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| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = * ''[[Arapaima]]''
| subdivision = * ''[[Arapaima]]''
⚫
* †''[[Brychaetus]]''
* ''[[African arowana|Heterotis]]''
* ''[[African arowana|Heterotis]]''
* †''[[Joffrichthys]]''
* ''[[Osteoglossum]]''
* ''[[Osteoglossum]]''
⚫
* †''[[Phareodus]]''
* ''[[Scleropages]]''
* ''[[Scleropages]]''
See text for extinct taxa
}}
}}


'''Osteoglossidae''' is a family of large freshwater fish, which includes the arowanas and arapaima. The family contains two subfamilies [[Arapaiminae]] and [[Osteoglossinae]], with a total of five living genera.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url= https://www.britannica.com/animal/pirarucu''| title=Arapaim availability|accessdate=1 February 2022|encyclopedia=Britannica}}</ref>
'''Osteoglossidae''' is a family of large freshwater fish, which includes the arowanas and arapaima. The family contains two extant subfamilies [[Arapaiminae]] and [[Osteoglossinae]], with a total of five living genera.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url= https://www.britannica.com/animal/pirarucu''| title=Arapaim availability|accessdate=1 February 2022|encyclopedia=Britannica}}</ref> The extinct [[Phareodontinae]] are known from the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Hilton |first=Eric J. |last2=Lavoué |first2=Sébastien |date=2018-10-11 |title=A review of the systematic biology of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes, Osteoglossomorpha (Actinopterygii: Teleostei) |url=https://www.scielo.br/j/ni/a/3TFmgX8y8vptNy9SMkWzN9x/ |journal=Neotropical Ichthyology |language=en |volume=16 |pages=e180031 |doi=10.1590/1982-0224-20180031 |issn=1679-6225}}</ref>


Osteoglossids are [[primitive (biology)|basal]] teleosts that originated some time during the [[Cretaceous]], and are placed in the [[actinopterygii]]d order [[Osteoglossiformes]]. As traditionally defined, the family includes several [[Extant taxon|extant]] species from South America, [[African arowana|one from Africa]], two from Asia, and two from [[Australia]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Allen|first1=G. R.|last2=Midgley|first2=S. H.|last3=Allen|first3=M.|title=Field Guide to the Freshwater Fishes of Australia|year=2002|publisher=Western Australia Museum|isbn=0-7307-5486-3|location=Perth|pages=56–58}}</ref> Although currently restricted to the tropics, the group was much more widespread during the Cretaceous and [[Paleogene]], with species known from [[North America]] and [[Europe]]. In addition, while they are largely known from freshwater habitats, an indeterminate marine osteoglossid is known to have inhabited the seas around [[Greenland]] in the [[Danian|Early Paleocene]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Capobianco |first=Alessio |last2=Foreman |first2=Ethan |last3=Friedman |first3=Matt |date=2021 |editor-last=Cavin |editor-first=Lionel |title=A Paleocene (Danian) marine osteoglossid (Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha) from the Nuussuaq Basin of Greenland, with a brief review of Palaeogene marine bonytongue fishes |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/spp2.1291 |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |language=en |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=625–640 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1291 |issn=2056-2799|hdl=2027.42/167033 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
Osteoglossids are [[primitive (biology)|basal]] teleosts that originated some time during the [[Cretaceous]], and are placed in the [[actinopterygii]]d order [[Osteoglossiformes]]. As traditionally defined, the family includes several [[Extant taxon|extant]] species from South America, [[African arowana|one from Africa]], two from Asia, and two from [[Australia]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Allen|first1=G. R.|last2=Midgley|first2=S. H.|last3=Allen|first3=M.|title=Field Guide to the Freshwater Fishes of Australia|year=2002|publisher=Western Australia Museum|isbn=0-7307-5486-3|location=Perth|pages=56–58}}</ref> Although currently restricted to freshwater habitats in the tropics, the group was much more widespread during the Cretaceous and [[Paleogene]], with genera known from [[North America]] and [[Europe]], including marine taxa such as ''[[Brychaetus]]''. An indeterminate marine osteoglossid is known to have inhabited the seas around [[Greenland]] in the [[Danian|Early Paleocene]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Capobianco |first=Alessio |last2=Foreman |first2=Ethan |last3=Friedman |first3=Matt |date=2021 |editor-last=Cavin |editor-first=Lionel |title=A Paleocene (Danian) marine osteoglossid (Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha) from the Nuussuaq Basin of Greenland, with a brief review of Palaeogene marine bonytongue fishes |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/spp2.1291 |journal=Papers in Palaeontology |language=en |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=625–640 |doi=10.1002/spp2.1291 |issn=2056-2799|hdl=2027.42/167033 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

The following taxa are known from the family:<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hilton |first=Eric J. |last2=Carpenter |first2=Jeffrey |date=2020 |title=Bony-Tongue Fishes (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha) from the Eocene Nanjemoy Formation, Virginia |url=https://bioone.org/journals/northeastern-naturalist/volume-27/issue-1/045.027.0102/Bony-Tongue-Fishes-Teleostei--Osteoglossomorpha-from-the-Eocene-Nanjemoy/10.1656/045.027.0102.full |journal=Northeastern Naturalist |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=25–34 |doi=10.1656/045.027.0102 |issn=1092-6194}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bonde |first=Niels |date=2008 |title=Osteoglossomorphs of the marine Lower Eocene of Denmark – with remarks on other Eocene taxa and their importance for palaeobiogeography |url=https://www.lyellcollection.org/doi/10.1144/SP295.14 |journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications |language=en |volume=295 |issue=1 |pages=253–310 |doi=10.1144/SP295.14 |issn=0305-8719}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite thesis |title=Paleontological Data Reveals Unexpected Biogeographic Histories of Extant Organisms: Bonytongue Fishes (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha) as a Case Study |url=http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/170076 |date=2021 |degree=Thesis |language=en-US |first=Alessio |last=Capobianco}}</ref>

* Family '''Osteoglossidae'''
** Genus ?†''[[Chauliopareion]]'' (possibly a basal osteoglossiform)<ref name=":0" />
** Genus ?†''[[Singida (fish)|Singida]]'' (possibly a basal osteoglossiform)<ref name=":0" />
** Subfamily [[Arapaiminae]]
*** Genus ''[[Arapaima]]''
*** Genus ?†''[[Furichthys]]'' (possibly a basal osteoglossiform)<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
*** Genus ''[[Heterotis (fish)|Heterotis]]''
*** Genus ?†''[[Joffrichthys]]'' (possibly a basal osteoglossiform)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Murray |first=Alison M |last2=Zelenitsky |first2=Darla K |last3=Brinkman |first3=Donald B |last4=Neuman |first4=Andrew G |date=2018-02-09 |title=Two new Palaeocene osteoglossomorphs from Canada, with a reassessment of the relationships of the genus †Joffrichthys, and analysis of diversity from articulated versus microfossil material |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx100 |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=183 |issue=4 |pages=907–944 |doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx100 |issn=0024-4082}}</ref>
*** Genus †''[[Sinoglossus]]''
*** Genus †''[[Thrissopterus]]''
** Subfamily [[Arowana|Osteoglossinae]]
*** Genus ''[[Osteoglossum]]''
*** Genus ''[[Scleropages]]''
** Subfamily †[[Phareodontinae]]
*** Genus †''[[Brychaetoides]]''
⚫
*** Genus †''[[Brychaetus]]''
*** Genus †''[[Cretophareodus]]''
*** Genus ?†''[[Foreyichthys]]''
*** Genus ?†''[[Heterosteoglossum]]''
*** Genus †''[[Macroprosopon]]''
*** Genus †''[[Magnigena]]''
*** Genus †''[[Monopteros (fish)|Monopteros]]''
*** Genus †''[[Musperia]]''
*** Genus ?†''[[Opsithrissops]]''
*** Genus †''[[Phareoides]]''
⚫
*** Genus †''[[Phareodus]]''
*** Genus †''[[Phareodusichthys]]''
*** Genus †''[[Ridewoodichthys]]''
*** Genus †''[[Taverneichthys]]''
*** Genus †''[[Xosteoglossid]]''


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 06:05, 3 April 2024

Osteoglossidae
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous–present
Scleropages leichardti, a fish endemic to Queensland
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Osteoglossiformes
Family: Osteoglossidae
Bonaparte, 1831
Genera

See text for extinct taxa

Osteoglossidae is a family of large freshwater fish, which includes the arowanas and arapaima. The family contains two extant subfamilies Arapaiminae and Osteoglossinae, with a total of five living genera.[1] The extinct Phareodontinae are known from the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene.[2]

Osteoglossids are basal teleosts that originated some time during the Cretaceous, and are placed in the actinopterygiid order Osteoglossiformes. As traditionally defined, the family includes several extant species from South America, one from Africa, two from Asia, and two from Australia.[3] Although currently restricted to freshwater habitats in the tropics, the group was much more widespread during the Cretaceous and Paleogene, with genera known from North America and Europe, including marine taxa such as Brychaetus. An indeterminate marine osteoglossid is known to have inhabited the seas around Greenland in the Early Paleocene.[4]

The following taxa are known from the family:[2][5][6][7]

References

  1. ^ "Arapaim availability". Britannica. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e Hilton, Eric J.; Lavoué, Sébastien (2018-10-11). "A review of the systematic biology of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes, Osteoglossomorpha (Actinopterygii: Teleostei)". Neotropical Ichthyology. 16: e180031. doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20180031. ISSN 1679-6225.
  3. ^ Allen, G. R.; Midgley, S. H.; Allen, M. (2002). Field Guide to the Freshwater Fishes of Australia. Perth: Western Australia Museum. pp. 56–58. ISBN 0-7307-5486-3.
  4. ^ Capobianco, Alessio; Foreman, Ethan; Friedman, Matt (2021). Cavin, Lionel (ed.). "A Paleocene (Danian) marine osteoglossid (Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha) from the Nuussuaq Basin of Greenland, with a brief review of Palaeogene marine bonytongue fishes". Papers in Palaeontology. 7 (1): 625–640. doi:10.1002/spp2.1291. hdl:2027.42/167033. ISSN 2056-2799.
  5. ^ Hilton, Eric J.; Carpenter, Jeffrey (2020). "Bony-Tongue Fishes (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha) from the Eocene Nanjemoy Formation, Virginia". Northeastern Naturalist. 27 (1): 25–34. doi:10.1656/045.027.0102. ISSN 1092-6194.
  6. ^ Bonde, Niels (2008). "Osteoglossomorphs of the marine Lower Eocene of Denmark – with remarks on other Eocene taxa and their importance for palaeobiogeography". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 295 (1): 253–310. doi:10.1144/SP295.14. ISSN 0305-8719.
  7. ^ a b Capobianco, Alessio (2021). Paleontological Data Reveals Unexpected Biogeographic Histories of Extant Organisms: Bonytongue Fishes (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha) as a Case Study (Thesis thesis).
  8. ^ Murray, Alison M; Zelenitsky, Darla K; Brinkman, Donald B; Neuman, Andrew G (2018-02-09). "Two new Palaeocene osteoglossomorphs from Canada, with a reassessment of the relationships of the genus †Joffrichthys, and analysis of diversity from articulated versus microfossil material". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 183 (4): 907–944. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx100. ISSN 0024-4082.


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