Picolous
In Greek mythology, Picolous (Ancient Greek: Πικόλοος, Pikóloos) is the name of one of the Gigantes, the offspring of the earth goddess Gaia and the sky god Uranus. Picolous fought against the Olympian gods during the Gigantomachy. He fled the battle, only to be slain shortly thereafter by Helios when the giant attacked his daughter Circe.[1][2]
Mythology
Picoloos, one of the Giants, by fleeing from the war led against Zeus, reached Circe’s island and tried to chase her away. Her father Helios killed him, protecting his daughter with his shield; from the blood which flowed on the earth a plant was born, and it was called μῶλυ because of the μῶλος or the battle in which the Giant aforementioned was killed.
— Eustathius, Ad Odysseam 10.305[3]
Patriarch Photius, who attributes the tale to Ptolemy Chennus, writes of an unnamed giant that attacked Circe and was killed by her father Helios, who was protecting his daughter; from his blood sprang a white herb, named moly after the hard battle (=malos in Ancient Greek) between the giant and the god.[4]
In greater detail, the homeric scholiast Eustathius of Thessalonica, quoting Alexander of Paphos, writes that Picolous fought alongside the other Giants against Zeus, but fled the battle; he went to Aeaea, the home island of the sorceress goddess Circe and attempted to chase her away, but then her father Helios slew him. From the blood of the giant that seeped on the ground a herb, moly, was sprang that had a black root for the black blood of Picolous, and a white flower for the white Sun that killed him, or for that fact that Circe grew white out of terror.[5][6][7][8]
The plant that sprang from Picolous' death, moly, has been identified with the Prometheion, the special plant Medea used for her potion, which has a similar origin story as both were said to have grown from blood, that of Picolous and Prometheus respectively, as well as the Κιρκαῖον, "Circe's plant", another magical herb connected to Circe.[2]
See also
Notes
- ^ Chrystal, p. 101
- ^ a b Knight, p. 180
- ^ Translation by Zucker and Le Feuvre, p. 324
- ^ Ptolemy Hephaestion, New History Book 4, as epitomized by Patriarch Photius in Myriobiblon 190.32
- ^ Eustathius, Ad Odysseam 10.305
- ^ Rahner, p. 204
- ^ The Argonautica of Apollonius Rhodius: Book III, p. 89
- ^ Le Comte, p. 75
References
- Apollonius Rhodius, The Argonautica of Apollonius Rhodius: Book III, edited with introduction and commentary by Marshall M. Gillies, Cambridge University Press, 1928.
- Chrystal, Paul, War in Greek Mythology, 2020, Pen & Sword Military, ISBN 978-1-52676-616-8.
- Knight, Virginia, The Renewal of Epic: Responses to Homer in the Argonautica of Apollonius, Brill Publishers, 1995, ISBN 90-04-10386-4.
- Le Comte, Edward, Poets' Riddles: Essays in Seventeenth-century Explication, Port Washington, N.Y. : Kennikat Press, 1975.
- Rahner, Hugo, Greek Myths and Christian Mystery, New York Biblo & Tannen Publishers, 1971.
- Zucker, Arnaud; Le Feuvre, Claire, Ancient and Medieval Greek Etymology: Theory and Practice I, De Gruyter, ISBN 978-3-11-071487-6.