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Emanuele Luigi Galizia (7 November 1830 – 6 May 1907) was a Maltese architect and civil engineer, who designed many public buildings and several churches. He is regarded as "the principal Maltese architect throughout the second half of the nineteenth century".^[1]

Biography

Galizia graduated as a civil engineer and architect from the University of Malta, and in 1846 entered government service as an apprentice of William Lamb Arrowsmith. He became government perito in 1856 and, four years later, the chief perito, being responsible for all the government's public works.^[2] He became Superintendent of Public Works in 1880,^[3] which came with a seat on Malta's Legislative Council.^[4]

Galizia was made a knight of the Order of St. Gregory the Great by Pope Leo XIII, and he became a member of the Order of the Medjidie during Sultan Abdülaziz's visit to Malta in 1867 in recognition of Galizia's completion of the Turkish Cemetery in Marsa, which was commissioned by the Sultan.^[2]

He became a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1886, and a fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1888. That year, the government sent him on a tour of Italy, France and England to broaden his knowledge of Gothic Revival architecture,^[2] and possibly also to provide advice on Tower Bridge in London (completed in 1894), and the Victorian restoration works at the Brighton Pavilion.^[5]

Galizia was also an examiner at the faculty of civil engineering at the University of Malta.^[2]

He was also commissioned by the Imperial Government to visit Cyprus soon after the British occupation of the island and report upon its possible colonisation. The first visit was made in conjunction with Sir Adrian Dingli and Professor Schinas; subsequently he travelled in the company of Marquis Testaferrata Olivier. The reports of the visits and surveys were printed and published under the authority of the Government at the time.^[5]

An Institute of Civil Engineers obituary published in 1907 praised his "tact and affability [which] endeared him to the whole community, whilst the ability and thoroughness which he displayed in all his work gives him a permanent place in the record of professional achievement in Malta."^[4]

Buildings attributed to Galizia

The following is a list of notable buildings which are known to have been designed by Emanuele Luigi Galizia or are attributed to him:^[2]

Ta' Braxia Cemetery, Pietà (1855)
Addolorata Cemetery and chapel, Paola (1860)
Prince of Wales Road (1862)
Rinella polverista (1864)
Armier Aqueduct between Qormi and the Three Cities (1867)
Ta' Qali reservoir (1867)
Some granaries at Floriana (1869)
Second Carmelite Church, Balluta (1871)
Turkish Cemetery, sometimes known as the Mahometan Cemetery, Marsa (1874)^[6]
Bugeja Institute Technical School, Ħamrun (1880)
Vincenzo Bugeja Institute^[7]
Aqueduct of Sliema and Birkirkara (1882)
Victoria Gate, Valletta (1884–85)
Our Lady of Lourdes Church, Mġarr, Gozo (1888)
St. Alphonse church and convent, Birkirkara (1893–95)
Marsamxett Police Station, Valletta
Marsa Police Station
Sliema Police Station
Marsaxlokk quay
Marsamxett quay
Villa Alhambra, Sliema (1880s), Moghul and Moorish exterior - Baroque and Victorian interior, designed by and summer residence of Galizia.^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]
Galizia family chapel at the Addolorata Cemetery, where he is buried.
The Church of Our Lady of Sorrows, St Paul's Bay (1902)^[12]

The Valletta Market (1859–61) and St. Vincent de Paule Hospital (1886) were built under Galizia's direction, although they were designed by other architects.^[2]

Personal life

Galizia married Victoria Vella, daughter of the Hon. Giovanni Vella CMG (a great-great-great grandfather of Daphne Caruana Galizia), and they had five children: James, Godwin, Emilia, Giovanna and Francesca Galizia.

James became Superintendent of Public works, like his father before him, and then Treasury Secretary in Malta's imperial administration.^[13]

His second son Godwin, also an architect, was known for his neo-Romanesque architecture such as the Church of Saint Peter in Birzebbugia and the Church of Saint Gregory in Sliema, but his works until recently received less attention than those of his father.^[14] Godwin was also appointed by private families to design chapels and mausoleums at the Addolorata Cemetery, which was designed by his father.^[14]

Giovanna married the constitutional lawyer and civil law professor John Caruana, son of Maltese archaeologist A.A. Caruana. Their eldest son Anton, a prominent lawyer killed in an air raid in Malta in World War II, took the surname Caruana Galizia, followed by his siblings.^[15]^{[unreliable source?]}

References

^ Muscat, Mark Geoffrey (2016). Maltese Architecture 1900–1970: Progress and Innovations. Valletta: Fondazzjoni Patrimonju Malti. p. xv. ISBN 9789990932065.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Schiavone, Michael J. (2009). Dictionary of Maltese Biographies Vol. 2 G–Z. Pietà: Pubblikazzjonijiet Indipendenza. pp. 890–891. ISBN 9789993291329.
^ "Emmanuel Luigi Galizia (1830–1906)". The Victorian Web. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016.
^ ^a ^b "Emmanuel Lewis Galizia". www.gracesguide.co.uk. Retrieved 2018-02-09.
^ ^a ^b "Emmanuele Luigi Galizia (1830-1906): A Brief Biography". www.victorianweb.org. Retrieved 2018-02-09.
^ Bonello, Giovanni (2010). Nostalgias of Malta: images by Modiano from the 1900s. Fondazzjoni Patrimonu Malti. p. 98. ISBN 9789993273165. OCLC 696296725.
^ Zammit, Andre (2013). I Forgot !. Books Distributers Limited. p. 120. ISBN 9789995733933.
^ The Alhambra in Sliema.
^ Is Calì turning in his grave?.
^ More on the Alhambra.
^ Saving Alhambra.
^ "The Victorian Web". www.victorianweb.org. Retrieved 2018-02-09. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
^ Galizia, Paul Caruana (2016-12-20). The Economy of Modern Malta: From the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century. Springer. ISBN 9781137565983.
^ ^a ^b Ltd, Allied Newspapers. "The rise and fall of the Britannia Circus in Floriana". Times of Malta. Retrieved 2018-02-09.
^ "HMS Cleopatra | Malta: War Diary". maltagc70.wordpress.com. Retrieved 2018-02-09.

[1] Muscat, Mark Geoffrey (2016). Maltese Architecture 1900–1970: Progress and Innovations. Valletta: Fondazzjoni Patrimonju Malti. p. xv. ISBN 9789990932065.

[dictionary-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Schiavone, Michael J. (2009). Dictionary of Maltese Biographies Vol. 2 G–Z. Pietà: Pubblikazzjonijiet Indipendenza. pp. 890–891. ISBN 9789993291329.

[3] "Emmanuel Luigi Galizia (1830–1906)". The Victorian Web. Archived from the original on 16 April 2016.

[:0-4] "Emmanuel Lewis Galizia". www.gracesguide.co.uk. Retrieved 2018-02-09.

[:2-5] "Emmanuele Luigi Galizia (1830-1906): A Brief Biography". www.victorianweb.org. Retrieved 2018-02-09.

[6] Bonello, Giovanni (2010). Nostalgias of Malta: images by Modiano from the 1900s. Fondazzjoni Patrimonu Malti. p. 98. ISBN 9789993273165. OCLC 696296725.

[7] Zammit, Andre (2013). I Forgot !. Books Distributers Limited. p. 120. ISBN 9789995733933.

[8] The Alhambra in Sliema.

[9] Is Calì turning in his grave?.

[10] More on the Alhambra.

[11] Saving Alhambra.

[12] "The Victorian Web". www.victorianweb.org. Retrieved 2018-02-09. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)

[13] Galizia, Paul Caruana (2016-12-20). The Economy of Modern Malta: From the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century. Springer. ISBN 9781137565983.

[:1-14] Ltd, Allied Newspapers. "The rise and fall of the Britannia Circus in Floriana". Times of Malta. Retrieved 2018-02-09.

[15] "HMS Cleopatra | Malta: War Diary". maltagc70.wordpress.com. Retrieved 2018-02-09.

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@@ Line 45: / Line 45: @@
 Galizia married Victoria Vella, daughter of the Hon. Giovanni Vella CMG (a great-great-great grandfather of [[Daphne Caruana Galizia]]), and they had five children: James, Godwin, Emilia, Giovanna and Francesca Galizia.
-James became Superintendent of Public works, like his father before him, and Treasury Secretary in Malta's imperial administration.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://website.lineone.net/~stevebidmead/soldiers.htm|title=MALTESE SOLDIERS|website=website.lineone.net|access-date=2018-02-09}}</ref> {{unreliable source|date=May 2018}}
+James became Superintendent of Public works, like his father before him, and then Treasury Secretary in Malta's imperial administration.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ch/books?id=bvvFDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA139&lpg=PA139&dq=james+galizia+treasury+secretary&source=bl&ots=dcFFP9G_rh&sig=ZBSsCo9on5_6Kdv-O0hWPlW9TTg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj72e-4xdPcAhUnM-wKHaSkD7YQ6AEwBnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=james%20galizia%20treasury%20secretary&f=false|title=The Economy of Modern Malta: From the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century|last=Galizia|first=Paul Caruana|date=2016-12-20|publisher=Springer|isbn=9781137565983|language=en}}</ref>
-His second son Godwin was also an architect, known for designing Romanesque architecture such as the Church of Saint Peter in [[Birzebbugia]] and  the Church of Saint Gregory in [[Sliema]], but his works until recently received less attention than those of his father.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171001/life-features/The-rise-and-fall-of-the-Britannia-Circus-in-Floriana.659347|title=The rise and fall of the Britannia Circus in Floriana|last=Ltd|first=Allied Newspapers|work=Times of Malta|access-date=2018-02-09|language=en-GB}}</ref>  Godwin was also appointed by private families to design chapels and mausoleums at the Addolorata Cemetery, the same cemetery designed by his father.<ref name=":1" />
+His second son Godwin, also an architect, was known for his neo-Romanesque architecture such as the Church of Saint Peter in [[Birzebbugia]] and the Church of Saint Gregory in [[Sliema]], but his works until recently received less attention than those of his father.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20171001/life-features/The-rise-and-fall-of-the-Britannia-Circus-in-Floriana.659347|title=The rise and fall of the Britannia Circus in Floriana|last=Ltd|first=Allied Newspapers|work=Times of Malta|access-date=2018-02-09|language=en-GB}}</ref>  Godwin was also appointed by private families to design chapels and mausoleums at the Addolorata Cemetery, which was designed by his father.<ref name=":1" />
 Giovanna married the constitutional lawyer and civil law professor [[John Caruana]], son of Maltese archaeologist [[A.A. Caruana]]. Their eldest son Anton, a prominent lawyer killed in an air raid in Malta in World War II, took the surname Caruana Galizia, followed by his siblings.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://maltagc70.wordpress.com/tag/hms-cleopatra/|title=HMS Cleopatra {{!}} Malta: War Diary|website=maltagc70.wordpress.com|language=en|access-date=2018-02-09}}</ref>{{unreliable source|date=May 2018}}[[File:Porta Victoria, Valletta.jpeg|thumb|right|[[Victoria Gate (Valletta)|Victoria Gate]] in [[Valletta]]]]