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→‎Signs and Symptoms: Added common signs and symptoms of abdominal migraines.
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==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
The diagnosis of abdominal migraines is controversial.<ref name=Abdo2002>{{cite book|last=Davidoff|first=Robert A.|title=Migraine : manifestations, pathogenesis, and management|year=2002|publisher=Oxford Univ. Press|location=Oxford [u.a.]|isbn=9780195137057|page=81|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PAdn6xC3KlAC&pg=PA81 |edition=2nd }}</ref> Diagnostic criteria from the International Classification of Headache Disorders {{As of|2004|lc=y}} are:
The diagnosis of abdominal migraines was once considered controversial<ref name=Abdo2002>{{cite book|last=Davidoff|first=Robert A.|title=Migraine : manifestations, pathogenesis, and management|year=2002|publisher=Oxford Univ. Press|location=Oxford [u.a.]|isbn=9780195137057|page=81|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PAdn6xC3KlAC&pg=PA81 |edition=2nd }}</ref> but is now accepted as a common cause of chronic abdominal pain in children.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mani|first=Jyoti|last2=Madani|first2=Shailender|date=2018-04-24|title=Pediatric abdominal migraine: current perspectives on a lesser known entity|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5923275/|journal=Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics|volume=9|pages=47–58|doi=10.2147/PHMT.S127210|issn=1179-9927|pmc=5923275|pmid=29733088}}</ref> Diagnostic criteria from the International Classification of Headache Disorders {{As of|2004|lc=y}} are:
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
:A. At least 5 attacks fulfilling criteria B-D.
:A. At least 5 attacks fulfilling criteria B-D.

Revision as of 18:47, 19 August 2020

Abdominal migraine is a disorder primarily of children which presents with episodes of abdominal pain without an accompanying headache.[1][2] It is difficult to confirm the diagnosis as there are not a set of features that is specific and thus it can take time before the diagnosis is made.[3] The condition is rare in adults;[1] however, children diagnosed with abdominal migraines may have migraine headaches as adults.[4]

Signs and Symptoms

As with other types of migraines, there is no diagnostic test to identify abdominal migraines[5]. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, a family history of migraines, and eliminations of other possible causes[6]. Common migraine triggers may also trigger abdominal migraines.

Symptoms[6] [5] may include:

  • Abdominal pain
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Headaches
  • Light sensitivity

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of abdominal migraines was once considered controversial[7] but is now accepted as a common cause of chronic abdominal pain in children.[8] Diagnostic criteria from the International Classification of Headache Disorders as of 2004 are:

A. At least 5 attacks fulfilling criteria B-D.
B. Attacks of abdominal pain lasting 1–72 hours (untreated or unsuccessfully treated)
C. Abdominal pain has all of the following characteristics:
1. midline location, periumbilical or poorly localized
2. dull or "just sore" quality
3. moderate or severe intensity
D. During abdominal pain at least 2 of the following:
1. loss of appetite
2. nausea
3. vomiting
4. pallor
E. Not attributed to another disorder[9]

Pathophysiology

Abdominal migraines are a type of functional pain.[10]

History

This condition was first described in 1921 by Buchanan.[11]

References

  1. ^ a b Russell, G; Abu-Arafeh, I; Symon, DN (2002). "Abdominal migraine: evidence for existence and treatment options". Paediatric Drugs. 4 (1): 1–8. doi:10.2165/00128072-200204010-00001. PMID 11817981.
  2. ^ Cuvellier, JC; Lépine, A (Jan 2010). "Childhood periodic syndromes". Pediatric Neurology. 42 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2009.07.001. PMID 20004856.
  3. ^ Catto-Smith, AG; Ranuh, R (Nov 2003). "Abdominal migraine and cyclical vomiting". Seminars in Pediatric Surgery. 12 (4): 254–8. doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2003.08.006. PMID 14655164.
  4. ^ "Headache: Hope through research". NINDS. April 2016.
  5. ^ a b "Abdominal Migraine". American Migraine Foundation. Retrieved 2020-08-19.
  6. ^ a b "Abdominal Migraine: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment > Condition at Yale Medicine". Yale Medicine. Retrieved 2020-08-19.
  7. ^ Davidoff, Robert A. (2002). Migraine : manifestations, pathogenesis, and management (2nd ed.). Oxford [u.a.]: Oxford Univ. Press. p. 81. ISBN 9780195137057.
  8. ^ Mani, Jyoti; Madani, Shailender (2018-04-24). "Pediatric abdominal migraine: current perspectives on a lesser known entity". Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics. 9: 47–58. doi:10.2147/PHMT.S127210. ISSN 1179-9927. PMC 5923275. PMID 29733088.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  9. ^ Headache Classification Subcommittee of the International Headache Society (2004). "The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd Edition" (PDF). Cephalalgia. 24 (Supplement 1). Oxford, England: Blackwell Publishing. ISSN 0333-1024. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 30, 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
  10. ^ Noe, JD; Li, BU (May 2009). "Navigating recurrent abdominal pain through clinical clues, red flags, and initial testing". Pediatric Annals. 38 (5): 259–66. PMID 19476298.
  11. ^ Tepper, edited by Stewart J. Tepper, Deborah E. (2011-08-22). The Cleveland Clinic manual of headache therapy. New York: Springer. p. 96. ISBN 9781461401780. {{cite book}}: |first= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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