Yan Xiu: Difference between revisions
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{{Chinese|t=嚴修|s=严修|w=Yen Hsiu|p=Yán Xiū}} |
{{Chinese|t=嚴修|s=严修|w=Yen Hsiu|p=Yán Xiū}} |
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'''Yan Xiu''' ({{zh|t=嚴修|w= |
'''Yan Xiu''' ({{zh|t=嚴修|w=Yen Hsiu}}; 12 April 1860 – 15 March 1929), also known as '''Yan Fansun''', was a Chinese educator who, with [[Zhang Boling]], founded [[Nankai University]] and the [[Nankai High School|Nankai system of schools]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Barnouin |first1=Barbara |last2=Yu |first2=Changgen |date=24 July 2007 |title=Zhou Enlai: A Political Life |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NztlWQeXf2IC |location=Hong Kong |publisher=[[The Chinese University Press]] |page=15 |isbn=978-9629962807}}</ref> |
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==Early life== |
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Yan Xiu was born on 12 April 1860 into a [[Salt in Chinese history|salt merchant family]] in [[Tianjin]] during the [[Qing Dynasty]]. |
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==Early career== |
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⚫ | Despite belonging to a merchant family, he also belonged to the ranks of [[scholar-gentry]]. He was a controversial figure whose reformist ideas made him an outcast from Beijing politics and earned him criticism from fellow scholar-officials. As the educational commissioner of [[Guizhou]], he proposed an essay-based special examination (''jingji teke'') as an alternative to the [[Chinese imperial examinations]]. Following the failure of his proposal and the [[Hundred Days' Reform]], he was rejected from the scholarly circles by anti-reform court officials of the Qing government.<ref>{{cite book |last=Kwan |first=Man Bun |date=2001 |title=The Salt Merchants of Tianjin: State-Making and Civil Society in Late Imperial China |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sJ4s72IHh4sC |location=Honolulu |publisher=[[University of Hawaii Press]] |page=99 |isbn=978-0824822750}}</ref> |
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==Career in Tianjin== |
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He returned to Tianjin in 1898 to work for the Yan household's salt trade monopoly of the Sanhe district. The wealth from the salt trade allowed Yan Xiu to continue his life as an educator, establishing a household school. He hired [[Zhang Boling]] to oversee the school's organization and curriculum. Zhang Boling was trained in Western knowledge, graduating in 1894<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lee Hamrin |first1=Carol |last2=Bieler |first2=Stacey |date=2010 |title=Salt and Light, Volume 2: More Lives of Faith That Shaped Modern China |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ikpMAwAAQBAJ |location=Eugene, Oregon |publisher=[[Wipf and Stock]] |page=184 |isbn=978-1606089552}}</ref> from the [[Beiyang Naval Academy]] in Tianjin, organized by [[Li Hongzhang]]. |
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Despite the events of the [[Boxer Rebellion]], a violent uprising against foreign influence in China, Yan Xiu retained his reformist aspirations for Chinese education and later traveled to [[Japan]] in August–November 1902 to observe its education system. The Yan household school eventually merged with that of another merchant family, which later led to the formation of Nankai Primary School and Nankai Middle School in 1904 and eventually [[Nankai University]] in 1919.<ref>{{cite book |last=Itoh |first=Mayumi |date=2016 |title=The Origins of Contemporary Sino-Japanese Relations: Zhou Enlai and Japan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fO00DAAAQBAJ |location=London |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |page=13 |isbn=978-1137566164}}</ref> |
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==Death== |
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Yan Xiu died in Tianjin in 1929. |
Yan Xiu died in Tianjin in 1929. |
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Revision as of 10:55, 15 October 2017
![]() | You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese. (October 2017) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Yan Xiu 嚴修 | |
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Born | |
Died | March 15, 1929 Tianjin, Republic of China | (aged 68)
Yan Xiu | |||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 嚴修 | ||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 严修 | ||||||||
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Yan Xiu (Chinese: 嚴修; Wade–Giles: Yen Hsiu; 12 April 1860 – 15 March 1929), also known as Yan Fansun, was a Chinese educator who, with Zhang Boling, founded Nankai University and the Nankai system of schools.[1]
Early life
Yan Xiu was born on 12 April 1860 into a salt merchant family in Tianjin during the Qing Dynasty.
Early career
Despite belonging to a merchant family, he also belonged to the ranks of scholar-gentry. He was a controversial figure whose reformist ideas made him an outcast from Beijing politics and earned him criticism from fellow scholar-officials. As the educational commissioner of Guizhou, he proposed an essay-based special examination (jingji teke) as an alternative to the Chinese imperial examinations. Following the failure of his proposal and the Hundred Days' Reform, he was rejected from the scholarly circles by anti-reform court officials of the Qing government.[2]
Career in Tianjin
He returned to Tianjin in 1898 to work for the Yan household's salt trade monopoly of the Sanhe district. The wealth from the salt trade allowed Yan Xiu to continue his life as an educator, establishing a household school. He hired Zhang Boling to oversee the school's organization and curriculum. Zhang Boling was trained in Western knowledge, graduating in 1894[3] from the Beiyang Naval Academy in Tianjin, organized by Li Hongzhang.
Despite the events of the Boxer Rebellion, a violent uprising against foreign influence in China, Yan Xiu retained his reformist aspirations for Chinese education and later traveled to Japan in August–November 1902 to observe its education system. The Yan household school eventually merged with that of another merchant family, which later led to the formation of Nankai Primary School and Nankai Middle School in 1904 and eventually Nankai University in 1919.[4]
Death
Yan Xiu died in Tianjin in 1929.
References
- ^ Barnouin, Barbara; Yu, Changgen (24 July 2007). Zhou Enlai: A Political Life. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press. p. 15. ISBN 978-9629962807.
- ^ Kwan, Man Bun (2001). The Salt Merchants of Tianjin: State-Making and Civil Society in Late Imperial China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 99. ISBN 978-0824822750.
- ^ Lee Hamrin, Carol; Bieler, Stacey (2010). Salt and Light, Volume 2: More Lives of Faith That Shaped Modern China. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock. p. 184. ISBN 978-1606089552.
- ^ Itoh, Mayumi (2016). The Origins of Contemporary Sino-Japanese Relations: Zhou Enlai and Japan. London: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 13. ISBN 978-1137566164.