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|image_size =150px
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|caption = Michael Ashburner
|caption = Michael Ashburner
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1942|05|23|df=yes}}<ref name="whoswho">{{cite web |url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U5810 |title=‘ASHBURNER, Prof. Michael’, Who's Who 2013, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Nov 2012 |format= |work= |accessdate=}}{{subscription required}}</ref>
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1942|05|23|df=yes}}<ref name="whoswho">{{cite web |url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whoswho/U5810 |title=ASHBURNER, Prof. Michael |format= |work=Who's Who 2013, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press |accessdate=}}{{subscription required}}</ref>
|birth_place = [[Sussex, England]]
|birth_place = [[Sussex, England]]
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|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_advisor =
|doctoral_students = Kevin Moses<br>Voula Velissariou<br>Mary Boyd<br>Geoff Richards<br>Bruce Reed<br>Christopher Redfern<br>Virginia Papioannou<br>Steve McGill<br>Cathy Martin<br>Ruth Lovering<br>Pete Jeffs<br>Marc Jacobs<br>Nick Harden<br>Jan C. Eeken<br>Mark Bodmer<br>Ounissa Ait-Ahmed<ref name="collaborators"/>
|doctoral_students = Kevin Moses<br>Voula Velissariou<br>Mary Boyd<br>Geoff Richards<br>Bruce Reed<br>Christopher Redfern<br>Virginia Papioannou<br>Steve McGill<br>Cathy Martin<br>Ruth Lovering<br>Pete Jeffs<br>Marc Jacobs<br>Nick Harden<br>Jan C. Eeken<br>Mark Bodmer<br>Ounissa Ait-Ahmed<ref name="collaborators"/>
| notable_students = Casey Bergman (postdoc)<ref>{{cite pmid| 17134480}}</ref>
|known_for = [[Drosophila melanogaster]]<ref name="labhandbook">{{Ashburner 2005}}</ref><br/>[[Gene Ontology]]<ref name="geneontology">{{cite pmid|10802651}}</ref><br/>[[FlyBase]]<ref name="flybase">{{cite pmid|7925011}}</ref>
|known_for = [[Drosophila melanogaster]]<ref name="labhandbook">{{Ashburner 2005}}</ref><br/>[[Gene Ontology]]<ref name="geneontology">{{cite pmid|10802651}}</ref><br/>[[FlyBase]]<ref name="flybase">{{cite pmid|7925011}}</ref>
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Revision as of 10:23, 30 May 2013

Michael Ashburner
Michael Ashburner
Born (1942-05-23) 23 May 1942 (age 81)[7]
Sussex, England
NationalityUnited Kingdom
Alma materChurchill College, Cambridge
Known forDrosophila melanogaster[8]
Gene Ontology[9]
FlyBase[10]
AwardsThomas Hunt Morgan Medal 2008,[1] George W. Beadle Award 1999,[2] Benjamin Franklin Award (Bioinformatics) 2006, Accomplishment by a Senior Scientist Award 2011 [3][4]
Scientific career
FieldsGenetics
Bioinformatics
InstitutionsEuropean Bioinformatics Institute
California Institute of Technology
University of Cambridge
University of California, San Francisco[3]
ThesisStudies on puffing in the salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila (1968)
Doctoral studentsKevin Moses
Voula Velissariou
Mary Boyd
Geoff Richards
Bruce Reed
Christopher Redfern
Virginia Papioannou
Steve McGill
Cathy Martin
Ruth Lovering
Pete Jeffs
Marc Jacobs
Nick Harden
Jan C. Eeken
Mark Bodmer
Ounissa Ait-Ahmed[5]
Other notable studentsCasey Bergman (postdoc)[6]
Websitewww.gen.cam.ac.uk/research/ashburner.html

Michael Ashburner FRS (born 23 May 1942) is a biologist and emeritus Professor in the Department of Genetics at University of Cambridge.[11] He is also the former joint-head of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL).[12][13]

Education

Born in Sussex, England, Ashburner attended High Wycombe Royal Grammar School from 1953 to 1960[7]. He received his Bachelor of Arts in Natural Sciences Tripos (Genetics) in 1964, his PhD[14] from the Department of Genetics in 1968, and was awarded a Doctor of Science in 1978, all from Cambridge.[15]

Research

Most of Ashburner's research has been on the model organism Drosophila melanogaster.[8][16][17][18][19][20] Ashburner's career began in the early period of molecular biology prior to the development of most of the recombinant DNA techniques in use today, such as Northern/Southern/Western blotting. Nevertheless, by observing patterns of "puffing" in polytene chromosomes,[16] he established the existence of a cascade of genetic controls in the post-larval development triggered by ecdysone. The Ashburner model of 1974 became a paradigm for metazoan gene regulation inasmuch as the Jacob-Monod model did for prokaryotes. Ashburner collaborated widely and mentored numerous PhD students and Postdoctoral research students during his career.[5]

Ashburner was also a member of the consortium that eventually sequenced and annotated the D. melanogaster genome. Ashburner's recollections of the sequencing of the D. melanogaster genome forms the basis of a book entitled "Won for All: How the Drosophila Genome Was Sequenced".[21][22][23][24] A prolonged effort by his laboratory to characterise the Adh region[17] became invaluable for validating annotation strategies when large-scale genome information became available. Ashburner and his colleagues have received funding on numerous occasions[25][26] for their studies on Drosophila genomics leveraging the D. melanogaster genome and its annotation.

Computational biology

Ashburner was also an early pioneer in the application of computers to biology. His contributions include his active participation in setting up FlyBase[10] and the development of Open Biomedical Ontologies[27] to allow machine-searchable annotation of biological information, particularly the Gene Ontology[9][28] and ChEBI.[29] He was instrumental in establishing the EBI,[30] as well as securing its location in the UK,[15][31] and acted as the first head of the EBI jointly with Graham Cameron.[32]

Open science advocacy

As part of his involvement the sequencing of the D. melanogaster genome, Ashburner played an instrumental role in ensuring that the resulting sequence and annotations would be made publicly available.[21] Additionally, Ashburner made a strong case for the human genome published in Science in 2000 by Celera Genomics to be made freely available,[33][34][35][36] and has spoken out repeatedly against the privatization of genomic resources.[36][37] Ashburner was also one of the signatories of the first open letter to Science in 2001 calling for a centralized, open repository of the scientific literature,[38] and subsequently became a strong advocate of Open Access publishing,[39][40] speaking out for this cause in the scientific literature[15][41] and popular media.[42][43][44] He also provided written evidence to the UK Parliament Select Committee on Science and Technology supporting Open Access publishing[45] and served on the initial advisory board of UK PubMed Central,[46] the first global mirror site of the PubMed Central repository of freely available biological literature.

Awards

Ashburner was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1993.[47] He received the Gregor Mendel Medal from the Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic in 1998, the first George W. Beadle Award of the Genetics Society of America in 1999, the Genetics Society Medal of the UK Genetics Society in 2005 and the Franklin Award of the Bioinformatics Organization in 2006.


References

  1. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 18385103, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=18385103 instead.
  2. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 10681184, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=10681184 instead.
  3. ^ a b c Michael Ashburner keynote: From sequences to ontologies - adventures in informatics at Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology July 2011
  4. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002081, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with |doi=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002081 instead.
  5. ^ a b "FlyTree - Michael Ashburner Details". Archived from the original on 4 January 2013.
  6. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 17134480, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid= 17134480 instead.
  7. ^ a b "ASHBURNER, Prof. Michael". Who's Who 2013, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press.(subscription required)
  8. ^ a b Template:Ashburner 2005
  9. ^ a b Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 10802651, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=10802651 instead.
  10. ^ a b Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 7925011, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=7925011 instead.
  11. ^ "Michael Ashburner, Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge". Archived from the original on 29 July 2011.
  12. ^ Michael Ashburner publications in PubMed
  13. ^ Michael Ashburner profile on BiomedExperts
  14. ^ Ashburner, Michael (1968). Studies on puffing in the salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophila (DPhil thesis). University of Cambridge.
  15. ^ a b c Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.10.010, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with |doi=10.1016/j.cub.2006.10.010 instead.
  16. ^ a b Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 4208797, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=4208797 instead.
  17. ^ a b Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 10471707, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=10471707 instead.
  18. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 10731132, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=10731132 instead.
  19. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 17550304, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=17550304 instead.
  20. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 19222304, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=19222304 instead.
  21. ^ a b Michael Ashburner (2006). Won for all: how the Drosophila genome was sequenced. Plainview, N.Y: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. ISBN 0-87969-802-0.
  22. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040198, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with |doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.0040198 instead.
  23. ^ Jennifer Rohn (2006). "Sequencing, sushi and sang-froid. Michael Ashburner's account of the fly genome project". Retrieved 29 July 2011.
  24. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1126/science.1134998, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with |doi=10.1126/science.1134998 instead.
  25. ^ Grants awarded to Michael Ashburner by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
  26. ^ Grants awarded to Michael Ashburner by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
  27. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 17989687, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=17989687 instead.
  28. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 19578431, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=19578431 instead.
  29. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 17932057, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=17932057 instead.
  30. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite pmid}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by PMID 11241987, please use {{cite journal}} with |pmid=11241987 instead.
  31. ^ Attwood T.K., Gisel A., Eriksson N-E. and Bongcam-Rudloff E. (2011). "Concepts, Historical Milestones and the Central Place of Bioinformatics in Modern Biology: A European Perspective". Bioinformatics - Trends and Methodologies. InTech. Retrieved 8 January 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  32. ^ "EBI in a nutshell" (PDF). European Bioinformatics Institute. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  33. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1126/science.290.5499.2042, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with |doi=10.1126/science.290.5499.2042 instead.
  34. ^ The Lancet (2001). "Human genome row draws in journals". The Lancet. 357 (9250): 81. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03531-5.
  35. ^ Moody, Glyn (2004). Digital code of life : how bioinformatics is revolutionizing science, medicine, and business. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. ISBN 0-471-32788-3.
  36. ^ a b Ashburner, Michael. "Privatising our genes?". Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  37. ^ Vince, Gaia. "Fears over rice genome access". Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  38. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1126/science.1060273, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with |doi=10.1126/science.1060273 instead.
  39. ^ "BioMed Central Author Video - Professor Michael Ashburner Part 2". Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  40. ^ "BioMed Central Author Video - Professor Michael Ashburner Part 3". Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  41. ^ "BioMed Central Author Video - Professor Michael Ashburner Part 1". Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  42. ^ Ward, Mark (26 April 2001). "Scientists threaten journal protest". BBC News. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  43. ^ Meek, James (29 May 2001). "Science world in revolt at power of the journal owners". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  44. ^ Ward, Mark (1 September 2001). "Scientists call for online library". BBC News. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  45. ^ Ashburner, Michael. "UK Parliament Select Committee on Science and Technology APPENDIX 59". Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  46. ^ Attention: This template ({{cite doi}}) is deprecated. To cite the publication identified by doi:10.1093/nar/gkq1063, please use {{cite journal}} (if it was published in a bona fide academic journal, otherwise {{cite report}} with |doi=10.1093/nar/gkq1063 instead.
  47. ^ "Book of Members, 1780-2010: Chapter A" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 25 April 2011.

External links

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