Hydnangiaceae
| Hydnangiaceae | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Hydnangium carneum | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Hydnangiaceae Gäum. & C.W.Dodge (1928) |
| Type genus | |
| Hydnangium Wallr. (1839) |
|
| Genera | |
The Hydnangiaceae are a family of fungi in the order of mushrooms known as the Agaricales. Widespread in temperate and tropical regions throughout the world, the family contains approximately 30 species amongst 4 genera.[1] Species in the Hydnangiaceae form ectomycorrhizal relationships with various species of trees in both coniferous and deciduous forests.[2]
Contents |
[edit] Description
Taxa may have fruiting bodies with stems and caps (pileate-stipiate), or gasteroid (with internal spore production, like puffballs). When pileate the cap is glabrous to scaly, sometimes striate, typically orange-brown or violet in color; the gills are widely spaced, thick and waxy. In gasteroid forms, fruit body shape is irregular, with thin walls. Also, the peridium (the outer layer of the spore-bearing organ) is sometimes short-lasting (evanescent). Columella (the central, sterile part of the sporangium) may be absent or present, the hymenium are not gelatinized, and are formed in locules. Basidia are club-shaped (clavate), with two or four sterigmata, sometimes with accompanying cheilocystidia (cystidia on the edges of gills). Taxa have a widespread distribution in both temperate and tropical zones.[3]
[edit] Genera and species
Hydnangium have hypogeal fruiting bodies like truffles, with no stem, nor a columella.
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- Hydnangium carneum, Wallr. (1839) sometimes considered a truffle associated with Eucalyptus trees.
Laccaria have a 'typical' mushroom shape (pileate-stipiate)
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- Laccaria alba Zhu L. Yang & Lan Wang (2004)[4]
- Laccaria amethystina
- L. angustilamella Zhu L. Yang & Lan Wang (2004)[4]
- Laccaria bicolor
- L. fraterna, (Cooke & Massee) Pegler.
- Laccaria laccata
- L. maritima
- L. proxima
- L. pumila
- L. purpureobadia
- L. tetraspora
- L. tortilis
Maccagnia
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- Maccagnia carnica, Mattir. 1922
Podohydnangium have subepigeal fruiting bodies, with partially exposed gleba at the base, and have stem columella
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- Podohydnangium australe
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Laccaria amethysta
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Laccaria bicolor
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Laccaria laccata
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Laccaria proxima
[edit] See also
[edit] References
Beaton G, Pegler DN, Young TWK. 1984. Gasteroid Basidiomycota of Victoria State, Australia. I. Hydnangiaceae. Kew Bulletin 39(3):499-508.
- ^ Matheny PB, Curtis JM, Hofstetter V, et al. (2006). "Major clades of Agaricales: a multilocus phylogenetic overview". Mycologia 98 (6): 982–95. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.6.982. PMID 17486974.
- ^ Cannon PF, Kirk PM. (2007). Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford: CABI. p. 164. ISBN 0-85199-827-5.
- ^ Mueller GM. (1997). "Distribution and species composition of Laccaria (Agaricales) in tropical and subtropical America". Revta Biol. Trop. 44: 131–5.
- ^ a b Wang L, Yang ZL, Liu JH. (2004). Two new species of Laccaria (Basidiomycetes) from China". Nova Hedwiga 79 (3–4): 511–7.
