Romans 4
| Romans 4 | |
|---|---|
 Fragment c to h containing parts of the Epistle to the Romans in Papyrus 40, written about AD 250. | |
| Book | Epistle to the Romans |
| Category | Pauline epistles |
| Christian Bible part | New Testament |
| Order in the Christian part | 6 |
Romans 4 is the fourth chapter of the Epistle to the Romans in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul of Tarsus, but written by an amanuensis, Tertius, while Paul was in Corinth, in winter of AD 57-58.[1] Paul wrote to the Roman Christians in order to give them a substantial resume of his theology.[2]
Text
- The original text is written in Koine Greek.
- Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter are:
- Papyrus 40 (ca. AD 250; extant: 1-8)
- Codex Vaticanus (AD 325-350)
- Codex Sinaiticus (AD 330-360)
- Codex Alexandrinus (ca. AD 400-440)
- Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (ca. AD 450; complete)
- This chapter is divided into 25 verses.
Structure
This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible):
- Romans 4:1–4 = Abraham Justified by Faith
- Romans 4:5–8 = David Celebrates the Same Truth
- Romans 4:9–12 = Abraham Justified Before Circumcision
- Romans 4:13–25 = The Promise Granted Through Faith
Cross references
- Romans 4:3 = Genesis 15:6
- Romans 4:8 = Psalm 32:1–2
- Romans 4:17 = Genesis 17:5
- Romans 4:18 = Genesis 15:5
- Romans 4:22 = Genesis 15:6
Verse 3
- For what does the Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness.”[3]
Cited from Genesis 15:6
Cross reference: Galatians 3:6
See also
- Abraham
- David
- Other related Bible parts: Genesis 12, Genesis 15, Genesis 17, Genesis 22, Psalm 32, Isaiah 53, Galatians 3, Hebrews 11
References
- ^ Halley, Henry H. Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary. 23rd edition. Zondervan Publishing House. 1962.
- ^ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
- ^ Romans 4:3