Hurricane Ida (2009)

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Hurricane Ida
Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS/NWS)
Hurricane Ida near peak intensity on November 8
FormedNovember 4, 2009
DissipatedNovember 10, 2009
Highest winds1-minute sustained: 105 mph (165 km/h)
Lowest pressure976 mbar (hPa); 28.82 inHg
Fatalities10 direct
Damage$2.15 million (2009 USD)
Areas affectedNicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, western Cuba, Yucatan Peninsula, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida Panhandle, Georgia
Part of the 2009 Atlantic hurricane season

Hurricane Ida is the ninth tropical storm and third hurricane of the 2009 Atlantic hurricane season. Ida rapidly strengthened from when it formed to its landfall. Hurricane Ida developed shortly after noon (EDT) on November 4 as a tropical depression. The next day, Ida made landfall near Tasbapauni, Nicaragua, on November 6, as a minimal hurricane. Quickly weakening over land, Ida returned to tropical depression status as it moved towards Honduras, and survived the land crossing, emerging off the Honduran coast on the afternoon of November 6 as a tropical depression. The cyclone restrengthened, regaining tropical storm status early on November 7, and then hurricane status late on November 7. On November 9, Ida weakened in the Gulf, to a tropical storm, and it made a second landfall, in the U.S., northwest of Bon Secour, Alabama circa 0700 CST (1300 UTC) on November 10, 2009. It became extratropical by 0900 CST. The extratropical remains of Ida became a very destructive and memorable nor'easter along the Mid Atlantic coast.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

Hurricane Ida originated late on November 2, 2009 from a disorganized area of shower and thunderstorm activity, associated with a trough of low pressure, over the southwestern Caribbean Sea.[1] Early the next day, a weak surface low developed near Costa Rica. Although the system remained disorganized, low wind shear would allow it to develop.[2] Little movement was anticipated with the low as it gained organization throughout the day.[3] By the morning of November 4, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) stated that the low was likely to develop into a tropical depression at any point during the day.[4] Several hours later, the first advisory on Tropical Depression Elven was issued. At this time, the newly formed depression was located roughly 65 miles (100 kilometres) south-southwest of San Andres Island.[5] By this time, the system had developed convective banding features and deep thunderstorms formed around the center of circulation.[6]

Six hours later, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Ida, the ninth named storm of the 2009 Atlantic hurricane season.[7] Shortly after it was upgraded, Hurricane Hunter reconnaissance aircraft reached the storm and found that it had abruptly intensified to a strong tropical storm, with sustained winds near 65 mph (100 km/h).[8] By the evening hours, microwave satellite imagery depicted a developing banding-eye feature around the center of Ida. outflow from the system was strong in all direction and further intensification was possible before the storm moved over Nicaragua.[9] The following morning, Ida intensified into a low-end Category 1 hurricane just off the coast of Nicaragua.[10] Not long after being upgraded, the hurricane made landfall with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h) near Tasbapauni, Nicaragua.[11]

Several hours after moving inland, Ida quickly became disorganized and weakened to a tropical storm. The NHC anticipated the system to survive its passage across Central America and re-enter the Caribbean Sea north of Honduras.[12] Late on November 5, the storm further weakened to a tropical depression as it turned towards the north and convection became displaced from the center of circulation.[13] The following day, Ida moved back over water and quickly began to reorganize.[14] Several hours after moving over the warm waters of the northwestern Caribbean, Ida re-attained tropical storm status as convection condensed around the center of circulation.[15]

On November 8, Ida strengthened to a Category 2 hurricane as it entered the deep warm waters of the northwestern Caribbean Sea. It tracked NNW into the Gulf of Mexico that afternoon, with winds reaching 105 mph (165 km/h) that evening. On November 9, Ida weakened in the Gulf, to a tropical storm with winds near 70 mph (110 km/h). Ida made a second landfall, in the U.S., northwest of Bon Secour, Alabama circa 7 a.m. CST (1300 UTC) on November 10, 2009. It became extratropical by 0900 CST. [16] The remnants of Ida were last noted by the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center on November 13 as they moved away from the United States and into the open Atlantic.[17]

Preparations

Nicaragua and Honduras

Throughout Nicaragua, officials evacuated roughly 3,000 people from areas prone to flash floods and landslides as rainfall in excess of 20 in (510 mm) was expected to fall. About 1,100 of the evacuees were from Corn Island[18] and Little Corn Island where their homes were not expected to hold up to hurricane-force winds. In Bluefields, roughly 1,100 people were evacuated to shelters.[19] Authorities began stockpiling supplies such as food, blankets and water that could supply 20,000 people after the storm.[20]

As Ida neared the coastline of Nicaragua, officials in Honduras warned residents of the likelihood of heavy rainfall from the storm. In response to this, the country's disaster alert level was raised to yellow.[21]

United States

In the United States, Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal declared a state of emergency due to the forecasted hurricane conditions;[22] however, the storm came ashore as a tropical storm, over 100 miles (160 km) to the east, in coastal Alabama.

Impact

Nicaragua

Wettest tropical cyclones and their remnants in Nicaragua
Highest-known totals
Precipitation Storm Location Ref.
Rank mm in
1 1597 62.87 Mitch 1998 Picacho/Chinandega [23]
2 674 26.55 Eta 2020 Puerto Corinto [24]
3 500 19.69 Joan 1988 [25]
4 447 17.60 Gert 1993 Chinandega [26]
5 368 14.49 Fifi 1974 Chinandega [26]
6 298 11.72 Alma 2008 Punto Sandino [27]
7 272 10.70 Cesar 1996 Bluefields [28]
8 231 9.10 Ida 2009 Puerto Cabezas [29]
9 181 7.11 Felix 2007 Puerto Cabezas [30]

Throughout Nicaragua, at least 12,000 people were affected by Ida.[20] The most severe damage took place in Karawala and Corn Island, near where the storm made landfall. There, roughly 80% of the structures were destroyed.[19] On Corn Island, 40 homes, 3 schools and a church were destroyed and the electrical and water grids were severely disrupted. Roughly 6,000 people from the municipalities of Sandy Bay, Karawala, Kukra Hilla, Laguna de Perlas, El Tortuguero and the mouth of the Rio Grande were evacuated to 54 shelters during the storm. Officials stated that 42 along the miskito coast were unaccounted for as they refused to evacuate prior to the storm.[20] The day after Ida passed through, officials began to assess the full extent of the hurricane's damage. An estimated 40,000 people were left homeless throughout the country and one person was listed as missing. Mayors of severely impacted towns reported that there were numerous injuries, missing persons and extensive property damage. As of November 6, 530 homes were listed as destroyed and 240 others were damaged.[31]

Rainfall produced by the storm was significantly less than anticipated according to satellite derived estimates. Along coastal areas of Nicaragua, roughly 11 in (280 mm) of rain fell while areas further inland received less than 8 in (200 mm).[32] Damages from Ida on Corn Island amounted to at least 30 million córdoba ($1.45 million USD).[33] Damages in Karawala have been estimated at 16 million córdoba ($770,000 USD).

Shortly after the storm moved inland, 700 civil defense personnel were deployed to the affected region; however, due to damaged roads and poor travel conditions, they struggled to reach isolated regions.[20] The Nicaraguan army supplied relief crews with four helicopters and two AN-2 aircraft for damage survailance and search-and-rescue missions in the wake of Ida.[34]

El Salvador

Main article: 2009 El Salvador floods and mudslides

Initial reports blaming at least 124 deaths in El Salvador on Hurricane Ida have been contradicted by the US National Hurricane Center which reports that the flooding and mudslides there were caused by a separate Pacific low-pressure system.[35]

United States

One Louisiana shrimp fisherman is presumed dead after waves swept him off a vessel.[36] After making two landfalls in Alabama,[37] Ida proceeded as an extratropical storm to deluge the Atlanta region with more than four inches (100 mm.) of rain on November 11, causing extensive flooding.[38] The remnants of Ida redeveloped into a strong coastal storm ("nor'easter") that caused major damage along the United States Atlantic Coast.[39] The highest rainfall was in Chesapeake, Virginia which recorded 11.92 in (303 mm).[17] Five people were killed, including three in Virginia. A power outage in Virginia and North Carolina impacted thousands of customers. In Mooresville, NC a man was killed when high winds caused a tree to crash onto his car on November 11. In New Jersey, many roads were closed, 6 people died, and emergency teams rescued several motorists. Wind gusts up to 90 mph (145 km/h) were recorded, as well as major beach erosion.[40][41]

See also

Template:Tcportal

References

  1. ^ James Franklin (November 2, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  2. ^ James Franklin (November 3, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  3. ^ James Franklin (November 3, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  4. ^ Todd Kimberlain and Eric Blake (November 4, 2009). "Tropical Weather Outlook". National Hurricane Center.
  5. ^ Eric Blake and James Franklin (November 4, 2009). "Tropical Depression Eleven Public Advisory One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  6. ^ Eric Blake and James Franklin (November 4, 2009). "Tropical Depression Eleven Discussion One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  7. ^ Eric Blake and Richard Pasch (November 4, 2009). "Tropical Storm Ida Public Advisory Two". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  8. ^ Richard Pasch and David Roberts (November 4, 2009). "Tropical Storm Ida Tropical Cyclone Update". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  9. ^ Richard Pasch and David Roberts (November 4, 2009). "Tropical Storm Ida Discussion Three". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  10. ^ Michael Brennan, Daniel Brown and Eric Blake (November 5, 2009). "Hurricane Ida Public Advisory Four-A". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  11. ^ Daniel Brown and Eric Blake (November 5, 2009). "Hurricane Ida Discussion Five". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
  12. ^ Daniel Brown (November 5, 2009). "Tropical Storm Ida Discussion Six". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  13. ^ Richard Pasch and David Roberts (November 5, 2009). "Tropical Depression Ida Discussion Seven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  14. ^ Robbie Berg (November 6, 2009). "Tropical Depression Ida Discussion Eleven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  15. ^ Michael Brennan (November 7, 2009). "Tropical Storm Ida Discussion Twelve". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 14, 2009.
  16. ^ "Advisory 27". National Hurricane Center. November 10, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-10.
  17. ^ a b "Ida disscssion 39". Retrieved 2009-11-13.
  18. ^ Staff Writer (November 5, 2009). "Hurricane Ida downgraded, hits thousands in Nicaragua". Agence France-Presse. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  19. ^ a b Filadelfo Aleman (November 5, 2009). "Hurricane Ida hits Nicaragua coast". Associated Press. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  20. ^ a b c d Staff Writer (November 5, 2009). "Hurricane Ida hits Nicaragua's Caribbean coast - Summary". Earth Times. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  21. ^ Template:Es icon Staff Writer (November 6, 2009). "Olancho, Colón y Gracias a Dios en alerta amarilla por depresión tropical "Ida"". La Tribuna. Retrieved November 7, 2009. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  22. ^ CNN Breaking News Alert. November 8, 2009 3:37: PM EST
  23. ^ U. S. Geological Survey. "Landslide Response to Hurricane Mitch Rainfall in Seven Study Areas in Nicaragua" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  24. ^ Richard J. Pasch and David P. Roberts (2021-06-09). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Eta - 31 October-13 November 2020. National Hurricane Center Retrieved on June 12, 2021.
  25. ^ "Nicaragua - Hurricane Joan". ReliefWeb. 1988-10-26. Retrieved 2009-11-07.
  26. ^ a b Dr. Wilfried Strauch (November 2004). "Evaluación de las Amenazas Geológicas e Hidrometeorológicas para Sitios de Urbanización" (PDF). Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales (INETER). p. 11. Retrieved 2009-11-07.
  27. ^ Daniel P. Brown. "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Alma" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-11-29.
  28. ^ Lixion Avila. "Preliminary Report: Hurricane Cesar - 24-29 July 1996" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-11-29.
  29. ^ Lixion A. Avila and John Cangialosi (January 14, 2010). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Ida" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 14, 2010.
  30. ^ Jack Beven. "Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Felix" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
  31. ^ Template:Es icon Staff Writer (November 6, 2009). "El huracán 'Ida' deja al menos 40.000 damnificados en Nicaragua". Agence France-Presse. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  32. ^ Jeff Masters (November 7, 2009). "Ida strengthens, could be a hurricane for the Yucatan". Weather Underground. Retrieved November 7, 2009.
  33. ^ Template:Es icon Sergio León (November 5, 2009). "Huracán deja estela de daños en la RAAS". La Prensa. Retrieved November 6, 2009.
  34. ^ Template:Es icon Associated Press (November 5, 2009). "Huracán Ida toca tierra en Nicaragua". El Universal. Retrieved November 6, 2009. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  35. ^ Jeras, Jacqui (November 8, 2009). "Ida kills 91 in El Salvador, heads for U.S. Gulf Coast". CNN International. Miami, Florida: Cable News Network. Retrieved 2009-11-08. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  36. ^ http://www.tuscaloosanews.com/article/20091111/NEWS/911109893/1007?Title=Minimal-damage-reported-across-West-Alabama
  37. ^ http://www.myfoxatlanta.com/dpp/news/Residents+Stay+Put+as+Ida+Dumps+Rain+111009
  38. ^ http://www.cbsatlanta.com/news/21556564/detail.html
  39. ^ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/33905909/ns/weather/
  40. ^ http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601203&sid=aV6kE3pi1SuQ
  41. ^ http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20091113/ap_on_re_us/us_severe_weather

External Links

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