London Paddington station

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Paddington London Underground National Rail
London Paddington
Paddington station 00216.JPG
Main train shed
Paddington is located in Central London
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Paddington

Location of Paddington in Central London
Location Paddington
Local authority City of Westminster
Managed by Network Rail
Station code PAD
Number of platforms 14
Accessible Handicapped/disabled access [1]
Fare zone 1
Interchange Marylebone NR [2]
Lancaster Gate
National Rail annual entry and exit
2007–08 decrease 26.521 million[3]
2008–09 increase 32.697 million[3]
2009–10 decrease 29.104 million[3]
4 June 1838 Temporary station opened
29 May 1854 Permanent station opened
Lists of stations DLR · Underground · National Rail · Tramlink
External links Departures • Layout
  Facilities • Buses
Portal icon London Transport portal
Portal icon UK Railways portal
Coordinates: 51°31′02″N 0°10′39″W / 51.5173°N 0.1774°W / 51.5173; -0.1774

Paddington railway station,[4] also known as London Paddington,[5] is a central London railway terminus and London Underground complex.

The site is a historic one, having served as the London terminus of the Great Western Railway and its successors since 1838. Much of the current mainline station dates from 1854, and was designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel. The site was first served by Underground trains in 1863, and was the original western terminus of the Metropolitan Railway, the world's first underground railway.

The complex has recently been modernised, and now has an additional role as the London terminal for the dedicated Heathrow Express airport service. Paddington is in Travelcard Zone 1.

The station is the terminus for services from Bristol, Cheltenham Spa, Cardiff, Exeter via Reading, Penzance, Plymouth and Swansea.

Contents

[edit] Location

Station location map

The station complex is bounded at the front by Praed Street and at the rear by Bishop's Bridge Road, which crosses the throat of the mainline station on the recently replaced Bishop's Bridge. On the west side of the station is Eastbourne Terrace, while the east side is bounded by the Paddington arm of the Grand Union Canal. The mainline station stands in a shallow cutting, a fact obscured at the front by an hotel building, but which can be clearly seen from the other three sides.[6]

The surrounding area is partly residential, and also includes the major St Mary's Hospital, as well as restaurants and hotels.[6][7]

Until recently there was little office accommodation in the area, and most commuters interchanged between National Rail and the London Underground to reach workplaces in the West End or the City. However, recent redevelopment of derelict railway and canal land, marketed as Paddington Waterside, has resulted in a number of new office complexes nearby.[6][7]

[edit] National Rail station

The National Rail station is officially named London Paddington, a name commonly used outside London, but rarely by Londoners, who call it just Paddington, as on the London Underground map. Parts of the station, including the main train shed, date from 1854, when it was built by Isambard Kingdom Brunel as the London terminus for the Great Western Railway (GWR). Today, it is one of 18 UK railway stations managed by Network Rail.[7][8]

[edit] History

Paddington Station in Victorian Times
Holiday crowds in 1953

The first station to open in the Paddington area was a temporary terminus for the GWR on the west side of Bishop's Bridge Road; it opened on 4 June 1838,[9] The first GWR service from London to Taplow, near Maidenhead, began at Paddington in 1838. After the opening of the main station in 1854, this became the site of the goods depot.

The main Paddington station between Bishops Bridge Road and Praed Street was designed by Brunel, who was later commemorated by a statue on the station concourse (it has since been moved to Platform 1, by the exit to the former taxi rank), although much of the architectural detailing was by his associate Matthew Digby Wyatt. The station opened on 29 May 1854.[9] The glazed roof is supported by wrought iron arches in three spans, respectively spanning 68 feet (21 m), 102 feet (31 m) and 70 feet (21 m). The roof is 699 feet (210 m) long, and the original roof spans had two transepts connecting the three spans. It is commonly believed that these were provided by Brunel to accommodate traversers to carry coaches between the tracks within the station. However recent research, using early documents and photographs, does not seem to support this belief, and their actual purpose is unknown.[7]

The Great Western Hotel was built on Praed Street in front of the station in 1851-1854 by architect Philip Charles Hardwick, son of Philip Hardwick (designer of the Euston Arch). The station was substantially enlarged in 1906-1915 and a fourth span of 109 feet (33 m) was added on the north side, parallel to the others. The new span was built in a similar style to the original three spans, but the detailing is different and it does not possess the transepts of the earlier spans.[7][10]

On Armistice Day 1922, a memorial to the employees of the GWR who died during the First World War was unveiled by Viscount Churchill. The bronze memorial, depicting a soldier reading a letter, was sculpted by Charles Sargeant Jagger and stands on platform 1.[10][11]

In 1961, the decomposing body of a male child was found in a case at the station. Paper stuffed into his mouth was the cause of death. His identity has never been discovered.[12]

A very early construction by Brunel was recently discovered immediately to the north of the station. A cast iron bridge carrying the Bishop's Bridge Road over the Paddington Arm of the Grand Union Canal was uncovered after removal of more recent brick cladding during the complete replacement of the adjacent bridge over the railway lines at the mouth of the station.[7]

[edit] Today

Today, Paddington has 14 terminal platforms, numbered 1 to 14 from south-west to north-east (left to right as seen from the main concourse). Platforms 1 to 8 are below the original three spans of Brunel's 1854 train shed, and platforms 9 to 12 are beneath the later fourth span. Platforms 13 and 14 are within the Metropolitan Railway's old Bishop's Road (Suburban) station to the north-west. Immediately alongside are two through platforms, numbered 15 and 16, used by the London Underground's Hammersmith & City and Circle lines (see below).[13]

Platforms 6 and 7 are dedicated to the Heathrow Express, and platforms 13 and 14 can be used only by the 2- and 3-car Turbo trains used on local services. Platforms 1 to 5 and 8 to 12 can be used by any of the station's train services; however, long-distance trains generally use the south-western platforms, and local trains (including Heathrow Connect) the north-eastern ones.

The station concourse stretches across the head of platforms 1 to 12, underneath the London end of the four main train sheds. Platforms 13 and 14 can be reached directly from the northern-western end of platform 12, or from the footbridge which crosses the north-western end of the station and gives access to all platforms.[13]

An LMS Pacific in the 1948 Exchange Trials

The area between the rear of the Great Western Hotel and the station concourse is traditionally called The Lawn. It was originally unroofed and occupied by sidings, but was later built up to form part of the station's first pedestrian concourse. The Lawn has recently been re-roofed and separated from the concourse by a glass screen wall. It is now surrounded by shops and cafés on several levels.[7][10]

There are ticket barriers to platforms 2-5 and 10-16.[14]

The fourth span has been renovated, involving repair and restoration of the original Edwardian glazed roof, so that platforms 9 to 12 inclusive can once more enjoy daylight[15] . A false ceiling or crash deck had been place since 1996. Work was finally completed and the restored roof unveiled in July 2011. Network Rail originally planned to demolish Span 4 and build an office block over that part of the station; Save Britain's Heritage successfully campaigned against this.[16]

A first class lounge is situated on Platform 1, it is open Monday to Friday 05:30 to 00:00 and Sunday 16:00 to 00:00. The lounge includes complimentary refreshments and Wi-Fi internet access. Screens show television news and a departure board.[17]

Heathrow Express has provided flight information display screens and self check-in facilities for airline passengers. These are situated at the Heathrow Express ticket office near the dedicated Heathrow Express platforms 6 and 7.[18] (Baggage check-in facilities for airline passengers were provided in 1999 in the Lawn but progressively closed. They have been replaced by retail units.[19][20])

[edit] Services

Paddington is the London terminus for frequent long-distance high-speed trains operated by First Great Western. The most important destinations for such trains are shown in the table:[21]

Flows on long-distance high-speed trains to or from Paddington
Journeys in 2007/08 (million)
Reading 4.0
Didcot Parkway 1.1
Swindon 1.0
Bristol Temple Meads 0.9
Bath Spa 0.8
Cardiff Central 0.7
Bristol Parkway 0.6
Newbury 0.6
Exeter St Davids 0.4
Chippenham 0.4

Other important long-distance destinations from Paddington are Taunton, Plymouth and Penzance in the West Country; Hereford and Worcester in the West Midlands; and Newport and Swansea in South Wales with connections to/from Fishguard Harbour railway station for the Stena Line ferry to Rosslare Europort in Ireland. An integrated timetable and through ticketing is offered on this international rail-sea route[22] with a daily morning and evening service in both directions.

Paddington is also the terminus for suburban trains to West London and the Thames Valley, also operated by First Great Western. The most important destinations for local trains are as shown in the table:[23]

Suburban flows to or from Paddington
Journeys in 2007/08 (million)
Slough 2.0
Maidenhead 1.6
Oxford 1.5
Ealing Broadway 1.0
Hayes and Harlington 1.0
Newbury 0.6
West Drayton 0.6
West Ealing 0.6
Twyford 0.5
Windsor & Eton 0.4

Note: These figures exclude Heathrow Express and some TfL Travelcard data


Two services from Paddington serve Heathrow Airport: the Heathrow Express travels non-stop at a premium fare, while Heathrow Connect takes the same route but calls at most intermediate stations.[24][25]

Paddington is also an alternative London terminal for Chiltern Railways' service to Birmingham, used when London Marylebone is inaccessible for engineering or other reasons, and for one daily service, High Wycombe-bound only.[26][27]


Preceding station National Rail National Rail Following station
Terminus   First Great Western
Greenford Branch Line
Monday-Saturday Only		   Acton Main Line
Terminus   First Great Western
Great Western Main Line		   Slough
or
Reading
Terminus   First Great Western
Night Riviera		   Reading
Terminus   First Great Western
Commuter services
Great Western Main Line		   Acton Main Line
Ealing Broadway
on Sundays
Terminus   Heathrow Express
Paddington - Heathrow		   Heathrow Central
Terminus   Heathrow Connect
Paddington - Heathrow		   Ealing Broadway
Terminus   Chiltern Railways
London Paddington - High Wycombe
Monday-Friday Only		   Gerrards Cross

[edit] London Underground stations

Paddington
Paddington subsurface station building.jpg
Entrance on Praed Street
Location Paddington
Local authority City of Westminster
Managed by London Underground
Number of platforms 6
Fare zone 1
Interchange Marylebone NR [2]
Lancaster Gate
London Underground annual entry and exit
2008 increase 40.700 million[28]
2009 increase 42.025 million[28]
2010 increase 44.000 million[28]
1863 Opened (MR, as terminus)
1864 Extension (MR, to Hammersmith)
1868 Opened (MR, to Gloucester Rd)
1913 Opened (Bakerloo, as terminus)
1915 Extension (Bakerloo line)
1926 Started (District line)
1949 Started (Circle line)
1990 Started (Hammersmith & City)
2009 Extension (Circle line to Hammersmith)
Lists of stations DLR · Underground · National Rail · Tramlink
Portal icon London Transport portal

Paddington station is served by four London Underground lines through two separate stations: the Bakerloo, Circle and District lines serve a combined sub-surface and deep-level station to the south of the main line station, and the Hammersmith & City and Circle lines serve a sub-surface station to the north. Circle line services are routed through each of the sub-surface stations as part of a spiral route. Although shown on the London Underground map as a single station,[29] the two sub-surface parts are not directly linked.

[edit] History

Circle and District line platforms

The first underground railway station at Paddington was opened as Paddington (Bishop's Road) by the Metropolitan Railway (MR) on 10 January 1863 as the terminus of the company's route from Farringdon. The station was to the north of the main line station and, from 13 June 1864, MR services were extended westward via a connection to the GWR's Hammersmith branch, now the Hammersmith & City line.[30]

On 1 October 1868, the MR opened a branch to Gloucester Road, with a station called Paddington (Praed Street) in a cut-and-cover tunnel parallel to that street south of the mainline station. The deep-level Baker Street and Waterloo Railway (now the Bakerloo line) station opened on 1 December 1913 as a temporary terminus of an extension from Edgware Road to Queen's Park.[30]

Services around the circuit of the Circle line were originally shared by the MR and the Metropolitan District Railway and were separately identified specifically as the Circle line in 1949. Hammersmith & City line services were originally operated as part of the MR (later the Metropolitan line) and were separately identified as the Hammersmith & City line in 1990.[30]

The platforms of the Suburban (Bishop's Road) station are still quite separate from the other Underground platforms; they are numbered (15 and 16) in the same sequence as the mainline platforms. Recent versions of the Underground map have shown the three pairs of platforms served by underground trains at Paddington as separate stations, with the Suburban station (Hammersmith & City and now also Circle lines) linked graphically with the Bakerloo line, in turn linked graphically to the District and Circle lines (to indicate that there is no direct interchange between the Suburban platforms and the District and Circle line platforms at Praed Street). Indeed, interchange between either the Praed Street or the Bakerloo Line platforms and the Suburban platforms involves walking the length of the mainline station outside the London Underground barrier lines, although the ticket barriers are programmed to permit changing between the two stations as part of a single journey.

[edit] Services

Hammersmith & City line trains run between Hammersmith and Barking stations via Paddington (Suburban), i.e. platforms 15 and 16 of the main station. Circle line trains share tracks with the Hammersmith & City Line from Hammersmith to Liverpool Street, then around a clockwise loop via Aldgate and Victoria, arriving back at Paddington (Praed Street), before terminating at Edgware Road. District Line services run between Wimbledon and Edgware Road, and Bakerloo Line trains run between Elephant & Castle and Harrow & Wealdstone stations.[29]

    Paddington (Praed Street)    
Preceding station   Underground no-text.svg London Underground   Following station
Bakerloo line
towards Hammersmith (via Tower Hill)
 Circle line
Subsurface station
Terminus
towards Wimbledon
 District line
    Paddington (Suburban)    
Preceding station   Underground no-text.svg London Underground   Following station
towards Hammersmith
 Circle line
towards Edgware Road (via Aldgate)
Hammersmith & City line
towards Barking

[edit] Crossrail station

A new Crossrail station is being built under Eastbourne Terrace, the road running alongside the south-west side of the mainline station, and also under the adjacent taxi rank in the Departures Road (so called because it served what was originally the departures side of the station). Eastbourne Terrace was closed for this purpose for about 2 years from 12 February 2012. A new permanent taxi rank has been provided on the other side of the station, above Platform 12. Crossrail services are due to start in 2018.[31]

Future Development
Preceding station   Crossrail   Following station
Crossrail
Line 1
towards Abbey Wood or Shenfield

[edit] Paddington station in fiction

Statue of Paddington Bear

The children's book character Paddington Bear was named after the station. In the books, by Michael Bond, he is found at the station, having come from "deepest, darkest Peru" and with a note attached to his coat reading "please look after this bear, thank you". A statue of Paddington Bear by Marcus Cornish, based on the original drawings by Peggy Fortnum, is located on the station concourse, and a small shop stocks Paddington Bear paraphernalia in the main station area.[10][32]

The mystery novel 4.50 From Paddington (1952) by Agatha Christie begins with a murder witnessed by a passenger on a train from Paddington station.[33]

One of The Railway Series books (The Eight Famous Engines) contains a story about Gordon, Duck and a foreign engine debating which station London is. Duck says that he used to work at London Paddington as a station pilot so he thinks Paddington is most important. However, Gordon later finds out that the station in London is St. Pancras.

There is an underground Paddington Station, separate from the real one, on the North London System in the novel The Horn of Mortal Danger (1980).[34]

[edit] Transport links

London bus routes 7, 23, 27, 36, 46, 159, 205, 332, 436 and Night route N7.

[edit] Gallery

  • Paddington Station Clock

  • Platforms 1, 2 and 3 with First Great Western trains for the West of England and Wales.

  • First Great Western (Local) and Heathrow Connect pass on the approach of Paddington.

  • Paddington Station terminal entrance, adjacent London Street.

  • Hilton London Paddington.

  • The concourse at Paddington is traditionally known as the Lawn.

  • Complementary refreshments in the first class lounge.

  • Pannier Tank on empty stock work in 1962

  • Empty stock arriving in 1962

[edit] References

  1. ^ "London and South East". Rail Map for People with Reduced Mobility. National Rail. September 2006. http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/system/galleries/download/mobility_maps/LondonSouthEast.pdf. Retrieved 1 January 2010. 
  2. ^ a b "Out of Station Interchanges" (Microsoft Excel). Transport for London. May 2011. http://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/67647/response/172834/attach/3/OSI%20Report%20May2011FR%20V2%2017012011.xls. Retrieved 7 August 2011. 
  3. ^ a b c "Station usage". Rail statistics. Office of Rail Regulation. 30 April 2010. http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/server/show/nav.1529. Retrieved 17 January 2011.  Please note: Some methodology may vary year on year.
  4. ^ "Stations Run by Network Rail". Network Rail. http://www.networkrail.co.uk/aspx/765.aspx. Retrieved 23 August 2009. 
  5. ^ "Station Codes". National Rail. http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/codes/. Retrieved 23 August 2009. 
  6. ^ a b c "Paddington Station Planning Brief" (PDF). Westminster City Council. April 2009. http://www3.westminster.gov.uk/docstores/publications_store/BriefMar08redraft2.pdf. Retrieved 28 July 2008. 
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Brindle, Steven (2004). Paddington Station: Its history and architecture. English Heritage. ISBN 1-873592-70-1. 
  8. ^ "Commercial information". Complete National Rail Timetable. London: Network Rail. December 2011. p. 41. http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/eNRT/Dec11/Commercial_Information.pdf. Retrieved 9 January 2012. 
  9. ^ a b Butt, R.V.J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations. Yeovil: Patrick Stephens. p. 180. ISBN 1 85260 508 1. R508. 
  10. ^ a b c d "Architectural mini guide - Paddington" (PDF). Network Rail. http://www.networkrail.co.uk/documents/3053_PaddingtonArchitecturalMiniGuide.pdf. Retrieved 28 July 2008. 
  11. ^ "'Great Western Railway War Memorial'". from The Great Western Railway Magazine, December 1922, pp. 537-40. 1922, reproduced November 2001. http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/irs/irshome/features/readings/archive/remembrance.htm#EX04. Retrieved 9 July 2007. 
  12. ^ "A Time Line for Policing the Railways". British Transport Police. Archived from the original on 7 September 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060907023324/http://www.btp.police.uk/History+Society/Publications/History+Society/The+history/A+Time+Line+for+Policing+the+Railways+1950+-+1979.htm. Retrieved 20 September 2006. 
  13. ^ a b "Paddington - Station Guide" (PDF). Network Rail. http://www.networkrail.co.uk/documents/For%20Passengers/Station%20Maps/4509_Paddington%20Station%20Map.pdf. Retrieved 30 July 2008. 
  14. ^ "Paddington getting ticket gates". London Connections blog. 7 April 2008. http://londonconnections.blogspot.com/2008/04/paddington-getting-ticket-gates.html. 
  15. ^ "Let there be light". RailNews.com. http://rail-news.com/2010/02/24/2527/?ReleaseID=4679&NewsAreaID=2&SearchCategoryID=8. Retrieved 16 August 2011. 
  16. ^ "Newsletter - Victory at Paddington". Save Britain's Heritage. 16 November 2006. http://www.savebritainsheritage.org/docs/articles/News%202%2006.pdf. Retrieved 14 February 2012. 
  17. ^ "First Great Western - First Class". http://www.firstgreatwestern.co.uk/Your-journey/On-board/First-class. Retrieved 2011-12-25. 
  18. ^ "Heathrow Express brings back Check-in to reduce passenger stress". AirRailNews. 1 December 2009. http://www.airrailnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=395:heathrow-express-brings-back-check-in-to-reduce-passenger-stress&catid=907:archive&Itemid=30. Retrieved 15 February 2012. 
  19. ^ Andrew W Sharp MSc MCIT (5 November 2004). "Processing of airline passengers and their baggage at off-airport bus, water and rail terminals – successful intermodal terminals". International Air Rail Organisation. http://www.trbav050.com/Documents/690-2-05-2801.pdf. Retrieved 15 February 2012. 
  20. ^ "Paddington Check-in Closed". 9 January 2005. http://www.airliners.net/aviation-forums/general_aviation/read.main/1896781/. Retrieved 15 February 2012. 
  21. ^ "Great Western Route Utilisation Study". Figure 3.10. Network Rail. March 2010. http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/great%20western/great%20western%20rus.pdf. Retrieved 14 February 2012. 
  22. ^ http://www.stenaline.ie/ferry/rail-and-sail/fishguard/
  23. ^ "Great Western Route Utilisation Study". Figure 3.12. Network Rail. March 2010. http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/great%20western/great%20western%20rus.pdf. Retrieved 14 February 2012. 
  24. ^ "Our Company". Heathrow Express. https://www.heathrowexpress.com/content.asp?SID={F7A5215E-07AE-4BCD-A09B-9FC1EE00CD75}&pageid=27. Retrieved 2 August 2008. 
  25. ^ "Welcome". Heathrow Connect. http://www.heathrowconnect.com/. Retrieved 2 August 2008. 
  26. ^ "Train Times this summer and autumn 23 May to 11 December 2010". Chiltern Railways. May 2010. p. 30. http://www.chilternrailways.co.uk/sites/default/files/May_2010_timetable_0.pdf. Retrieved 19 September 2010. "Mondays to Fridays London Paddington 1136 Gerrards Cross 1203 ... High Wycombe 1219" 
  27. ^ "Table 115 Mondays to Fridays London → High Wycombe, Aylesbury, Banbury, Stratford-upon-Avon, Birmingham Snow Hill and Kidderminster". Current Timetables Electronic National Rail Timetable (eNRT). Network Rail. December 2009. p. 1375. http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/eNRT/Dec09/timetables/Table115.pdf. Retrieved 28 March 2010. 
  28. ^ a b c "Customer metrics: entries and exits". London Underground performance update. Transport for London. 2003-2010. http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tfl/corporate/modesoftransport/tube/performance/default.asp?onload=entryexit. Retrieved 8 May 2011. 
  29. ^ a b "Standard Tube Map". Transport for London. December 2009. http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/standard-tube-map.pdf. Retrieved 23 December 2009. 
  30. ^ a b c Rose, Douglas (1999) [1980]. The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History. Douglas Rose/Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-219-4. 
  31. ^ "Changes to travel around Paddington Station due to Crossrail works". 10 February2012. http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/media/newscentre/22854.aspx. Retrieved 14 February 2012. 
  32. ^ "How It All Started". paddingtonbear.co.uk. http://www.paddingtonbear.co.uk/en/1/fachismbohow.mxs. Retrieved 28 July 2008. 
  33. ^ Christie, Agatha (1957). 4.50 From Paddington. Harper Collins. ISBN 9780007208548. 
  34. ^ Leonard, Lawrence (1980). The Horn of Mortal Danger. Cox and Wyman. ISBN 0-7445-0847-9. 

[edit] External links

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