2015 Bronx Legionnaires' disease outbreaks: Difference between revisions
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In 2015, there were two outbreaks of [[Legionnaires' disease]] in [[the Bronx]], [[New York City]], United States. Between January and August 2015, one hundred and thirty people in New York City were infected with Legionnaires', but the majority of them were in the Bronx.<ref name="nyt 20150805">{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/05/nyregion/new-york-officials-move-to-regulate-towers-tied-to-legionnaires-disease-outbreak.html?_r=0 | title=A Belated Look at New York’s Cooling Towers, Prime Suspect in Legionnaires’ Outbreak | publisher=The New York Times | date=4 August 2015 | accessdate=5 August 2015}}</ref> |
In 2015, there were two outbreaks of [[Legionnaires' disease]] in [[the Bronx]], [[New York City]], United States. Between January and August 2015, one hundred and thirty people in New York City were infected with Legionnaires', but the majority of them were in the Bronx.<ref name="nyt 20150805">{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/05/nyregion/new-york-officials-move-to-regulate-towers-tied-to-legionnaires-disease-outbreak.html?_r=0 | title=A Belated Look at New York’s Cooling Towers, Prime Suspect in Legionnaires’ Outbreak | publisher=The New York Times | date=4 August 2015 | accessdate=5 August 2015}}</ref> |
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[[Legionnaires Disease]] is an acute type of [[pneumonia]] that is caused by the [[inhalation]] of [[water vapor]] containing the [[Legionella|Legionella bacteria]].<ref>{{cite |
[[Legionnaires Disease]] is an acute type of [[pneumonia]] that is caused by the [[inhalation]] of [[water vapor]] containing the [[Legionella|Legionella bacteria]].<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1186/1752-1947-8-31 }}</ref> Forty-two [[Legionella species]] have been classified to date, and these bacteria can grow in areas where there is warm water, such as [[cooling towers]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Yu|title=Distribution of Legionella Species and Serogroups Isolated by Culture in Patients with Sporadic Community-Acquired Legionellosis: An International Collaborative Survey|journal=The Journal of Infectious Diseases|date=2002|volume=186|pages=127–8|url=http://www.clearwater-tec.com/legionella/de/BLegionella%20types%20and%20sub-groups.pdf|accessdate=26 October 2015|display-authors=etal|doi= 10.1086/341087|pmid=12089674}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Legionnaires' Disease |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/diseases/cdlegi.shtml |website=The New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene |publisher=The City of New York |accessdate=22 October 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007070021/http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/diseases/cdlegi.shtml |archivedate=7 October 2015 }}</ref> |
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[[File:Legionella pneumophila (SEM).jpg|thumbnail|Legionella pneumophila bacteria]] |
[[File:Legionella pneumophila (SEM).jpg|thumbnail|Legionella pneumophila bacteria]] |
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Revision as of 16:23, 1 July 2017
 Lincoln Hospital in the Bronx, one of five buildings where the second outbreak was spread | |
| Date | December 2014 (first outbreak) July 2015 (second outbreak) |
|---|---|
| Duration | 2 months (first outbreak) 1.5 months[1] (second outbreak) |
| Location | The Bronx, New York City:
|
| Cause | under investigation |
| Outcome | Affected buildings were ordered to be decontaminated within 14 days, under the threat of misdemeanor charges |
| Deaths | 10 |
| Non-fatal injuries | Over 100 |
In 2015, there were two outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease in the Bronx, New York City, United States. Between January and August 2015, one hundred and thirty people in New York City were infected with Legionnaires', but the majority of them were in the Bronx.[2]
Legionnaires Disease is an acute type of pneumonia that is caused by the inhalation of water vapor containing the Legionella bacteria.[3] Forty-two Legionella species have been classified to date, and these bacteria can grow in areas where there is warm water, such as cooling towers.[4][5]
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January 2015
In January 2015, Legionnaires' disease sickened 8 people near Co-op City's cooling towers, also in the Bronx. In total, 12 people were diagnosed with Legionnaires' disease between December 2014 and the end of the outbreak in January 2015.[6]
August 2015
 | This section needs to be updated. (August 2015) |
In an unrelated July and August 2015 outbreak, the disease affected at least 120 people and caused at least twelve deaths in the South Bronx area.[7] The cause of the outbreak was traced back to the Opera House Hotel on July 10, 2015 and was declared as over as of August 20. Following the Morrisania outbreak, city officials stated that they would be pursuing new regulations for cooling towers.[2][8][9][10] Affected buildings were also ordered to be decontaminated within 14 days, under the threat of misdemeanor charges.[7]
September 2015
On September 21, 2015, 13 more cases of Legionnaires Disease were identified and were said to be unrelated to the outbreaks from previous months. 35 cooling towers were inspected and 15 of these tested positive for the Legionella bacteria. After the cases surfaced, city officials put legislative programs into effect that require building owners to perform quarterly inspections and to verify that the cooling towers have been tested and are free of the Legionnella bacteria.[11]
References
- ^ Williams, Jaime (2015-08-28). "The fat lady sings • Bronx Times". Bxtimes.com. Retrieved 2015-11-02.
- ^ a b "A Belated Look at New York's Cooling Towers, Prime Suspect in Legionnaires' Outbreak". The New York Times. 4 August 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
- ^ . doi:10.1186/1752-1947-8-31.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Missing or empty|title=(help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Yu; et al. (2002). "Distribution of Legionella Species and Serogroups Isolated by Culture in Patients with Sporadic Community-Acquired Legionellosis: An International Collaborative Survey" (PDF). The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 186: 127–8. doi:10.1086/341087. PMID 12089674. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ "Legionnaires' Disease". The New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. The City of New York. Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Ben Kochman (13 January 2015). "Co-op City towers contaminated with Legionnaire's Disease bacteria". New York Daily News. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
- ^ a b "Legionnaires' Disease Continues To Spread In South Bronx". Huffington Post. Associated Press. 6 August 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
- ^ "Legionnaires' Disease Bacteria Found in A/C on Bronx Hospital, Mayor says". DNAinfo New York.
- ^ David Shortell, CNN (2 August 2015). "There have been 65 cases since mid-July - CNN.com". CNN.
{{cite web}}:|author=has generic name (help) - ^ "City confirms 71 cases of Legionnaire's Disease". capitalnewyork.com.
- ^ Mueller, Benjamin (1 October 2015). "One Dead in New Bronx Outbreak of Legionnaires' Disease". The New York Times. The New York Times. Retrieved 26 October 2015.