Kawahla people

Kawahla are an Arab tribe inhabiting Eastern Sudan.^[1]^[2]^[3] They speak Sudanese Arabic and members of this ethnicity are Sunni Muslim.

The Kawahla fought with the Juhayna Arabs to bring a end to the Christian Nubian kingdom Makuria, through a combination of conquest and intermarriage in the mid 14th century the kingdom of Makuria fell, resulting in an Arab Islamic dynasty (Banu Kanz) in Nubia. Most of the Kawahla are farmers, the main crops they grow are sorghum, wheat, cotton, beans (luba) and fruits such as La loba and Nabag. Studies of the Kawahla in Kurdufan found that they migrate away from the wet season pasture to grazing land near permanent wells to wait for the dry season.^[4] In the 19th century, Hedley Vicars encountered the Kawahla, whom asked him to settle their dispute with other tribes.^[5] Lord Edward Gleichen also wrote about the Kawahla.^[6]^[7]

References

^ Davis, H. R. J. (1986). Rural Development in White Nile Province, Sudan: A Study of Interaction Between Man and Natural Resources, Issue 59. United Nations University. p. 66. ISBN 9280805797. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
^ Johnson, David Hamilton; Anderson, David M. (2011). The Ecology of Survival: Case Studies from Northeast African History. I.B. Tauris. p. 158. ISBN 978-1870915007. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
^ Kramer, Robert S.; Lobban Jr., Richard A.; Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn (2013). Historical Dictionary of the Sudan. Scarecrow Press. pp. 148–331. ISBN 978-0810879409. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
^ Jousse, Hélène; Lesur, Joséphine (2011). People and Animals in Holocene Africa: Recent Advances in Archaeozoology. Africa Magna Verlag. p. 105. ISBN 978-3937248271. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
^ Manger, Leif O. (1994). From the Mountains to the Plains: The Integration of the Lafofa Nuba Into Sudanese Society. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 44. ISBN 9171063366. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
^ The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Volume 1. Sudan: H. M. Stationery Office. 1905. pp. 109–325. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
^ Gleichen, Edward (1905). The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: A Compendium Prepared by Officers of the Sudan Government, Volume 2. Sudan: H. M. Stationery Office. pp. 67–164. Retrieved September 8, 2015.

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[1] Davis, H. R. J. (1986). Rural Development in White Nile Province, Sudan: A Study of Interaction Between Man and Natural Resources, Issue 59. United Nations University. p. 66. ISBN 9280805797. Retrieved September 8, 2015.

[2] Johnson, David Hamilton; Anderson, David M. (2011). The Ecology of Survival: Case Studies from Northeast African History. I.B. Tauris. p. 158. ISBN 978-1870915007. Retrieved September 8, 2015.

[3] Kramer, Robert S.; Lobban Jr., Richard A.; Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn (2013). Historical Dictionary of the Sudan. Scarecrow Press. pp. 148–331. ISBN 978-0810879409. Retrieved September 8, 2015.

[4] Jousse, Hélène; Lesur, Joséphine (2011). People and Animals in Holocene Africa: Recent Advances in Archaeozoology. Africa Magna Verlag. p. 105. ISBN 978-3937248271. Retrieved September 8, 2015.

[5] Manger, Leif O. (1994). From the Mountains to the Plains: The Integration of the Lafofa Nuba Into Sudanese Society. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 44. ISBN 9171063366. Retrieved September 8, 2015.

[6] The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Volume 1. Sudan: H. M. Stationery Office. 1905. pp. 109–325. Retrieved September 8, 2015.

[7] Gleichen, Edward (1905). The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: A Compendium Prepared by Officers of the Sudan Government, Volume 2. Sudan: H. M. Stationery Office. pp. 67–164. Retrieved September 8, 2015.

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References