Section 123 Agreement

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Section 123 of the United States Atomic Energy Act of 1954, titled "Cooperation With Other Nations", establishes an agreement for cooperation as a prerequisite for nuclear deals between the US and any other nation.[1] Such an agreement is called a 123 Agreement.[citation needed] To date, the U.S. has entered into roughly twenty-five 123 Agreements with various countries.[2] Countries with which the U.S. has or had or working towards having a 123 Agreement:

  • Morocco[3]
  • Ukraine[4]
  • Romania[5]
  • Japan (with automatic re-processing rights)[6]
  • Euratom (with automatic re-processing rights)[6]
  • China (with re-processing rights, requiring approval per each request)[6]
  • Switzerland
  • India (With advance consent to reprocessing) [7]
  • Russia (On September 8, 2008 President Bush notified the United States Congress that there was no basis for further consideration of a 123 agreement with Russia.)[8]
  • (other countries - to do)


[edit] References

  1. ^ "NUREG0980 Vol.1,No.6 - Nuclear Regulatory Legislation". Retrieved on 2002-06.
  2. ^ National Nuclear Security Administration - 123 Agreements for Peaceful Cooperation
  3. ^ "NRC: SECY-01-0033 - Proposed Renewal of the Section 123 Agreement for Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation with Morocco". Retrieved on 2001-03-02.
  4. ^ "NRC: SECY-98-62 - Proposed Section 123 Agreement for Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation with Ukraine". Retrieved on 1998-04-01.
  5. ^ "NRC: SECY-98-006 - Proposed Agreement for Cooperation Between the U.S. and Romania". Retrieved on 1998-01-12.
  6. ^ a b c "Long haul ahead". Retrieved on 2007-06-29.
  7. ^ http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20080066944
  8. ^ "Statement on U.S.-Russia 123 Agreement". Retrieved on 2008-09-09.

[edit] External Links

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