Sha'ya ibn Farighun: Difference between revisions
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Shaʿyā ibn Farīghūn (Arabic: شعيا بن فريغون) was a Muslim writer active in the Emirate of Čaghāniyān in the 10th century. He wrote a short but comprehensive encyclopaedia in Arabic entitled Jawāmiʿ al-ʿulūm ("Connections of the Sciences"), which he dedicated to the Muḥtājid emir Abū ʿAlī Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Muẓaffar, who died in 955.[1]
Shaʿyā is the Arabic form of Isaiah.[2] The patronymic Ibn Farīghūn suggests a connection to the Farīghūnids who ruled Gūzgān to the south of Čaghāniyān.[1] This northeastern Iranian dynasty probably took its name from the earlier Afrīghids.[2] There is, however, some uncertainty surrounding the reading of the name of the author of the Jawāmiʿ. Fuat Sezgin read it as Mutaghabbī (or Mubtaghā) ibn Furayʿūn.[1] Others spell it Ibn Firīghūn.[3]
Ibn Farīghūn was a student of Abū Zayd al-Balkhī, who died in 934. Intellectually, he belongs to the school of al-Kindī.[4] The Jawāmiʿ is structured as a tashjīr: a system of trees and branches. The first division is between the maḳāla (discourse) on Arabic sciences and that on Greek (i.e., non-Arabic) sciences. This division is identical to that found in the later Mafātīḥ al-ʿulūm of Abū ʿAbdallāh al-Khwārazmī.[1] If the dating of Ibn Farīghūn's work to the mid-10th century is correct, then his is probably the earliest encyclopedia to adopt this "Arabic–Greek" format.[5] The Jawāmiʿ was probably designed as a handbook for the use of a kātib, state secretary.[4] It survives in several manuscripts, but there is as yet no critical edition.[1][6]
Notes
- ^ a b c d e Bosworth 2004.
- ^ a b Bosworth 2011.
- ^ İhsanoğlu & Rozenfeld 2003, p. 99.
- ^ a b Biesterfeldt 2011.
- ^ Rosenthal 1968, pp. 34–36.
- ^ İhsanoğlu & Rozenfeld 2003, p. 99, list manuscripts in Cairo, Istanbul and the Escorial.
Bibliography
- Biesterfeldt, Hans Hinrich (2011). "Ibn Farīġūn". In Henrik Lagerlund (ed.). Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy. Springer. pp. 487–489. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9729-4_222. ISBN 978-1-4020-9728-7.
- Bosworth, C. E. (2004). "Ibn Farīghūn". In Bearman, P. J.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E. & Heinrichs, W. P. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume XII: Supplement. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 386–387. ISBN 978-90-04-13974-9.
- Bosworth, C. E. (2011) [1984]. "Āl-e Farīḡūn". Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. Vol. 1, Fasc. 7. pp. 756–758.
{{cite encyclopedia}}:|volume=has extra text (help) - Dunlop, D. M. (1950–1955). "The Ğawāmi' al-'ulūm of Ibn Farīġūn". Zeki Velidi Togan’a armağan. Maarif Basımevi. pp. 348–353.
- İhsanoğlu, Ekmeleddin; Rozenfeld, Boris (2003). Mathematicians, Astronomers and Other Scholars of Islamic Civilisation and Their Works (7th–19th C.). Research Centre for Islamic History, Art, and Culture.
- Minorsky, Vladimir (1962). "Ibn Farīghūn and the Ḥudūd al-'ālam". A Locust's Leg: Studies in Honour of S. H. Taqizadeh. Percy Lund, Humphries. pp. 189–196. Reprinted in Minorsky, Iranica: Twenty Articles (University of Tehran, 1964), pp. 327–332.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - Rosenthal, Franz (1968). A History of Muslim Historiography (2nd ed.). E. J. Brill.