User:Helen194848

The Open Episcopal Church is growing and its public profile increasing. It has Bishops in England and a Bishop in Scotland and Wales and clergy in various parts of the country. It has ministered to hundreds of thousands of people and has over 20,000 members.

It is a member of the International Council of Community Churches which in turn is a member of the World Council of Churches and Churches Uniting in Christ

HISTORY

In 1994, Revd Jonathan Blake,having been a priest within the Church of England for over 12 years, decided to effect a Deed of Relinquishment, which severed his denominational ties. He had done this out of conviction, not to relinquish his priestly ministry but to safeguard it. As a Curate and an Incumbent he had encountered the limitations of institutional ministry. The majority of his time was absorbed with church issues and internal politics, rather than reaching out to the community.

He felt called by God to launch independently, ministering as a priest, offering sacramental ministry to all. In 1997, he wrote about all these experiences in the book, 'For God's Sake Don't Go To Church'. It was the same year he nailed his 95 theses to the door of Canterbury Cathedral for which he was arrested but not charged.

A lesbian woman from the North who had read his book arranged to meet him. She felt a strong call to ministry but had been rebuffed by the church over her sexuality and was interested in independent ministry. Following the meeting Revd Blake placed an advert in the Church Times, inviting all those interested in such ministry to a conference the following March. Over 100 people contacted him; among them, Bishop Richard Palmer, who had been consecrated a bishop of the Liberal Catholic Church in 1997 but who had resigned in April,1999. Together they explored the need for a new ecclesial structure, simple, yet authentic, that could facilitate those deprived access to ordination by the traditional denominations and that would enshrine the principles of unconditional love and inclusivity.

Revd Blake wrote the Founding Principles of the Society for Independent Christian Ministry ( which became known by the acronym SICM ) which was inaugurated by a group of Christians, reciting the Lord’s Prayer, in the Sanctum of the Holy Circle Trust, near Ryarsh in Kent, at the rising of the sun on the first of January, 2000. It paved the way for a Conference which was held in Dartford, three months later, and the first ordinations into the Society which took place at the historic Hall Place in Bexleyheath. These first ordinations were simple, involving all the members present, laying hands on each other. However, because a bishop was present, the question arose of whether these were episcopal or congregational ordinations. It proved to become a vexed question, as did the issue of homosexuality.

When the Society gathered in Preston the following November for the second gathering, the numbers attending had been swelled by two groups. Those from more catholic backgrounds who were looking for Episcopal ordination and those from more evangelical backgrounds, some of whom, found the presence of homosexual clergy unsettling. At Preston, the Society affirmed its belief that sexual identity was not an obstacle to ordination, and this caused some to leave. The debate about ordination proved more complex. It became clear that there was a need for an ecclesial structure, that mirrored the same principles of the Society for Independent Christian Ministry, but followed the apostolic three-fold order of ministry. Bishop Palmer elected Revd Blake to the episcopate and he was consecrated in December 2000, a Bishop in the Province for Open Episcopal Ministry and Jurisdiction.

In February 2001, Bishop Blake conducted the first gay wedding blessing on Richard and Judy's prime time TV programme 'This Morning'. The Daily Mail published articles in which they referred to him as a 'self-styled' bishop. Bishop Blake issued a writ for defamation against Associated Newspapers International. The litigation lasted over two years. A preliminary hearing found that the articles could be deemed to be defamatory. The defendant's appeal was rejected. Lord Justice Sedley judged "In brief, the legal fact that it is not for a court to say who is or who is not a true bishop does not necessarily mean the person can freely be called a false bishop. It may well mean the converse, namely that a person who has been consecrated a bishop, albeit not by the rites of an established church, is entitled at least to have that fact stated if a newspaper is to exercise its freedom to disparage him. Further, the newspaper takes the risk that if it does not do so, a jury may consider what it has published is neither justified in point of fact nor, so far as it is comment, fair or honest" and that 'There may be no obligation to publish the facts on which a comment is founded so long as..these can eventually be proved; but neglecting to do so creates the risk that the comment will be taken for fact.' The court concluded finally that the issue was non justiciable as it could not rule on the validity of a bishop. Associated Newspapers International had to pay a proportion of Bishop Blake's costs ( which were minimal, as he had represented himself ) and their own, which were considerable.

By the time the Society for Independent Christian Ministry met for the third time in Bournemouth, the discussions re ordination became vexed, with Bishop Palmer requiring those who had been ordained simply in Dartford to be ordained ‘sub conditione’ at this gathering in a full rite of ordination. This happened, but it set in motion a disquiet among some, that the simplicity of the Society for Independent Christian Ministry was being lost. Bishop Blake realised that, as well as the Society, a new denomination had to be founded and he set about writing a set of Canons.

At Hazlewood castle , Revd Michael Wilson was consecrated a bishop by Bishop Palmer and Bishop Blake. Bishop Wilson had an evangelical background and had worked as an independent minister, founding the Order of On Call Clergy . The three bishops then issued the Hazlewood Declaration on November 10th 2001 which facilitated the creation of The Open Episcopal Church ( which became known by the acronym OEC, which was to be, ‘Open to all without exception, loving, serving, accessible and relevant to our age.’ A church rooted in the Old Catholic Church , that was established in England In 1908 by Bishop Mathew from the ancient Archiepiscopal See of Utrecht and continued through the Liberal Catholic Church founded in 1916.

For the next year, the Society of Independent Christian Ministry and the Open Episcopal Church coexisted, but the differences between them made this untenable and at Liverpool in 2002 it was decided finally that thereafter they should separate, following similar paths, and containing many of the same people, but with two distinct approaches.

The first significant meeting of the College of Bishops of the Open Episcopal Church took place at Newman House in London in July 2002, prior to the separation of the Open Episcopal Church and the Society for Independent Christian Ministry at Liverpool in October of that year. The most contentious issue concerned primacy in the church. The canons did not provide for singular leadership. The church was to be governed by a College of Bishops. When 12 bishops had been consecrated they would elect three Archbishops who would form the Provincial Episcopal Synod and bear the ultimate responsibility for the Church. This was to emulate a trinitarian model of governance. Likewise in a diocese, three diocesan bishops would be appointed, so that power and authority would not be invested in one person rather a community. However, while this had been agreed the previous year, Bishop Palmer wanted it changed to having a single primate.

The issue proved contentious. Bishop Blake was adamant a single primacy would prove problematic. His fear proved apposite. The church was protected by a carefully worded proposal presented by Bishop Elect Revd Professor Elizabeth Stuart, based on a compromise, accepted by the Bishops, which sought to accommodate the concerns expressed. This allowed for the election of a Primate. However it prescribed that the executive power of the Church was vested in the College of Bishops and not the Primate and that the College was not bound to submit to the Archbishop if they believed him or her to be in error and that the Primate was only elected for five years, after which they would not be able to stand again for re-election. Bishop Palmer was elected as Archbishop.

The next major event was the consecration of Bishop Stewart at the Chapel of Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, The University of London, Egham in Surrey in April 2003. This was to be the first consecration of a Catholic woman bishop in the U.K. and news about it had provoked considerable reaction. So much so that the University had been approached by various denominations to deny the church use of the chapel. One denomination had even threatened to withdraw funding from the Chaplaincy, should the service go ahead, though the threat was not carried out.

The first Congress of the Church was held at All Saints Pastoral Centre, London Colney in June 2004 when it experienced the significant juxtaposition of Bishop Elizabeth Stuart concluding a Mass in the chapel with Cardinal Cormac Murphy O'Connor, the Archbishop of Westminster, watching from the pews, awaiting the start of the Mass he was taking straight afterwards. The Congress attended also the graveyard of the Church at South Mimms, where Archbishop Arnold Harris Mathew is buried.

The College of Bishops met at Weston Manor in Oxfordshire the following January. By then the church had received a number of requests from abroad to provide oversight to fledgling churches. Out of concern, that with the possible appointment of new bishops from abroad, the voting power of the College of Bishops could influence the church away from its core vision, it was decided to inaugurate a College of Cardinals, made up of the four existing bishops to whom the vision of the Open Episcopal Church was seen to be entrusted. However, problems were emerging. The first involved the newly ordained, leaving for other jurisdictions. The second, the increasing focus of a catholic cultural approach to the churches life, promoted by Archbishop Palmer. Bishop Wilson resigned from the Church. He came from an evangelical perspective and felt he had to leave to continue his own missionary work.

In May, 2005, Revd Dr M Graham Blyth, an Anglican Incumbent, devoted his Sabbatical to writing 'Beyond the Fringe - a study of radicals who are remaking the Church' which included an interview with Bishop Blake about the Open Episcopal Church.

The second Congress was held at Whaley Hall in Whaley Bridge in the summer of 2005 and in the October, Revd Roger Whatley was consecrated a Bishop, in the Chapel of the Ammerdown Conference Centre .

The next crisis arose as Archbishop Palmer approached the end of his five year term as Archbishop. He wished to continue, but the church, at variance to its origins was becoming less eclectic, more focused on issues of catholic rectitude and reliant upon concepts of authoritarian leadership and expected obedience. In addition, Archbishop Palmer had other personal pressures with which he was dealing. The Liberal Catholic Church Corporation had taken out action in the High Court against him and he had taken out an action against Bishop Wale and the Liberal Catholic Church Corporation in the Portsmouth County Court. Neither actions were to prove effective, but the litigation placed strain upon him.

The College of Bishops met at the Parish Church of Southampton in January 2006. Archbishop Palmer’s proposal to remove the requirement for him to stand down after his five year term was not agreed and he was aggrieved. He sought to usurp control of the Church as Archbishop, away from the College of Cardinals, and threatened to withdraw Holy Orders from those who resisted him. He issued an Interdict of Impaired Communion against Bishop Blake and sought to gain the support of the clergy to disassociate from him. Bishop Elizabeth Stewart, on behalf of the College of Cardinals, issued an Ad Clerum stating that Archbishop Palmer had no authority to issue the Interdict and called on the clergy to indicate their rejection of it. It became clear that the majority of clerics supported the College of Cardinals, recognising that they were acting within the Canons of the Church. On February 7th 2006 Archbishop Palmer withdrew the Interdict of Impaired Communion against Bishop Blake and left the Open Episcopal Church. Unfortunately he took some of the clergy with him including Bishop Whatley, to found a new Church, which fragmented shortly afterwards.

Bishop Stewart became the new Archbishop and we gathered for Congress at the Abbey Community at Sutton Scotney in June. It was well attended and there was a good atmosphere, but one issue remained a problem. How could the more catholic members accommodate the Open Episcopal Church’s more eclectic approach to worship and church life generally? Bishop Stewart and a few others, decided that this was something they could not reconcile and left on good terms and with continuing contact. Bishop Stewart was appointed the Archbishop of the Province of Great Britain and Ireland of the Liberal Catholic Church International. The Open Episcopal Church had reached something of a watershed. It was clear that the church had a distinct identity and that it was now essential to stabilise the church and to build carefully on what had been experienced. Bishop Blake was the only remaining Bishop in the church.

His first task was to revise the canons and to craft a model of authority that combined a singular and communal approach. As such the revised canons allowed for the role of Archbishop, but one that remained answerable to the Bishops and clerics of the church who, in extreme situations, could take action to unseat the occupant.

On September 5th 2006 the revised Canons were promulgated and Bishop Blake was elected Archbishop unanimously by the clerics of the church. All the existing clerics were required to sign a three year loyalty pledge to the church and all new priests and deacons to sign a 5 year pledge and all bishops a 10 year pledge. This proved a successful approach and the church since has enjoyed a period of stability, consolidation and growth.

Bishop Blake travelled to Scotland to consecrate Bishop David Gillham at Falkirk United Reformed Church, to Southampton to consecrate Bishop Sheila Wharmby at the oldest parish church of St Julian and to the chapel at Ammerdown, to consecrate Bishop Stewart Harrison. At all of these consecrations Bishop Roger Whatley assisted and at some Bishop Elizabeth Stewart attended.

Then Bishop Shelley Harstad-Smith was consecrated at Caerphilly Castle.

In 2008, the Open Episcopal Church became a member of the International Council of Community Churches and through them, a member of the World Council of Churches and Churches Uniting in Christ.

The Church came to national and international attention through the wedding blessing Bishop Blake conducted for Jade Goody and Jack Tweed , through Bishop Blake's response to Sir Michael Parkinson's criticism of Ms Goody, through the launch of Post the Host, an outreach provision of distributing the consecrated Hosts by post. and through Bishop Gillham leading the prayers in the Scottish Parliament.

Bishop Blake contributed to the book 'A strange Vocation - Independent Bishops tell their stories' in 2009 as well as having contributed liturgical material to Geoffrey Duncan's anthology 'Courage to Love' and Leanne Tigert & Maren Tirabassi's compilation 'All Whom God has Joined'

The core vision of the church is encapsulated in the scripture: ‘There is no Jew or Greek, servant or free, male or female: because you are all one in Jesus Christ.’ Unity, equality and diversity sit at the heart of the life of the church. This inclusive principle governs the Open Episcopal Church. Holy orders are open to all irrespective of gender or sexual identity. The Church blesses alike the unions of heterosexual couples and those of other sexual identities. All are offered the sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ, whatever their age or belief or philosophy.

Some of the clerics are itinerant after the apostolic model, bringing the sacraments into people’s homes, gardens and community centres, baptising children and celebrating marriage in ways accessible to ordinary families. The church does not require adherence to a particular interpretation of the Christian tradition. It regards religious language as negotiating mystery, acknowledging that no story, doctrine or culture can adequately encompass the divine. Freedom in thought, in worship and in ministry is encouraged.

The social concern of the church prompts it to work with the homeless, support development projects, care for addicts, help rehabilitate offenders, run mental health projects, stop as ‘Good Samaritans’ to help those with roadside troubles. The Open Episcopal Church does not define the church just as a local worshipping community or as an organisation, but as the life of God abroad throughout society and within all people. It regards all as playing their part in the quest towards God and all who work for good are welcome as members. The Open Episcopal Church wishes to be open to the Holy Spirit’s ingenuity, to remodel form and structure, so that the vital inheritance of Christianity is not lost for this generation.

REFERENCES

Helen194848 (talk) 16:54, 28 January 2011 (UTC)