Nitrospirota
| Nitrospirota | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Nitrospirota Garrity & Holt 2021[1] |
| Classes & Orders | |
| Synonyms | |
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Nitrospirota is a phylum of bacteria. It includes multiple genera, such as Nitrospira, the largest. The first member of this phylum, Nitrospira marina, was discovered in 1985.[2] The second member, Nitrospira moscoviensis, was discovered in 1995.[3][4]
Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB[5]) and commamox bacteria Nitrospira inopinata discovered in 2015[6][7] and cultivated in 2017.[8]
Phylogeny
| 16S rRNA based LTP_12_2021[9][10][11] | GTDB 07-RS207 by Genome Taxonomy Database[12][13][14] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Taxonomy
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN)[15] and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[4]
- Phylum "Nitrospirota" Garrity & Holt 2021
- Class "Leptospirillia"
- Order "Leptospirillales"
- Family "Leptospirillaceae" Cavalier-Smith 2020
- Genus Leptospirillum Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000
- Species "L. ferrodiazotrophum" Tyson et al. 2005
- Species L. ferriphilum Coram & Rawlings 2002
- Species L. ferrooxidans Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000
- Species "L. rubarum" Aliaga Goltsman et al. 2009
- Species L. thermoferrooxidans Hippe 2000
- Genus Leptospirillum Markosyan 1972 ex Hippe 2000
- Family "Leptospirillaceae" Cavalier-Smith 2020
- Order "Leptospirillales"
- Class Nitrospiria Oren et al. 2015
- Order "Troglogloeales" Yu et al. 2022
- Genus "Candidatus Troglogloea" corrig. Kostanjsek et al. 2013
- Species "Ca. T. absolonii" corrig. Kostanjsek et al. 2013
- Family "Manganitrophaceae" Yu et al. 2022
- Genus "Candidatus Manganitrophus" Yu & Leadbetter 2020
- Species "Ca. M. morganii" Yu et al. 2022
- Species "Ca. M. noduliformans" Yu & Leadbetter 2020
- Genus "Candidatus Manganitrophus" Yu & Leadbetter 2020
- Genus "Candidatus Troglogloea" corrig. Kostanjsek et al. 2013
- Order "Nitrospirales" Garrity & Holt 2001
- Family "Nitrospiraceae" Garrity & Holt 2001
- Genus "Ca. Magnetominusculus" Lin et al. 2017
- Species "Ca. M. xianensis" Lin et al. 2017
- Genus Nitrospira Watson et al. 1986
- Species "Ca. N. alkalitolerans" Daebeler et al. 2020
- Species "Ca. N. bockiana" Lebedeva et al. 2008
- Species N. calida Lebedeva et al. 2011
- Species N. defluvii Nowka et al. 2015
- Species "Ca. N. inopinata" Daims et al. 2015
- Species N. japonica Ushiki et al. 2013
- Species "Ca. N. kreftii" Sakoula et al. 2021
- Species N. lenta Nowka et al. 2015
- Species N. marina Watson et al. 1986 (type sp.)
- Species N. moscoviensis Ehrich et al. 1995
- Species "Ca. N. nitrificans" van Kessel et al. 2015
- Species "Ca. N. nitrosa" van Kessel et al. 2015
- Species "Ca. N. salsa" Haaijer et al. 2013
- Genus "Ca. Magnetominusculus" Lin et al. 2017
- Family "Nitrospiraceae" Garrity & Holt 2001
- Order "Troglogloeales" Yu et al. 2022
- Class Thermodesulfovibrionia Umezawa et al. 2021
- Order "Thermodesulfovibrionales" Umezawa et al. 2021
- Family Dissulfurispiraceae Umezawa et al. 2021
- Genus Dissulfurispira Umezawa et al. 2021
- Species D. thermophila Umezawa et al. 2021
- Genus Dissulfurispira Umezawa et al. 2021
- Family Thermodesulfovibrionaceae Umezawa et al. 2021
- Genus "Candidatus Magnetobacterium" Spring et al. 1993
- Species "Ca. M. bavaricum" Spring et al. 1993
- Species "Ca. M. casense" corrig. Lin et al. 2014
- Genus "Candidatus Magnetovum" corrig. Lefevre et al. 2011
- Species "Ca. M. chiemensis" Kolinko 2014
- Species "Ca. M. mohavensis" Lefevre et al. 2011
- Genus "Candidatus Sulfobium" Zecchin et al. 2018
- Species "Ca. S. mesophilum" Zecchin et al. 2018
- Genus Thermodesulfovibrio Henry et al. 1994 emend. Sekiguchi et al. 2008
- Species T. aggregans Sekiguchi et al. 2008
- Species T. hydrogeniphilus Haouari et al. 2009
- Species T. islandicus Sonne-Hansen and Ahring 2000
- Species T. thiophilus Sekiguchi et al. 2008
- Species T. yellowstonii Henry et al. 1994 (type sp.)
- Genus "Candidatus Magnetobacterium" Spring et al. 1993
- Family Dissulfurispiraceae Umezawa et al. 2021
- Order "Thermodesulfovibrionales" Umezawa et al. 2021
- Class "Leptospirillia"
See also
- Nitrospira
- Nitrosomonas
- Nitrobacteraceae
- Nitrobacter
- Nitrogen cycle
- Nitrite
- Nitrate
- List of bacterial orders
- Comammox
See also
References
- ^ Oren A, Garrity GM (2021). "Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 71 (10): 5056. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005056. PMID 34694987.
- ^ Watson SW, Bock E, Valois FW, Waterbury JB, Schlosser U (1986). "Nitrospira marina gen. nov. sp. nov.: a chemolithotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacterium". Arch Microbiol. 144 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1007/BF00454947. S2CID 29796511.
- ^ Ehrich S, Behrens D, Lebedeva E, Ludwig W, Bock E (July 1995). "A new obligately chemolithoautotrophic, nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, Nitrospira moscoviensis sp. nov. and its phylogenetic relationship". Archives of Microbiology. 164 (1): 16–23. doi:10.1007/BF02568729. PMID 7646315. S2CID 2702110.
- ^ a b Sayers. "Nitrospirae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2016-03-20.
- ^ Daims H, Nielsen JL, Nielsen PH, Schleifer KH, Wagner M (November 2001). "In situ characterization of Nitrospira-like nitrite-oxidizing bacteria active in wastewater treatment plants". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 67 (11): 5273–84. doi:10.1128/AEM.67.11.5273-5284.2001. PMC 93301. PMID 11679356.
- ^ Daims H, Lebedeva EV, Pjevac P, Han P, Herbold C, Albertsen M, et al. (December 2015). "Complete nitrification by Nitrospira bacteria". Nature. 528 (7583): 504–9. Bibcode:2015Natur.528..504D. doi:10.1038/nature16461. PMC 5152751. PMID 26610024.
- ^ van Kessel MA, Speth DR, Albertsen M, Nielsen PH, Op den Camp HJ, Kartal B, et al. (December 2015). "Complete nitrification by a single microorganism". Nature. 528 (7583): 555–9. Bibcode:2015Natur.528..555V. doi:10.1038/nature16459. PMC 4878690. PMID 26610025.
- ^ Kits KD, Sedlacek CJ, Lebedeva EV, Han P, Bulaev A, Pjevac P, et al. (September 2017). "Kinetic analysis of a complete nitrifier reveals an oligotrophic lifestyle". Nature. 549 (7671): 269–272. Bibcode:2017Natur.549..269K. doi:10.1038/nature23679. PMC 5600814. PMID 28847001.
- ^ "The LTP". Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- ^ "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- ^ "LTP_12_2021 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2021.
- ^ "GTDB release 07-RS207". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
- ^ "ar53_r207.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
- ^ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
- ^ Euzéby JP. ""Nitrospirae"". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2016-03-20.
Further reading
- Lefèvre CT, Frankel RB, Abreu F, Lins U, Bazylinski DA (February 2011). "Culture-independent characterization of a novel, uncultivated magnetotactic member of the Nitrospirae phylum". Environmental Microbiology. 13 (2): 538–49. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02361.x. PMID 20977572.
External links
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