Black Thursday
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Black Thursday is a term used to refer to typically negative, notable events that have occurred on a Thursday. It has been used in the following cases:
- 6 February 1851, bushfires in Victoria, Australia.
- 18 September 1873, during the Panic of 1873, the U.S. bank Jay Cooke & Company declared bankruptcy, triggering a series of bank failures[1][failed verification]
- 21 June 1877, execution of 10 suspected leaders of the "Molly Maguires" that became known as “Black Thursday.”[better source needed]
- 8 November 1901 (21 November in the Gregorian calendar), the climax of the gospel riots in Athens.[2]
- 24 October 1929, start of the Wall Street Crash of 1929.[3] "Black Tuesday" was the following week on 29 October 1929.
- 15 August 1940, Schwarzer Donnerstag ("Black Thursday"),[citation needed] when the German Luftwaffe mounted its largest number of sorties during the Battle of Britain, and suffered its heaviest losses; known in Britain as "The Greatest Day"
- 14 October 1943, when the USAAF suffered large losses during bombing in the second Schweinfurt raid during World War II[4]
- The night of 16/17 December 1943, when RAF Bomber Command losses during the Berlin bombing campaign were particularly high.[citation needed]
- 12 April 1951 was nicknamed "Black Thursday"[citation needed] by USAF pilots after three MiG-15 squadrons with 30 aircraft attacked 48 B-29 Superfortress bombers protected by about a hundred F-80 Shooting Star and F-84 Thunderjet fighters, over Korea, resulting in the destruction of 10 B-29s.
- 12 May 1955, first day of the Hock Lee Bus Riots in Singapore[citation needed]
- 1 September 1960, a disastrous day for American track and field favourites in the Olympic stadium at the 1960 Rome Olympics[better source needed]
- 4 April 1963, 127 fires burn 185,000 acres in North Carolina[citation needed]
- 21 November 1968, day of protests by students at University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh[5]
- 17 December 1970, shipyard workers and protesters were killed by the army and militia during the massive protests in Gdynia, Poland[citation needed]
- 12 April 1973, clashes between the police and right-wing demonstrators in Milan resulted in the killing of policeman Antonio Marino.[6]
- 30 May 1975, the massacre of about 50 Lebanese Christians in the area of Bashoura in West Beirut.
- 22 January 1987, the Mendiola massacre, in which state security forces violently dispersed a farmers' march to Malacañan Palace[failed verification]
- 8 February 1996, the Black World Wide Web protest against the Communications Decency Act in the United States
- 24 July 2003, Jueves negro (Spanish for "Black Thursday"), when violent political demonstrations created havoc in Guatemala City
- The 6 May 2010 Flash Crash, when the Dow Jones briefly lost more than 900 points[citation needed]
- 30 September 2009, when the Irish government revealed to its people the alleged full cost of bailing out Anglo-Irish Bank[7][8]
- 30 September 2010 in Stuttgart,[citation needed] when German police forces used excessive force against protesters that demonstrated against the Stuttgart 21 train station building project.
- 16 January 2014, when the Parliament of Ukraine ratified restrictive anti-protest laws amid massive anti-government protests.
- 12 June 2014, when WWE fired 11 wrestlers.[9][failed verification]
- 15 November 2018, the Franco-Ontarian jeudi noir when the government of Ontario announced the elimination of several Franco-Ontarian institutions[10]
- 12 March 2020, Black Thursday stock market crash
- "Black Thursday", the week day preceding Black Friday
See also
References
- ^ Chernow, Ron (5 May 1998). Titan: the life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. Random House. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-679-43808-3. Retrieved 17 September 2011.[failed verification]
- ^ Carabott, Philip (1993). "Politics, orthodoxy, and the language question in Greece: the Gospel Riots of 1901" (PDF). Journal of Mediterranean Studies. 3 (1): 117–138. ISSN 1016-3476. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 February 2012.
- ^ "stock market crash of 1929". www.britannica.com. Encyclopedia Britannica. 5 September 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2022.
- ^ "Black Thursday: Schweinfurt, October 14, 1943". National Museum of the United States Air Force™. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
- ^ "Black Thursday (November 21, 1968)". Wisconsin Historical Society. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
- ^ Ferrari, Saverio (2016). 12 aprile 1973. Il 'giovedì nero' di Milano. Quando i fascisti uccisero l'agente Antonio Marino [12 April 1973. The 'Black Thursday' of Milan. When the fascists killed policeman Antonio Marino] (in Italian). Unaltrastoria. ISBN 978-8867181179.
- ^ "Bleak outlook after Irish banks bail out". BBC News. 30 September 2010.
- ^ "Lenihan on Black Thursday". Evening Herald. 30 September 2010.
- ^ "WWE Finally Release JTG". Archived from the original on 18 June 2014. Retrieved 12 June 2014.[failed verification]
- ^ Vachet, Benjamin (25 November 2018). "Le " jeudi noir " de l'Ontario français". ONFR.
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