Macrosiphum rosae: Difference between revisions

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==Description==
==Description==
Wingless adults are between {{convert|1.7|and|3.6|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} long, slender, varying in colour from green to pink and reddish-brown. The antennae and legs are relatively long, and the cauda (tail-like protrusion) is pale. The [[siphunculi]] (pair of small backward-pointing tubes on the abdomen) are long, tapered and back, which distinguishes this aphid from ''[[Metopolophium dirhodum]]'', the rose-grain aphid, which has pale siphunculi. Winged individuals are between {{convert|2.2|and|3.4|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} in length, varying from green to pinkish-brown, and having distinctive black lateral markings.<ref name=Alford>{{cite book|author=Alford, David V.|title=Pests of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Flowers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fWNNjWFwKwgC&pg=PA66 |year=2012 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-84076-628-8 |pages=66–67}}</ref>
Wingless adults have a spindle-shaped body and are between {{convert|1.7|and|3.6|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} long, slender, varying in colour from green to pink and reddish-brown. The antennae and legs are relatively long, and the cauda (tail-like protrusion) is pale. The [[siphunculi]] (pair of small backward-pointing tubes on the abdomen) are long, tapered and back, which distinguishes this aphid from ''[[Metopolophium dirhodum]]'', the rose-grain aphid, which has pale siphunculi. Winged individuals are between {{convert|2.2|and|3.4|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} in length, varying from green to pinkish-brown, and having distinctive black lateral markings.<ref name=Alford>{{cite book|author=Alford, David V.|title=Pests of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Flowers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fWNNjWFwKwgC&pg=PA66 |year=2012 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-84076-628-8 |pages=66–67}}</ref>


==Life cycle==
==Life cycle==
This aphid mainly overwinters as eggs on roses, but in mild winters, some adults may survive until spring. The eggs hatch in spring into wingless females and large colonies can quickly develop, being mainly found on the tips of shoots and around flower buds. In the summer, some winged females develop, which migrate to other rose bushes or to certain secondary hosts such as [[holly]], [[Dipsacus fullonum|teasel]] and [[Scabiosa|scabious]]. With the onset of autumn, winged males are also produced and eggs are laid in crevices.<ref name=Alford/>
This aphid mainly overwinters as eggs on roses, but in mild winters, some adults may survive until spring. The eggs hatch in spring into wingless females which reproduce [[Parthogenesis|parthogenetically]], and large colonies can quickly develop, being mainly found on the tips of shoots and around flower buds. The heaviest population densities are in June and July in the the northern hemisphere, just when the bushes are flowering, and thereafter the populations decine. This is because at this time of year, some winged females develop, which migrate to other rose bushes or to certain secondary hosts such as [[holly]], [[Dipsacus fullonum|teasel]], [[Valeriana|valerian]], ''[[Knautia]]'' and [[Scabiosa|scabious]]. With the onset of autumn, winged males are also produced, the insects return to roses and the eggs are laid.<ref name=Alford/><ref name=Wöhrmann>{{cite book|author1=Wöhrmann, K.|author2=Löschcke, V.|title=Population Biology and Evolution |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SY7sCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA208 |year=2012 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-642-69646-6 |pages=208}}</ref>


==Damage done==
==Damage done==

Revision as of 20:27, 14 February 2018

Rose aphid
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
M. rosae
Binomial name
Macrosiphum rosae
Synonyms

Aphis rosae Linnaeus, 1758

Macrosiphum rosae is a species of aphids.[1][2][3] It infests rosebushes as its main host, especially congregating around new buds.

Macrosiphum rosae on a rose bud
Winged form

Description

Wingless adults have a spindle-shaped body and are between 1.7 and 3.6 mm (0.07 and 0.14 in) long, slender, varying in colour from green to pink and reddish-brown. The antennae and legs are relatively long, and the cauda (tail-like protrusion) is pale. The siphunculi (pair of small backward-pointing tubes on the abdomen) are long, tapered and back, which distinguishes this aphid from Metopolophium dirhodum, the rose-grain aphid, which has pale siphunculi. Winged individuals are between 2.2 and 3.4 mm (0.09 and 0.13 in) in length, varying from green to pinkish-brown, and having distinctive black lateral markings.[4]

Life cycle

This aphid mainly overwinters as eggs on roses, but in mild winters, some adults may survive until spring. The eggs hatch in spring into wingless females which reproduce parthogenetically, and large colonies can quickly develop, being mainly found on the tips of shoots and around flower buds. The heaviest population densities are in June and July in the the northern hemisphere, just when the bushes are flowering, and thereafter the populations decine. This is because at this time of year, some winged females develop, which migrate to other rose bushes or to certain secondary hosts such as holly, teasel, valerian, Knautia and scabious. With the onset of autumn, winged males are also produced, the insects return to roses and the eggs are laid.[4][5]

Damage done

These aphids damage the aesthetic appearance of rosebushes by contorting the flowers and foliage, and by the sticky honeydew they produce, which often provides a surface on which sooty moulds develop.[4]

References

  1. ^ "Macrosiphum rosae". Pherobase. Retrieved 2010-05-31.
  2. ^ "Macrosiphum rosae". Crop Protection Compedium. Retrieved 2010-05-31.
  3. ^ Bowers, W.S.; Nault, L.R.; Webb, R.E.; Dutky, S.R. (1972). "Aphid alarm pheromone: isolation, identification, synthesis". Science. 177 (4054): 1121–1122. doi:10.1126/science.177.4054.1121. PMID 17840606.
  4. ^ a b c Alford, David V. (2012). Pests of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs and Flowers. CRC Press. pp. 66–67. ISBN 978-1-84076-628-8.
  5. ^ Wöhrmann, K.; Löschcke, V. (2012). Population Biology and Evolution. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 208. ISBN 978-3-642-69646-6.