User:Dylan Moore741/sandbox

Article Evaluation

The Luddite article is focused on the luddite movement in the 18th century where groups of individuals would attack or prevent machine production in order to maintain their own position in the work force with competitive wages. The article is broken down into the sections Etymology, Historical Precedents, Birth of the Movement, Government Response, Legacy, and Modern Usage.

The content in the article has a heavy focus on the historical background in the movement, and provides a small section about modern day neo-Luddism. They are still updating the article however, and the talk section mentions plans to further the information on Modern Perspective.

The article is a mostly neutral tone, but the view point is mostly examining the luddites and their movement more then the background and reason for the technology in the workplace. However the article doesn't necessarily favor the luddites as it doesn't represent all of their actions in a positive manner. It does however talk about the purpose of the luddite's actions.

The sources seem to mostly be from books on the subject of the luddites, but there are a couple of sources that are articles on a website. The links for the sources do seem to be working.

All of the information in the article is well organized, and broken up into a few small sections that are formatted to build upon each other. There are no grammatical or spelling errors that stand out. The only thing I did notice was a missing coma when writing out the date of one event.

The article has a lack of images and media. There are only two images, and although both images are clear only one is captioned in a way to provide extra information to the article.

The talk section is well organized into small sections to separate ideas that people have and want to add. The talk section mostly consists of drafts that are being planned on being added as well as sources to be read in order to find more information worth putting on the article.

As a whole the article is well organized and does a good job at providing some insight on what the luddite movement looked like in the 18th century. The purpose of the article was to add some context as part of multiple larger WikiProjects.

Article Summary

The Information Ethics article is about the ethics of the use of other peoples information. The article gives a background about the study of information ethics, and then goes into depth about the issues that correlate with information ethics with a brief piece of real world examples. The purpose of the article seems to be to inform the reader solely on the ideas, laws, and ethical questions for the subjects given (Censorship, Ethics of Downloading, and Security and Privacy) rather than to inform the reader about the issues and how they take place in their own lives. The editors want the article to be used for a more in-depth understanding of a specific branch for ethics as a whole.

Notes

Source : Global Online Piracy Study

• This study is from the University of Amsterdam
• Gives data and statistics on piracy and illegal downloading
• Broken up into 5 sections
  • Introduction
  • A brief history on online piracy research
  • Country statistics and sales developments
  • Survey sample descriptive, weighting and data cleaning
  • Use of legal and illegal content acquisition channels
  • the effect of online piracy on legal consumption

Source: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-export-import-banks-annual-conference

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Assignment 6

1. Information Ethics
2. The key ideas of the Information Ethics article are the history behind the study of information ethics, the ethics behind how we use and digitalize intelectual property and information.
3. The main problems addressed in the article are the ethics of censorship, illegal downloading, and online privacy (including digital storage of our records and surveillance of our online activity).
4. I chose this article not only since it pertains to this class but since its also relevant to most people's lives including my own. This topic has also had a lot of news related to it in recent years.
5. The article doesn't give a stance about the technology itself, but rather what's being done with it.
6. The article is gives multiple viewpoints on its stances of the ethics behind each problem. For censorship it talks about how it can unethicality silence information or viewpoints, but it can also protect viewers from offensive material. For illegal downloading it asks if illegally downloading free media is the equivalent of stealing and gives two viewpoints. And for the ethics behind online privacy it gives multiple examples of how our privacy is at risk, but for each one it examines the risks and the benefits for the situation.
7. The article talks about how all of these problems are active in society, but tells us that society has mixed stances on each subject.
8. The article influences those that only had one perspective on any given topic, by giving a counter point. This creates discussion on the ethics of each situation.

Assignment 7

The main reasoning for piracy of media including illegal streaming and downloading is due to the price of that media, and illegal downloading provides free access. The ethical argument behind it is if it is fair for people to use piracy to access media or is it a form of theft. For the creators they're possibly losing out on sales and income due to piracy and illegal downloading, but to those that admit to piracy they might not have been willing to pay for the product if it wasn't free. To add onto the fact that one who illegally downloads may not have been a potential customer; the product itself is not a physical product so the creator didn't actually lose anything.

Assignment 8

Dylan peer reviewed Regulinecoast1's article

Assignment 9

My original idea of providing plain statistics on the frequency and amount of illegal downloading didn't fit the main idea behind the article and the ethics of doing so. I'm now changing, editing, and finding sources on the reasoning of why people do it and the effects of illegal downloading. This will provide the reader two sides of the story for the ethics of downloading allowing them to debate the ethics of downloading. This will allow me to add to the article without changing the focal point being about the ethics of each topic.

Assignment 10

I've been playing around with my wording as I change the content of what my addition was based on. With my change on what my addition is focusing on, I've also been trying to get the point across on the ethical dilemma without being to wordy since I don't want to switch the entire focus of the original section I'm adding too.

Assignment 11

The main reasoning for piracy of media including illegal streaming and downloading is due to the price of that media, and illegal downloading provides free access. The ethical argument behind it is if it is fair for people to use piracy to access media or is it a form of theft. For the creators they're possibly losing out on sales and income due to piracy and illegal downloading, but those that admit to piracy may not have been willing to pay for the product if it wasn't free. To add onto the fact that one who illegally downloads may not have been a potential customer; the product itself is not a physical product so the creator didn't actually lose anything.

Many people however view the stealing of intellectual property as the same as stealing of physical property. Although since it costs nothing to make, creators and innovators still lose possible profit from taking intellectual property. Former President Barack Obama recognized the value of intellectual property and claimed:

"What’s more, we’re going to aggressively protect our intellectual property.  Our single greatest asset is the innovation and the ingenuity and creativity of the American people.  It is essential to our prosperity and it will only become more so in this century.  But it’s only a competitive advantage if our companies know that someone else can’t just steal that idea."

And although the illegal downloading off media may not have the same international impact as the intellectual theft that he was referring to; the argument that the ability to download a companies property online takes away the companies competitive position in the market still stands.

Assignment 12

Servers in which information is stored.

University of Pittsburgh - One of first schools to offer information ethics course.

Image of Edward Snowden

FBI anti-piracy warning label

Assignment 13

Finding extra sources to show and explain the complexity of illegal downloading online, so I can make my final additions without hurting the formatting of my additions by adding unnecessary information.

Assignment 14

Made final additions while making sure everything was grammatically correct.

Assignment 15

The main reasoning for piracy of media including illegal streaming and downloading is due to the price of that media, and illegal downloading provides free access. The ethical argument behind it is if it is fair for people to use piracy to access media or is it a form of theft. For the creators they're possibly losing out on sales and income due to piracy and illegal downloading, but those that admit to piracy may not have been willing to pay for the product if it wasn't free. To add onto the fact that one who illegally downloads may not have been a potential customer; the product itself is not a physical product so the creator didn't actually lose anything.

Many people however view the stealing of intellectual property as the same as stealing of physical property. Despite the fact that a physical copy isn't being stolen, so there's no loss of an item with value, creators and innovators still lose possible profit from the theft of intellectual property. To add onto this despite not needing to produce and manufacture a physical copy; media producers still spend a large sum of money towards their product. Former President Barack Obama recognized the value of intellectual property and claimed:

"What’s more, we’re going to aggressively protect our intellectual property.  Our single greatest asset is the innovation and the ingenuity and creativity of the American people.  It is essential to our prosperity and it will only become more so in this century.  But it’s only a competitive advantage if our companies know that someone else can’t just steal that idea."

And although this statement is referring more to the theft of copyrighted and patented ideas; the argument that the ability to download a company's digital property takes away the company's competitive position in the market still stands. In fact it is estimated that piracy equated for the loss of $6.1 billion dollars in the U.S. movie industry in 2005.

Despite this those who argue in favor of piracy can claim that piracy has benefited the media in ways that make up for these lost sales. The main reasoning for this being that due to file sharing and free downloading people are thrown into a genre of music or type of film in which they may not have discovered if not for the online piracy community. This greater audience that piracy brings in also seems to expand the profit that artists make in other sources of profit. This was seen by a Harvard study that claimed, "that the classical revenues sources shift from recordings to concerts and concluded that broader illegitimate distribution of digital goods may have off-setting demand implications for legitimate sales of complementary non-digital products, such as live performance revenues for small artists." If it wasn't for online piracy it's doubtful that the purchased media would make up for the lesser amount of concert ticket sales.

For the side of the consumer the benefits outweigh the negatives substantially with the only negative being the dangers of malware through the downloading of files online, but with a safe file they have unlimited access to free media.