Missa Solemnis
Missa solemnis is Latin for solemn mass, and is a genre of musical settings of the ordinary mass, which are festively scored and render the Latin text extensively, opposed to the more modest Missa brevis. In French, the genre is "Messe solennelle". The terms came into use in the classical period. Works in the genre have been composed since.
When "Missa Solemnis" is used as a name, without referring to a composer, Beethoven's work is generally implied. Some of the greatest compositions in the genre have unique common names other than Missa solemnis, namely Bach's Mass in B minor and Mozart's Great Mass in C minor. Some works are solemn settings in proportion and scoring, but are not called a "Missa solemnis", for example several late settings of both Haydn and Schubert, and three settings by Anton Bruckner.
- Masses named "Missa solemnis" include
- Beethoven: Missa solemnis in D major (1823)
- Berlioz: Messe solennelle (1824)
- Bruckner: Missa solemnis in B flat minor (1854)
- Cherubini: Messa solenne "Per il Principe Esterházy" (1811)
- Langlais: Messe solennelle
- Mozart: Missa solemnis in C minor "Waisenhaus", No. 4, K. 139
- Mozart: Missa solemnis in C major, K. 337
- Rossini: Petite messe solennelle (1863)
- Vierne: Messe solennelle in C-sharp minor
- Weber: Missa Solemnis No. 2 (1818-1819) "Messe du Freischutz"
Composers who wrote a called "Missa Solemnis" have included France Ačko (1941), Hendrik Andriessen (1946), Marco Betta, František Brixi, Antonio Buonomo (1983), Alfredo Casella (1944), Paul Creston, Georg Druschetzky (1804), Bohumil Fidler (1901), Joseph-Hector Fiocco, Konstanty Gorski, Michael Haydn (1772), Václav Emanuel Horák, Sigurd Islandsmoen (1954), Friedrich Kiel, Karel Blažej Kopřiva, Josef Lammerz (1990), Colin Mawby (2011), Boleslaw Ocias and Johann Nepomuk Schelble, Wolfgang Seifen, Johann Baptist Vanhal (1778),Bedřich Antonín Wiedermann (1848).
- Festive mass settings in other languages include
- Jakub Jan Ryba: Czech Christmas Mass, Missa solemnis Festis Nativitatis D. J. Ch. accommodata in linguam bohemicam musikamque redacta – que redacta per Jac. Joa. Ryba (1796)
- Masses which are solemn but not named "Missa solemnis" include
- Bach: Mass in B minor (1733/1749)
- Bruckner: Mass in D minor (1864/1876/1881)
- Bruckner: Mass in E minor (1866/1869/1876/1882)
- Bruckner: Mass in F minor (1868/1872/1876/1877/1881/1883/1893)
- Haydn: Missa in tempore belli (Mass in the Time of War) in C major, (1796)
- Mozart: Great Mass in C minor (1782/1783)
