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New York Family Court

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Family Court of the State of New York
Court overview
FormedSeptember 1, 1962 (1962-09-01)
JurisdictionNew York
Court executive
  • deputy chief administrative judge
  • NYC deputy chief administrative judge
Parent departmentNew York State Unified Court System
Key document

The Family Court of the State of New York is a specialized court of the New York State Unified Court System located in each county of the state.[2][3][4] The New York City Family Court is the name given to the state Family Court within New York City.

Jurisdiction

It is a family court that hears cases involving children and families and handles issues such as child abuse and neglect (child protection), adoption, child custody and visitation, domestic violence, guardianship, juvenile delinquency, paternity, persons in need of supervision (PINS), and child support.[5] In New York City, it has concurrent jurisdiction with the New York City Criminal Court for family offenses (domestic violence).[citation needed]

The Family Court building in Manhattan

Family Court does not have jurisdiction over divorces, which must be litigated in the Supreme Court, and although Criminal Court domestic violence parts typically hear all cases involving crimes against intimate partners (whether opposite- or same-sex), New York law defines family offenses to include only those related by blood, actual marriage (common law marriage is not recognized in New York), or a child in common.[citation needed]

Judges

In the New York City Family Court (the "Family Court of the State of New York within the City of New York"), judges are appointed by the Mayor to ten-year terms; elsewhere they are elected to ten-year terms.[2] There are 47 judges in the New York City Family Court.[6]

In 1939, Justice Jane Bolin became the first black female judge in the United States when Mayor Fiorello La Guardia swore her in to the bench of the Family Court, then called the Domestic Relations Court.[citation needed] Her 10-year appointment was renewed by the city's mayors three times until she reached the mandatory retirement age of 70.[citation needed]

History

Part of a series on
New York State
Unified Court System

Specialized

The children's court part of the New York City court of special sessions was created in 1915, from a 1902 children's court division of the New York County court of general sessions.[7] Children's courts were authorized throughout the state by constitutional referendum in 1921 followed by statute in 1922.[8] The Children's Court of the City of New York was a state court that opened on September 15, 1924 and was consolidated into the Domestic Relations Court of the City of New York created on October 1, 1933.[9][10] In 1962 the Family Court replaced these courts after a 1961 constitutional amendment.[1]

Notes

  1. ^ a b "Family Court Act". Laws of New York. Vol. 185th sess.: III. 1962. pp. 3043–3132. hdl:2027/uc1.b4378119. ISSN 0892-287X. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) Chapter 686, enacted 24 April 1962, effective 1 September 1962.
  2. ^ a b Constitution of the State of New York Article VI, § 13
  3. ^ Family Court Act § 113
  4. ^ New York City Bar Association 2012, pp. 3–5.
  5. ^ New York City Bar Association 2012, p. 1.
  6. ^ Glaberson, William (March 28, 2012). "For Top Judge, Tough Lessons on Family Court Bench". The New York Times.
  7. ^ "An Act to amend the inferior criminal courts act of the city of New York, generally". Laws of New York. Vol. 138th sess.: II. 1915. pp. 1560–1589. hdl:2027/nyp.33433090742796. ISSN 0892-287X. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) Chapter 531, enacted 8 May 1915.
  8. ^ "Children's Court Act". Laws of New York. Vol. 145th sess. 1922. pp. 1259–1276. hdl:2027/nyp.33433090742804. ISSN 0892-287X. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) Chapter 547, enacted 10 April 1922, effective 1 May 1922.
  9. ^ "Children's Court Act of the City of New York". Laws of New York. Vol. 147th sess.: I–II. 1924. pp. 493–514. hdl:2027/nyp.33433108121108. ISSN 0892-287X. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) Chapter 254, enacted 23 April 1924, effective 15 September 1924.
  10. ^ "Domestic Relations Court Act of the City of New York". Laws of New York. Vol. 156th sess.: I–II. 1933. pp. 1038–1080. hdl:2027/umn.31951d022825520. ISSN 0892-287X. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help) Chapter 482, enacted 26 April 1933, effective 1 October 1933.

References

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