Nitromethane (data page)

This page provides supplementary chemical data on nitromethane.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI, and follow its directions. MSDS is available from Mallinckrodt Baker.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, n_D	1.3935 at 20°C
Abbe number	?
Dielectric constant, ε_r	35.87 ε₀ at 30 °C
Bond strength	?
Bond length	?
Bond angle	?
Magnetic susceptibility	?
Surface tension^[1]	39.8 dyn/cm at 0°C 36.8 dyn/cm at 20°C 26.1 dyn/cm at 100°C
Viscosity^[2]	0.853 mPa·s at 0°C 0.620 mPa·s at 25°C

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point	244.77 K (–23.38 °C), ? Pa
Critical point	588 K (315 °C), 5870 kPa
Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ_fusH^o	9.7 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of fusion, Δ_fusS^o	39.6 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ_vapH^o	38.3 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ_vapS^o	128.36 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_solid	? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_solid	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p	? J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid	–113 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_liquid	171.75 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, Δ_cH^o_liquid	–709 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, c_p	105.98 J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas	–81 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_gas	? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p^[3]	57.3 J/(mol K) at 25°C

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg		1	10	40	100	400	760
T in °C		–29.0	2.8	27.5	46.6	82.0	101.2

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

**log₁₀ of Nitromethane vapor pressure.** Uses formula: $\scriptstyle \log _{e}P_{mmHg}=$ $\scriptstyle \log _{e}({\frac {760}{101.325}})-10.20778\log _{e}(T+273.15)-{\frac {7217.173}{T+273.15}}+83.18124+8.369119\times 10^{-06}(T+273.15)^{2}$ obtained from CHERIC^[3]

Distillation data

BP Temp. °C	% by mole ethanol
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Nitromethane/Ethanol^[4] P = 730 mm Hg
BP Temp. °C	liquid	vapor
97.7	3.0	15.7
93.4	4.7	22.3
88.9	8.5	32.9
86.1	12.2	39.5
83.6	16.6	45.3
80.6	25.6	52.9
79.2	31.8	56.3
77.9	45.1	63.5
77.0	53.9	66.9
77.1	58.9	68.6
76.5	64.6	70.5
76.4	72.4	74.0
76.6	78.7	77.3
76.5	81.9	79.4
76.7	85.9	82.2
76.9	91.4	87.1
77.7	95.3	93.0
77.8	97.3	96.5

BP Temp. °C	% by mole methanol
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium for Nitromethane/Methanol^[4] P = 730 mm Hg
BP Temp. °C	liquid	vapor
96.9	1.5	13.3
93.1	2.6	22.8
89.1	4.8	33.4
84.8	7.5	42.9
82.1	9.6	48.4
77.9	15.2	57.0
72.9	25.4	67.3
71.1	31.4	70.4
68.2	42.6	74.7
67.3	49.3	76.1
65.6	67.8	81.8
65.1	74.7	83.8
65.0	81.3	86.4
64.6	88.6	90.1
64.5	91.4	92.1
64.4	96.0	95.6
64.5	99.4	99.3

Spectral data

UV-Vis
λ_max	? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε	?
IR
Major absorption bands	? cm⁻¹
NMR
Proton NMR
Carbon-13 NMR
Other NMR data
MS
Masses of main fragments

References

^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp 1661-1663
^ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th ed. pp 2258-2263
^ ^a ^b "Pure Component Properties". Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 20 May 2007.
^ ^a ^b "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 20 May 2007.

"NIST Standard Reference Database".

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to standard ambient temperature and pressure.

Disclaimer applies.

[lange1661-1] Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp 1661-1663

[crc2258-2] CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 44th ed. pp 2258-2263

[cheric_p-3] "Pure Component Properties". Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 20 May 2007.

[cheric_b-4] "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 20 May 2007.

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