downey (1998), p. 47
  9. ^ a b c Meehan, John (October 25, 1959). "Age Of Steam Dies As Locomotive Quits On Nashville Centennial Run". The Courier-Journal. Vol. 210, no. 117. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h Downey (1998), p. 48
  11. ^ "Steam! News Photos". Trains. Vol. 20, no. 12. Kalmbach Publishing. October 1960. p. 10. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
  12. ^ "Illinois Central Plans Special Steam Trip". The Decatur Daily Review. Vol. 83, no. 111. May 10, 1960. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ Jones, Lovan (May 16, 1960). "IC'S "SAFARI" RUN". The Messenger. Vol. 50, no. 12. p. 12 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "Steam! News Photos". Trains. Vol. 21, no. 4. Kalmbach Publishing. February 1961. p. 11. Retrieved March 17, 2024.
  15. ^ a b "Steam News Photos". Trains. Vol. 27, no. 3. Kalmbach Publishing. January 1967. p. 13. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
  16. ^ "Preservation Points - New arrivals at Monticello museum". Trains. Vol. 60, no. 10. Kalmbach Publishing. October 2000. p. 86. Retrieved March 17, 2024.

Bibliography

External links

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