Stromal cell: Difference between revisions
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The interaction between stromal cells and [[tumor cells]] is known to play a major role in [[cancer]] growth and progression.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Wiseman BS, Werb Z |title=Stromal effects on mammary gland development and breast cancer |journal=Science |volume=296 |issue=5570 |pages=1046–9 |date=May 2002 |pmid=12004111 |pmc=2788989 |doi=10.1126/science.1067431 |url=http://anatomy.ucsf.edu/Werbwebsite/publication%20list%202002/1046.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628172102/http://anatomy.ucsf.edu/werbwebsite/publication%20list%202002/1046.pdf |archive-date=2010-06-28 |df= }}</ref> In addition, by regulating local cytokine networks (e.g. [[M-CSF]],<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Spontaneous and inducible production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor by human bone marrow stromal cells|last = Fixe|first = Philippe|date = 1997|journal = European Cytokine Network|doi = |pmid = 9110154|volume=8|issue = 1|pages=91–5}}</ref> [[Leukemia inhibitory factor|LIF]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last = LORGEOT|first = Valérie|date = 28 February 1997|journal = Cytokine|doi = 10.1006/cyto.1997.0225|pmid = 9344507|volume = 9|issue = 10|pages=754–758|title = Spontaneous and Inducible Production of Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor by Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells}}</ref>), bone marrow stromal cells have been described to be involved in human [[haematopoiesis]] and inflammatory processes. |
The interaction between stromal cells and [[tumor cells]] is known to play a major role in [[cancer]] growth and progression.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Wiseman BS, Werb Z |title=Stromal effects on mammary gland development and breast cancer |journal=Science |volume=296 |issue=5570 |pages=1046–9 |date=May 2002 |pmid=12004111 |pmc=2788989 |doi=10.1126/science.1067431 |url=http://anatomy.ucsf.edu/Werbwebsite/publication%20list%202002/1046.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628172102/http://anatomy.ucsf.edu/werbwebsite/publication%20list%202002/1046.pdf |archive-date=2010-06-28 |df= }}</ref> In addition, by regulating local cytokine networks (e.g. [[M-CSF]],<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Spontaneous and inducible production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor by human bone marrow stromal cells|last = Fixe|first = Philippe|date = 1997|journal = European Cytokine Network|doi = |pmid = 9110154|volume=8|issue = 1|pages=91–5}}</ref> [[Leukemia inhibitory factor|LIF]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last = LORGEOT|first = Valérie|date = 28 February 1997|journal = Cytokine|doi = 10.1006/cyto.1997.0225|pmid = 9344507|volume = 9|issue = 10|pages=754–758|title = Spontaneous and Inducible Production of Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor by Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells}}</ref>), bone marrow stromal cells have been described to be involved in human [[haematopoiesis]] and inflammatory processes. |
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Stromal cells (in the dermis layer) adjacent to the [[Epidermis (skin)|epidermis]] (the top layer of the skin) release [[growth factors]] that promote [[cell division]]. This keeps the epidermis regenerating from the bottom while the top layer of cells on the epidermis are constantly being "sloughed" off the body. Additionally, stromal cells play a role in inflammation responses, and controlling the amount of cells accumulating at an inflamed region of tissue.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Stromal cells in chronic inflammation and tertiary lymphoid organ formation.|journal=Annual Review of Immunology|volume=33|pages=715–45|pmid=25861980|year=2015|last1=Buckley|first1=C. D.|last2=Barone|first2=F.|last3=Nayar|first3=S.|last4=Bénézech|first4=C.|last5=Caamaño|first5=J.|doi=10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120252}}</ref> Certain types of skin cancers ([[basal cell carcinoma]]s) cannot spread throughout the body because the cancer cells require nearby stromal cells to continue their division. The loss of these stromal growth factors when the [[cancer]] moves throughout the body prevents the cancer from invading other organs. |
Stromal cells (in the dermis layer) adjacent to the [[Epidermis (skin)|epidermis]] (the top layer of the skin) release [[growth factors]] that promote [[cell division]]. This keeps the epidermis regenerating from the bottom while the top layer of cells on the epidermis are constantly being "sloughed" off the body. Additionally, stromal cells play a role in inflammation responses, and controlling the amount of cells accumulating at an inflamed region of tissue.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Stromal cells in chronic inflammation and tertiary lymphoid organ formation.|journal=Annual Review of Immunology|volume=33|pages=715–45|pmid=25861980|year=2015|last1=Buckley|first1=C. D.|last2=Barone|first2=F.|last3=Nayar|first3=S.|last4=Bénézech|first4=C.|last5=Caamaño|first5=J.|doi=10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120252}}</ref> During normal wound healing processes, the local stromal cells change into reactive stroma after altering their phenotype. However, under certain conditions, tumor cells can convert these reactive stromal cells further and transition them into tumor-associated stromal cells (TASCs) <ref>{{cite journal|title=Tumor-associated stromal cells as key contributors to the tumor microenvironment|journal=Breast Cancer Research|volume=18|issue=84|last1=Bussard|first1=Karen|last2=Mutkus|first2=Lysette|last3=Stumpf|first3=Kristina|doi=10.1186/s13058-016-0740-2}}</ref>. |
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Certain types of skin cancers ([[basal cell carcinoma]]s) cannot spread throughout the body because the cancer cells require nearby stromal cells to continue their division. The loss of these stromal growth factors when the [[cancer]] moves throughout the body prevents the cancer from invading other organs. |
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Stroma is made up of the non-malignant cells, but can provide an extracellular matrix on which tumor cells can grow. Stromal cells may also limit [[T-cell]] proliferation via nitric oxide production, hindering immune capability.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stromal cells put the brakes on T-cell responses|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/icb2011106|accessdate=5 July 2018}}</ref> |
Stroma is made up of the non-malignant cells, but can provide an extracellular matrix on which tumor cells can grow. Stromal cells may also limit [[T-cell]] proliferation via nitric oxide production, hindering immune capability.<ref>{{cite web|title=Stromal cells put the brakes on T-cell responses|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/icb2011106|accessdate=5 July 2018}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 22:42, 20 April 2020
Stromal cells are connective tissue cells of any organ, for example in the uterine mucosa (endometrium), prostate, bone marrow, lymph node and the ovary. They are cells that support the function of the parenchymal cells of that organ. The most common stromal cells include fibroblasts and pericytes. The term stromal comes from Latin stromat-, “bed covering”, and Ancient Greek στρῶμα, strôma, “bed”.
The interaction between stromal cells and tumor cells is known to play a major role in cancer growth and progression.[1] In addition, by regulating local cytokine networks (e.g. M-CSF,[2] LIF[3]), bone marrow stromal cells have been described to be involved in human haematopoiesis and inflammatory processes.
Stromal cells (in the dermis layer) adjacent to the epidermis (the top layer of the skin) release growth factors that promote cell division. This keeps the epidermis regenerating from the bottom while the top layer of cells on the epidermis are constantly being "sloughed" off the body. Additionally, stromal cells play a role in inflammation responses, and controlling the amount of cells accumulating at an inflamed region of tissue.[4] During normal wound healing processes, the local stromal cells change into reactive stroma after altering their phenotype. However, under certain conditions, tumor cells can convert these reactive stromal cells further and transition them into tumor-associated stromal cells (TASCs) [5].
Certain types of skin cancers (basal cell carcinomas) cannot spread throughout the body because the cancer cells require nearby stromal cells to continue their division. The loss of these stromal growth factors when the cancer moves throughout the body prevents the cancer from invading other organs.
Stroma is made up of the non-malignant cells, but can provide an extracellular matrix on which tumor cells can grow. Stromal cells may also limit T-cell proliferation via nitric oxide production, hindering immune capability.[6]
See also
References
- ^ Wiseman BS, Werb Z (May 2002). "Stromal effects on mammary gland development and breast cancer" (PDF). Science. 296 (5570): 1046–9. doi:10.1126/science.1067431. PMC 2788989. PMID 12004111. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-28.
- ^ Fixe, Philippe (1997). "Spontaneous and inducible production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor by human bone marrow stromal cells". European Cytokine Network. 8 (1): 91–5. PMID 9110154.
- ^ LORGEOT, Valérie (28 February 1997). "Spontaneous and Inducible Production of Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor by Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells". Cytokine. 9 (10): 754–758. doi:10.1006/cyto.1997.0225. PMID 9344507.
- ^ Buckley, C. D.; Barone, F.; Nayar, S.; Bénézech, C.; Caamaño, J. (2015). "Stromal cells in chronic inflammation and tertiary lymphoid organ formation". Annual Review of Immunology. 33: 715–45. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120252. PMID 25861980.
- ^ Bussard, Karen; Mutkus, Lysette; Stumpf, Kristina. "Tumor-associated stromal cells as key contributors to the tumor microenvironment". Breast Cancer Research. 18 (84). doi:10.1186/s13058-016-0740-2.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ "Stromal cells put the brakes on T-cell responses". Retrieved 5 July 2018.
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