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'''''Desulfitobacterium hafniense''''' is a gram positive bacterium. Its type strain is DCB-2T.<ref name="ChristiansenAhring1996">{{cite journal|last1=Christiansen|first1=N.|last2=Ahring|first2=B. K.|year=1996|title=Desulfitobacterium hafniense sp. nov., an Anaerobic, Reductively Dechlorinating Bacterium|journal=International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology|volume=46|issue=2|pages=442–448|doi=10.1099/00207713-46-2-442|issn=0020-7713}}</ref> ( NCBI taxonomy ID 272564; DSM 10664). It is an anaerobic [[spore]]-forming microorganism. It is notable for being capable of reductive [[dechlorination]] of [[chlorophenol]]s. Its cells are rod-shaped and 3.3 to 6 [[micrometre|μm]] long by 0.6 to 0.7 μm wide, being [[motile]], each cell having one or two terminal [[flagellum|flagella]]. Genome structure ''Desulfitobacterium hafniense'' strain DCB-2T has a genome that contains 5.78 Mbp encoding 5,045 genes. The genome of ''Desulfitobacterium hafniense'' strain DCB-2T harbors seven genes encoding reductive dehalogenases, five of these seems to be functional and two are disrupted by mutations <ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kim SH, Harzman C, Davis JK, Hutcheson R, Broderick JB, Marsh TL, Tiedje JM | title = Genome sequence of Desulfitobacterium hafniense DCB-2, a Gram-positive anaerobe capable of dehalogenation and metal reduction | journal = BMC Microbiology | volume = 12 | pages = 21 | date = February 2012 | pmid = 22316246 | pmc = 3306737 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2180-12-21 }}</ref>.
'''''Desulfitobacterium hafniense''''' is a species of gram positive bacteria, its type strain is DCB-2<sup>T</sup>.<ref name="ChristiansenAhring1996">{{cite journal|last1=Christiansen|first1=N.|last2=Ahring|first2=B. K.|year=1996|title=Desulfitobacterium hafniense sp. nov., an Anaerobic, Reductively Dechlorinating Bacterium|journal=International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology|volume=46|issue=2|pages=442–448|doi=10.1099/00207713-46-2-442|issn=0020-7713}}</ref> ( NCBI taxonomy ID 272564; DSM 10664).

''D. hafniense'' are anaerobic [[spore]]-forming bacteria. The majority of the described isolates are facultatively organohalide respiring bacteria capable of reductive [[dechlorination]] of [[Halocarbon|organohalides]] such as [[chlorophenol]]s, and [[Tetrachloroethylene|tetrachloroethene]]. The cells of ''D. hafniense'' are rod-shaped and 3.3 to 6 [[micrometre|μm]] long by 0.6 to 0.7 μm wide, they are [[motile]], each cell having one or two terminal [[flagellum|flagella]]. All tested strains are resistant to the antibiotic [[vancomycin]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kalan|first=Lindsay|last2=Ebert|first2=Sara|last3=Kelly|first3=Tom|last4=Wright|first4=Gerard D.|date=2009-7|title=Noncanonical vancomycin resistance cluster from Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19414574|journal=Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy|volume=53|issue=7|pages=2841–2845|doi=10.1128/AAC.01408-08|issn=1098-6596|pmc=PMCPMC2704641|pmid=19414574}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kruse|first=Thomas|last2=Levisson|first2=Mark|last3=de Vos|first3=Willem M.|last4=Smidt|first4=Hauke|date=2014-9|title=vanI: a novel D-Ala-D-Lac vancomycin resistance gene cluster found in Desulfitobacterium hafniense|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25042042|journal=Microbial Biotechnology|volume=7|issue=5|pages=456–466|doi=10.1111/1751-7915.12139|issn=1751-7915|pmc=PMCPMC4229326|pmid=25042042}}</ref>.

Over the years several additional strains belonging to the ''hafniense'' species has been described from a diverse range of environments. Strains PCP-1, TCE1, DP7, TCP-A and G2 were originally published as members of a separate species ''Frappieri,'' but all are today considered as belonging to the ''hafniense'' species<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Niggemyer|first=A.|last2=Spring|first2=S.|last3=Stackebrandt|first3=E.|last4=Rosenzweig|first4=R. F.|date=2001-12|title=Isolation and characterization of a novel As(V)-reducing bacterium: implications for arsenic mobilization and the genus Desulfitobacterium|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11722908|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|volume=67|issue=12|pages=5568–5580|doi=10.1128/AEM.67.12.5568-5580.2001|issn=0099-2240|pmc=PMC93345|pmid=11722908}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Villemur|first=Richard|last2=Lanthier|first2=Martin|last3=Beaudet|first3=Réjean|last4=Lépine|first4=François|date=2006-9|title=The Desulfitobacterium genus|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16911041|journal=FEMS microbiology reviews|volume=30|issue=5|pages=706–733|doi=10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00029.x|issn=0168-6445|pmid=16911041}}</ref>.
{| class="wikitable"
|+''D. hafniense'' isolates
!Strain
!Source
!DSM
|-
|DCB-2<sup>T</sup><ref name="ChristiansenAhring1996" />
|Sewage sludge
|10664
|-
|PCP-1<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bouchard|first=B.|last2=Beaudet|first2=R.|last3=Villemur|first3=R.|last4=McSween|first4=G.|last5=Lépine|first5=F.|last6=Bisaillon|first6=J. G.|date=1996-10|title=Isolation and characterization of Desulfitobacterium frappieri sp. nov., an anaerobic bacterium which reductively dechlorinates pentachlorophenol to 3-chlorophenol|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8863430|journal=International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology|volume=46|issue=4|pages=1010–1015|doi=10.1099/00207713-46-4-1010|issn=0020-7713|pmid=8863430}}</ref>
|Sewage sludge
|12420
|-
|TCP-A<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Breitenstein|first=A.|last2=Saano|first2=A.|last3=Salkinoja-Salonen|first3=M.|last4=Andreesen|first4=J. R.|last5=Lechner|first5=U.|date=2001-2|title=Analysis of a 2,4,6-trichlorophenol-dehalogenating enrichment culture and isolation of the dehalogenating member Desulfitobacterium frappieri strain TCP-A|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11285741|journal=Archives of Microbiology|volume=175|issue=2|pages=133–142|issn=0302-8933|pmid=11285741}}</ref>
|River sediment
|13557
|-
|GBFH<ref name=":0" />
|River sediment
|
|-
|Y51<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Suyama|first=A.|last2=Iwakiri|first2=R.|last3=Kai|first3=K.|last4=Tokunaga|first4=T.|last5=Sera|first5=N.|last6=Furukawa|first6=K.|date=2001-7|title=Isolation and characterization of Desulfitobacterium sp. strain Y51 capable of efficient dehalogenation of tetrachloroethene and polychloroethanes|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11515528|journal=Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry|volume=65|issue=7|pages=1474–1481|doi=10.1271/bbb.65.1474|issn=0916-8451|pmid=11515528}}</ref>
|Polluted soil
|
|-
|TCE1<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gerritse|first=J.|last2=Drzyzga|first2=O.|last3=Kloetstra|first3=G.|last4=Keijmel|first4=M.|last5=Wiersum|first5=L. P.|last6=Hutson|first6=R.|last7=Collins|first7=M. D.|last8=Gottschal|first8=J. C.|date=1999-12|title=Influence of different electron donors and acceptors on dehalorespiration of tetrachloroethene by Desulfitobacterium frappieri TCE1|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10583967|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|volume=65|issue=12|pages=5212–5221|issn=0099-2240|pmc=PMC91707|pmid=10583967}}</ref>
|Polluted soil
|
|-
|PCE-S<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Miller|first=E.|last2=Wohlfarth|first2=G.|last3=Diekert|first3=G.|date=1997-12|title=Comparative studies on tetrachloroethene reductive dechlorination mediated by Desulfitobacterium sp. strain PCE-S|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9385143|journal=Archives of Microbiology|volume=168|issue=6|pages=513–519|issn=0302-8933|pmid=9385143}}</ref>
|Polluted soil
|14645
|-
|G2<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Shelobolina|first=Evgenya S.|last2=VanPraagh|first2=Catherine Gaw|last3=Lovley|first3=Derek R.|date=2003-3|title=Use of Ferric and Ferrous Iron Containing Minerals for Respiration by Desulfitobacterium frappieri|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01490450303884|journal=Geomicrobiology Journal|language=en|volume=20|issue=2|pages=143–156|doi=10.1080/01490450303884|issn=0149-0451}}</ref>
|Subsurface
|16228
|-
|DP7<ref>{{Cite journal|last=van de Pas|first=B. A.|last2=Harmsen|first2=H. J.|last3=Raangs|first3=G. C.|last4=de Vos|first4=W. M.|last5=Schraa|first5=G.|last6=Stams|first6=A. J.|date=2001-6|title=A Desulfitobacterium strain isolated from human feces that does not dechlorinate chloroethenes or chlorophenols|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11491079|journal=Archives of Microbiology|volume=175|issue=6|pages=389–394|issn=0302-8933|pmid=11491079}}</ref>
|Human feces
|13498
|-
|LBE<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Comensoli|first=Lucrezia|last2=Maillard|first2=Julien|last3=Albini|first3=Monica|last4=Sandoz|first4=Frederic|last5=Junier|first5=Pilar|last6=Joseph|first6=Edith|date=05 01, 2017|title=Use of Bacteria To Stabilize Archaeological Iron|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28283522|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|volume=83|issue=9|doi=10.1128/AEM.03478-16|issn=1098-5336|pmc=PMCPMC5394308|pmid=28283522}}</ref>
|
|
|}


'''Genomes'''

''Desulfitobacterium hafniense'' strain DCB-2<sup>T</sup> has a single circular genome that contains 5.78 Mbp encoding 5,045 genes. The genome of ''Desulfitobacterium hafniense'' strain DCB-2<sup>T</sup> harbors seven genes encoding reductive dehalogenases, five of these seems to be functional and two are disrupted by mutations <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Kim|first=Sang-Hoon|last2=Harzman|first2=Christina|last3=Davis|first3=John K.|last4=Hutcheson|first4=Rachel|last5=Broderick|first5=Joan B.|last6=Marsh|first6=Terence L.|last7=Tiedje|first7=James M.|date=2012-02-08|title=Genome sequence of Desulfitobacterium hafniense DCB-2, a Gram-positive anaerobe capable of dehalogenation and metal reduction|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22316246|journal=BMC microbiology|volume=12|pages=21|doi=10.1186/1471-2180-12-21|issn=1471-2180|pmc=PMCPMC3306737|pmid=22316246}}</ref>.

Full genome sequence information is available for nine ''desulfitobacterium hafniense'' strains. They all have genome sizes ranging from 5 to 5,7 Mbp, none of the sequenced strains contains any plasmids. The genomes encodes only limited numbers of [[reductive dehalogenases]], in addition to genes for utilizing a wide range of electron donors and acceptors.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Strain
!Genome size (Mbp)
!Number of reductive
dehalogenases
!Genome described
|-
|Y51
|5,7
|1
|2006<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Nonaka|first=Hiroshi|last2=Keresztes|first2=Gabor|last3=Shinoda|first3=Yoshifumi|last4=Ikenaga|first4=Yuko|last5=Abe|first5=Miyuki|last6=Naito|first6=Kae|last7=Inatomi|first7=Kenichi|last8=Furukawa|first8=Kensuke|last9=Inui|first9=Masayuki|date=2006-3|title=Complete genome sequence of the dehalorespiring bacterium Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51 and comparison with Dehalococcoides ethenogenes 195|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16513756|journal=Journal of Bacteriology|volume=188|issue=6|pages=2262–2274|doi=10.1128/JB.188.6.2262-2274.2006|issn=0021-9193|pmc=PMCPMC1428132|pmid=16513756}}</ref>
|-
|DCB-2<sup>T</sup>
|5,3
|7
|2012<ref name=":1" />
|-
|PCE-S
|5,7
|2
|2015<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Goris|first=Tobias|last2=Hornung|first2=Bastian|last3=Kruse|first3=Thomas|last4=Reinhold|first4=Anika|last5=Westermann|first5=Martin|last6=Schaap|first6=Peter J.|last7=Smidt|first7=Hauke|last8=Diekert|first8=Gabriele|date=2015|title=Draft genome sequence and characterization of Desulfitobacterium hafniense PCE-S|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26203328|journal=Standards in Genomic Sciences|volume=10|pages=15|doi=10.1186/1944-3277-10-15|issn=1944-3277|pmc=PMCPMC4511579|pmid=26203328}}</ref>
|-
|DH
|5,4
|0
|2016<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Zhang|first=Xi|last2=Li|first2=Guo-Xiang|last3=Chen|first3=Song-Can|last4=Jia|first4=Xiao-Yu|last5=Wu|first5=Kun|last6=Cao|first6=Chang-Li|last7=Bao|first7=Peng|date=2016-02-11|title=Draft Genome Sequence of Desulfitobacterium hafniense Strain DH, a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Isolated from Paddy Soils|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26868389|journal=Genome Announcements|volume=4|issue=1|doi=10.1128/genomeA.01693-15|issn=2169-8287|pmc=PMCPMC4751313|pmid=26868389}}</ref>
|-
|TCE1
|5,7
|1
|2017<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Kruse|first=Thomas|last2=Goris|first2=Tobias|last3=Maillard|first3=Julien|last4=Woyke|first4=Tanja|last5=Lechner|first5=Ute|last6=de Vos|first6=Willem|last7=Smidt|first7=Hauke|date=12 01, 2017|title=Comparative genomics of the genus Desulfitobacterium|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29040502|journal=FEMS microbiology ecology|volume=93|issue=12|doi=10.1093/femsec/fix135|issn=1574-6941|pmid=29040502}}</ref>
|-
|PCP-1
|5,6
|7
|2017<ref name=":2" />
|-
|LBE
|5,5
|2
|2017<ref name=":2" />
|-
|DP7
|5,2
|0
|2017<ref name=":2" />
|-
|TCP-A
|5
|5
|2017<ref name=":2" />
|}





== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== Further reading ==
==Further reading==
{{Refbegin}}
{{Refbegin}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Villemur R, Lanthier M, Beaudet R, Lépine F | title = The Desulfitobacterium genus | journal = FEMS Microbiology Reviews | volume = 30 | issue = 5 | pages = 706–33 | date = September 2006 | pmid = 16911041 | doi = 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00029.x | url = http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=0168-6445&date=2006&volume=30&issue=5&spage=706 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Villemur R, Lanthier M, Beaudet R, Lépine F |title=The Desulfitobacterium genus |journal=[[FEMS Microbiology Reviews]] |volume=30 |issue=5 |pages=706–33 |date=September 2006 |pmid=16911041 |doi=10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00029.x|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=0168-6445&date=2006&volume=30&issue=5&spage=706|issn= |accessdate=2013-08-21}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nonaka H, Keresztes G, Shinoda Y, Ikenaga Y, Abe M, Naito K, Inatomi K, Furukawa K, Inui M, Yukawa H | title = Complete genome sequence of the dehalorespiring bacterium Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51 and comparison with Dehalococcoides ethenogenes 195 | journal = Journal of Bacteriology | volume = 188 | issue = 6 | pages = 2262–74 | date = March 2006 | pmid = 16513756 | pmc = 1428132 | doi = 10.1128/JB.188.6.2262-2274.2006 | displayauthors = etal }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Nonaka H, Keresztes G, Shinoda Y |title=Complete genome sequence of the dehalorespiring bacterium Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51 and comparison with Dehalococcoides ethenogenes 195 |journal=[[Journal of Bacteriology]] |volume=188 |issue=6 |pages=2262–74 |date=March 2006 |pmid=16513756 |pmc=1428132 |doi=10.1128/JB.188.6.2262-2274.2006 |issn= |displayauthors=etal }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kim SH, Harzman C, Davis JK, Hutcheson R, Broderick JB, Marsh TL, Tiedje JM | title = Genome sequence of Desulfitobacterium hafniense DCB-2, a Gram-positive anaerobe capable of dehalogenation and metal reduction | journal = BMC Microbiology | volume = 12 | issue = 1 | pages = 21 | date = February 2012 | pmid = 22316246 | pmc = 3306737 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2180-12-21 }}
*{{cite journal|last1=Kim|first1=Sang-Hoon|last2=Harzman|first2=Christina|last3=Davis|first3=John K|last4=Hutcheson|first4=Rachel|last5=Broderick|first5=Joan B|last6=Marsh|first6=Terence L|last7=Tiedje|first7=James M|title=Genome sequence of Desulfitobacterium hafniense DCB-2, a Gram-positive anaerobe capable of dehalogenation and metal reduction|journal=BMC Microbiology|volume=12|issue=1|year=2012|pages=21|issn=1471-2180|doi=10.1186/1471-2180-12-21|pmid=22316246|pmc=3306737}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lanthier M, Juteau P, Lépine F, Beaudet R, Villemur R | title = Desulfitobacterium hafniense is present in a high proportion within the biofilms of a high-performance pentachlorophenol-degrading, methanogenic fixed-film reactor | journal = Applied and Environmental Microbiology | volume = 71 | issue = 2 | pages = 1058–65 | date = February 2005 | pmid = 15691966 | pmc = 546785 | doi = 10.1128/AEM.71.2.1058-1065.2005 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Lanthier M, Juteau P, Lépine F, Beaudet R, Villemur R |title=Desulfitobacterium hafniense is present in a high proportion within the biofilms of a high-performance pentachlorophenol-degrading, methanogenic fixed-film reactor |journal=[[Applied and Environmental Microbiology]] |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=1058–65 |date=February 2005 |pmid=15691966 |pmc=546785 |doi=10.1128/AEM.71.2.1058-1065.2005 |issn= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Villemur R | title = The pentachlorophenol-dehalogenating Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain PCP-1 | journal = Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences | volume = 368 | issue = 1616 | pages = 20120319 | date = April 2013 | pmid = 23479749 | pmc = 3638460 | doi = 10.1098/rstb.2012.0319 }}
*{{cite journal|last1=Villemur|first1=R.|title=The pentachlorophenol-dehalogenating Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain PCP-1|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|volume=368|issue=1616|year=2013|pages=20120319|issn=0962-8436|doi=10.1098/rstb.2012.0319|pmid=23479749|pmc=3638460}}
{{Refend}}
{{Refend}}


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[[Category:Peptococcaceae]]
[[Category:Peptococcaceae]]
[[Category:Bacteria described in 1996]]
[[Category:Bacteria described in 1996]]



{{Clostridia-stub}}
{{Clostridia-stub}}

Revision as of 15:25, 11 May 2019

Desulfitobacterium hafniense
Scientific classification
Domain:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
D. hafniense
Binomial name
Desulfitobacterium hafniense
Christiansen and Ahring 1996

Desulfitobacterium hafniense is a species of gram positive bacteria, its type strain is DCB-2T.[1] ( NCBI taxonomy ID 272564; DSM 10664).

D. hafniense are anaerobic spore-forming bacteria. The majority of the described isolates are facultatively organohalide respiring bacteria capable of reductive dechlorination of organohalides such as chlorophenols, and tetrachloroethene. The cells of D. hafniense are rod-shaped and 3.3 to 6 μm long by 0.6 to 0.7 μm wide, they are motile, each cell having one or two terminal flagella. All tested strains are resistant to the antibiotic vancomycin[2][3].

Over the years several additional strains belonging to the hafniense species has been described from a diverse range of environments. Strains PCP-1, TCE1, DP7, TCP-A and G2 were originally published as members of a separate species Frappieri, but all are today considered as belonging to the hafniense species[4][5].

D. hafniense isolates
Strain Source DSM
DCB-2T[1] Sewage sludge 10664
PCP-1[6] Sewage sludge 12420
TCP-A[7] River sediment 13557
GBFH[4] River sediment
Y51[8] Polluted soil
TCE1[9] Polluted soil
PCE-S[10] Polluted soil 14645
G2[11] Subsurface 16228
DP7[12] Human feces 13498
LBE[13]


Genomes

Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain DCB-2T has a single circular genome that contains 5.78 Mbp encoding 5,045 genes. The genome of Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain DCB-2T harbors seven genes encoding reductive dehalogenases, five of these seems to be functional and two are disrupted by mutations [14].

Full genome sequence information is available for nine desulfitobacterium hafniense strains. They all have genome sizes ranging from 5 to 5,7 Mbp, none of the sequenced strains contains any plasmids. The genomes encodes only limited numbers of reductive dehalogenases, in addition to genes for utilizing a wide range of electron donors and acceptors.

Strain Genome size (Mbp) Number of reductive

dehalogenases

Genome described
Y51 5,7 1 2006[15]
DCB-2T 5,3 7 2012[14]
PCE-S 5,7 2 2015[16]
DH 5,4 0 2016[17]
TCE1 5,7 1 2017[18]
PCP-1 5,6 7 2017[18]
LBE 5,5 2 2017[18]
DP7 5,2 0 2017[18]
TCP-A 5 5 2017[18]



References

  1. ^ a b Christiansen, N.; Ahring, B. K. (1996). "Desulfitobacterium hafniense sp. nov., an Anaerobic, Reductively Dechlorinating Bacterium". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 46 (2): 442–448. doi:10.1099/00207713-46-2-442. ISSN 0020-7713.
  2. ^ Kalan, Lindsay; Ebert, Sara; Kelly, Tom; Wright, Gerard D. (2009-7). "Noncanonical vancomycin resistance cluster from Desulfitobacterium hafniense Y51". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 53 (7): 2841–2845. doi:10.1128/AAC.01408-08. ISSN 1098-6596. PMC PMCPMC2704641. PMID 19414574. {{cite journal}}: Check |pmc= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ Kruse, Thomas; Levisson, Mark; de Vos, Willem M.; Smidt, Hauke (2014-9). "vanI: a novel D-Ala-D-Lac vancomycin resistance gene cluster found in Desulfitobacterium hafniense". Microbial Biotechnology. 7 (5): 456–466. doi:10.1111/1751-7915.12139. ISSN 1751-7915. PMC PMCPMC4229326. PMID 25042042. {{cite journal}}: Check |pmc= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  4. ^ a b Niggemyer, A.; Spring, S.; Stackebrandt, E.; Rosenzweig, R. F. (2001-12). "Isolation and characterization of a novel As(V)-reducing bacterium: implications for arsenic mobilization and the genus Desulfitobacterium". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 67 (12): 5568–5580. doi:10.1128/AEM.67.12.5568-5580.2001. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 93345. PMID 11722908. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  5. ^ Villemur, Richard; Lanthier, Martin; Beaudet, Réjean; Lépine, François (2006-9). "The Desulfitobacterium genus". FEMS microbiology reviews. 30 (5): 706–733. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00029.x. ISSN 0168-6445. PMID 16911041. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  6. ^ Bouchard, B.; Beaudet, R.; Villemur, R.; McSween, G.; Lépine, F.; Bisaillon, J. G. (1996-10). "Isolation and characterization of Desulfitobacterium frappieri sp. nov., an anaerobic bacterium which reductively dechlorinates pentachlorophenol to 3-chlorophenol". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 46 (4): 1010–1015. doi:10.1099/00207713-46-4-1010. ISSN 0020-7713. PMID 8863430. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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  11. ^ Shelobolina, Evgenya S.; VanPraagh, Catherine Gaw; Lovley, Derek R. (2003-3). "Use of Ferric and Ferrous Iron Containing Minerals for Respiration by Desulfitobacterium frappieri". Geomicrobiology Journal. 20 (2): 143–156. doi:10.1080/01490450303884. ISSN 0149-0451. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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  16. ^ Goris, Tobias; Hornung, Bastian; Kruse, Thomas; Reinhold, Anika; Westermann, Martin; Schaap, Peter J.; Smidt, Hauke; Diekert, Gabriele (2015). "Draft genome sequence and characterization of Desulfitobacterium hafniense PCE-S". Standards in Genomic Sciences. 10: 15. doi:10.1186/1944-3277-10-15. ISSN 1944-3277. PMC PMCPMC4511579. PMID 26203328. {{cite journal}}: Check |pmc= value (help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
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Further reading

External links