Northern transitional alpine forests

Northern transitional alpine forests
Transitional alpine forest just south of Witset
Ecology
Realm	Nearctic
Biome	temperate coniferous forests
Borders	List British Columbia mainland coastal forests Central British Columbia Mountain forests Fraser Plateau and Basin complex Northern Cordillera forests Pacific Coastal Mountain icefields and tundra
Bird species	144
Mammal species	51
Geography
Area	25,641 km2 (9,900 sq mi)
Country	Canada
Provinces	British Columbia
Conservation
Conservation status	Vulnerable
Habitat loss	0%
Protected	1.57%

Northern transitional alpine forests is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion in the northwestern interior of British Columbia, as defined by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) categorization system.

Setting

This ecoregion occupies a transitional region of mountains and valleys between the Coast Ranges to the west and the Omineca Mountains to the east. It varies greatly in elevation from the heavily glacierized areas of the Hazelton and Skeena mountains between 2,500–2,800 m (8,200–9,200 ft), to the Nass and Skeena river valleys below 750 m (2,460 ft).

Climate

This ecoregion varies greatly depending on its proximity to the Pacific coast. In the west it has a warm humid continental climate (Köppen Dsb ) with warm summers and cold winters. In the east it has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc ) with cool summers and cold winters. Precipitation ranges from 2500mm (98.4 in) in the western coastal areas of the Nass River valley, to 600mm (23.6 in) in the lower elevations of the interior Bulkley Ranges. Temperature varies greatly with elevation, but averages around 13°C (55.4°F) in the summer and -9.5°C (14.9°F) in the winter.

Ecology

Flora

The lower mountains and valleys are dominated by western red cedar, western hemlock, and mountain hemlock. Higher elevations are dominated by lodgepole pine, engelmann spruce, and alpine fir, though to a lesser extent in the west of the ecoregion. Vegetation in the alpine tundra includes discontinuous patches of low-growing heather, sedge, and mountain avens.

Fauna

Fauna found throughout this ecoregion include grizzly bear, American black bear, moose, mountain goat, red fox, and wolves. Parts are also populated by woodland caribou, black-tailed deer, beaver, wolverine, marten, snowshoe hare, ptarmigan, and grouse.

See also

• List of ecoregions in Canada (WWF)
• Babine Mountains Provincial Park

External links

• "Northern transitional alpine forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.

Nearctic temperate coniferous forests ecoregions
Alberta Mountain forests	Canada
Alberta-British Columbia foothills forests	Canada
Arizona Mountains forests	United States
Atlantic coastal pine barrens	United States
Blue Mountains forests	United States
British Columbia mainland coastal forests	Canada, United States
Cascade Mountains leeward forests	Canada, United States
Central and Southern Cascades forests	United States
Central British Columbia Mountain forests	Canada
Central Pacific coastal forests	Canada, United States
Colorado Rockies forests	United States
Eastern Cascades forests	Canada, United States
Fraser Plateau and Basin complex	Canada
Florida scrub	United States
Great Basin montane forests	United States
Haida Gwaii	Canada
Klamath-Siskiyou forests	United States
Middle Atlantic coastal forests	United States
North Central Rockies forests	Canada, United States
Northern California coastal forests	United States
Northern Pacific coastal forests	Canada, United States
Northern transitional alpine forests	Canada
Okanagan dry forests	Canada, United States
Piney Woods forests	United States
Puget lowland forests	Canada, United States
Sierra Juárez and San Pedro Mártir pine–oak forests	Mexico
Sierra Nevada forests	United States
South Central Rockies forests	United States
Southeastern conifer forests	United States
Wasatch and Uinta montane forests	United States