Calicium abietinum
| Calicium abietinum | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Caliciales |
| Family: | Caliciaceae |
| Genus: | Calicium |
| Species: | C. abietinum
|
| Binomial name | |
| Calicium abietinum Pers. (1797)
| |
Calicium abietinum, commonly known as fir pin or black stubble,[1] is a crustose lichen that is found growing on trees throughout much of the world.
Morphology[edit]
The lichen has a lichenized life habit. Its thallus is immersed.[2]
The apothecia are not pruinose, 0.6-0.9 mm tall, and 6-11 times as high as the width of the stalk. The stalk is dark brown in longitudinal section, consisting of densely intertwined, sclerotized hyphae. The outermost part of the stalk is +hyaline, with pale hyphae and a thin sheet of gelatinous material at the surface, often with a brownish or olivaceous tinge, or shiny black, and 0.08-0.13 mm wide.[2][3]
The capitulum is 0.21-0.28 mm in diameter and lens- or slightly bell-shaped. The exciple has an upper part that is often slightly translucent and pale, formed as a continuation of the stalk tissue, with isodiametric to slightly elongated and anti-clinally arranged, heavily sclerotized cells. The hypothecium is flat or slightly convex.[2][3]
The asci are 44 x 4-5 μm, cylindrical, and have uniseriate spores. The ascospores are semi-mature without ornamentation, but mature spores are ellipsoid, 11-15 x 5-7 μm, with irregular ornamentation of small pustules (minutely warted) giving rise to a dotted appearance under a light microscope, sometimes with a few irregular cracks.[2]
Chemistry[edit]
Spot tests show the thallus is K-, C-, KC-, P-, and the apothecia are I-.[2]
Ecology and distribution[edit]
Calicium abietinum grows on wood, especially conifers and oaks, as well as on decaying stumps and logs, in the fringe areas of forests in moderate to rather strong light.[2]
Its known distribution includes Europe, North America, Central America, South America,[1] and Australasia.[4] In the Sonoran region, it has been recorded from Arizona and the Channel Islands of California.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Calicium abietinum Species Fact Sheet" (PDF). Bureau of Land Management. 31 December 2008. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Consortium of Lichen Herbaria - Calicium abietinum". lichenportal.org. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
- ^ a b Gasparyan, Arsen; Sipman, Harrie J. M.; Lücking, Robert (24 July 2017). "Ramalina europaea and R. labiosorediata, two new species of the R. pollinaria group (Ascomycota: Ramalinaceae), and new typifications for Lichen pollinarius and L. squarrosus". The Lichenologist. 49 (4): 301–319. doi:10.1017/S0024282917000226. ISSN 0024-2829.
- ^ "Calicium abietinum". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.